What impact will the recent rain, snow, and freezing weather in central and eastern my country have on agricultural production? What is the supply situation of "vegetable basket" products during the Spring Festival? The reporter interviewed the heads of relevant departments and bureaus of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on relevant issues.
The fundamentals of good summer grain and oil production have not changed
Winter rapeseed and winter wheat are the main varieties of summer grain and oil crops in my country. Recently, major winter wheat and winter rape production areas in central and eastern my country have experienced widespread rain, snow and freezing weather. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs organized 25 science and technology teams to go to the front line to guide farmers in implementing measures to prevent cold and frost and post-disaster production recovery.
"The scientific and technological team dispatched by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs conducted on-site investigation and assessment, agricultural dispatching, and comprehensive analysis and judgment of reports from various places. Although this round of rain, snow and freezing weather caused local winter rapeseed and winter wheat to freeze in some areas, it did not change the direction of summer grain and oil production. Good fundamentals." said the person in charge of the relevant departments and bureaus of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.
According to reports, during this weather process, the northern region was dominated by snowfall, with a small temperature drop. Snow generally fell in the main winter wheat-producing areas such as Shandong, Henan, Northern Jiangsu, and Northern Anhui, which acted as a "cover" to maintain heat and increase moisture. After the first precipitation, the soil moisture was the best in the same period in the past ten years. Especially after experiencing many cold air processes since the beginning of winter, wheat has also been fully trained in cold resistance. Most of the semi-winter varieties can withstand low temperatures of about minus 15 degrees Celsius. Winter wheat Most areas have not suffered from freezing damage. Only about 200,000 acres of wheat in Hubei have had its leaves frozen due to freezing rain. The growth points and root systems have not been affected. After the weather is fine, as long as the weather is fine, as long as the waterlogging is reduced, dead leaves are removed, and timely top dressing can resume normal growth. According to the field investigation of the science and technology team and expert consultation and analysis, most of the northern winter wheat areas have managed to survive the winter with sufficient moisture, green cover, and snow cover. At the same time, cooling and snowfall will help reduce the number of pests and diseases and reduce the pressure of prevention and control in spring. Therefore, this weather process has a minor impact on the safe overwintering and green growth of winter wheat and is generally beneficial.
The superposition of snow and freezing rain in the south caused some winter rapeseed to be frozen. Heavy snowfall and freezing rain caused more than 4.2 million acres of winter rapeseed to be frozen in areas such as the Jianghan Plain in Hubei and around Dongting Lake in Hunan, accounting for 3.8% of the country's sown area. Mainly caused by frozen leaves and broken petioles. Zhang Xuekun, deputy leader of the rapeseed expert group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that rapeseed plants have strong branching growth ability, and the temperature in the south will rise rapidly after the snow stops. As long as frozen leaves and broken branches are removed in time, and quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is applied to promote side growth, most of them can still grow. Return to normal growth. On the surface, the overall situation of winter rapeseed seedlings is still better than that of the same period last year. According to the agricultural situation dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the proportion of first and second type winter rapeseed seedlings nationwide currently accounts for 80.7%, which is 1.6 percentage points higher than the same period last year.
The market for “vegetable basket” products is currently booming in both purchases and sales
How has this round of rain, snow, and freezing weather impacted the supply of “vegetable basket” products? How is the current price performance of major agricultural products? Is market supply guaranteed during the Spring Festival?
The person in charge of the relevant department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs responded that the freezing rain and snow caused the freezing of 1.11 million acres of Chinese cabbage, radish, sprouts and other open-field vegetables in some areas of Hubei, Hunan and other provinces, accounting for 1.6% of the country's total vegetable area in the field. Some Vegetable greenhouses, livestock and poultry sheds, and fishery breeding facilities were damaged. Affected by the weather, local transportation was temporarily blocked and circulation costs increased. In addition, due to holiday consumption, the prices of "vegetable basket" products increased, but they were still lower than the levels before the Spring Festival last year. The market was generally stable. According to monitoring by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and reports from various places, the market for "vegetable basket" products is currently booming. Market operations in Henan, Hubei and other places that are greatly affected by cold wave rain and snow are basically normal, and prices do not fluctuate much. During the Spring Festival, the production of "vegetable basket" products Supply is generally guaranteed.
Judging from key varieties, vegetable production and supply are sufficient. In late January, the area and output of vegetables in the field increased steadily, with an increase of more than 1.1 million acres and more than 600,000 tons respectively year-on-year. One week before the Spring Festival, the average wholesale price of 28 types of vegetables monitored by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs was 5.62 yuan/kg, an increase of 8.5% month-on-month and a decrease of 8.3% year-on-year. Wholesale markets in various places have stocked up in large quantities in advance. Vehicles stranded due to rain and snow will gradually arrive at the market, and the supply of vegetables is guaranteed.
Pork prices stabilized after rising slightly. Boosted by stocking up for the Spring Festival, pork prices have risen steadily since late January. Recent rain, snow and freezing weather have pushed prices up sharply in the short term. However, pig production capacity is at a high level and market supply is still relatively loose. Prices have gradually stabilized before the Spring Festival. Egg prices rose slightly. The number of laying hens nationwide has increased steadily, and the market supply continues to be abundant. The recent disastrous weather has affected the export of eggs in some areas to a certain extent. Egg prices have increased slightly, but are still lower than the same period last year.
Effectively carry out post-disaster production recovery and disaster prevention and reduction work
Regarding the measures to be taken to restore post-disaster production and stabilize the production and supply of important agricultural products, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will continue to keep a close eye on rain conditions, moisture and disasters, discuss the impact of disastrous weather with meteorological departments in a timely manner, and focus on preventing "late spring cold" and spring drought. , spring floods and other disasters, issue early warning information in advance, improve emergency plans, make material reserves and technical preparations, implement targeted prevention and response measures, and make every effort to ensure the safety of agricultural production and the supply of "vegetable basket" products.
The first is to strengthen post-disaster field management and resume production as soon as possible. Guide the implementation of field management measures to promote the recovery and growth of disaster-stricken crops. The current focus is on promoting weak and preventing diseases and insect pests in rapeseed and fertilizer and water management, promoting weak and controlling strong growth in wheat. The next step will be to organize the "120 Days of Fighting for Summer Grain and Oil Harvest Action" and continue to organize experts and scientific and technological teams to go deep into the front line and provide on-site services to guide the implementation of key technical measures to stabilize and increase production. In view of the vegetable greenhouses, livestock and poultry sheds, fishery breeding facilities, etc. that suffered heavy losses from the rain, snow and freezing disaster, we will promote the acceleration of agricultural facility repairs and post-disaster disposal, coordinate with insurance institutions to speed up damage determination and claim settlement, and try our best to help production entities reduce losses and To resume production.
The second is to continue to ensure stable production and supply of "vegetable basket" products. The situation of stabilizing production and supply during the Spring Festival will be an important part of the assessment of the mayor's responsibility system for the "vegetable basket", and all localities will be urged to coordinate the production, circulation, quality and safety of "vegetable basket" products, and emergency supply guarantees. Give full play to the role of the logistics guarantee mechanism, promote the implementation of the "green channel" policy for the transportation of fresh agricultural products, guide production areas and sales areas to establish a stable docking relationship, and prevent unsalable sales or tight supply. We will do a good job in monitoring the production and market operation of "vegetable basket" products, promptly release supply and demand information, and reasonably guide the market schedule of vegetables and livestock and aquatic products to promote balanced supply.
The third is to pay close attention to the disaster situation of people who have been lifted out of poverty in poverty-stricken areas, and strengthen monitoring and assistance. Guide the disaster-stricken areas to carry out targeted monitoring and collection, track and assess the impact of the disaster, make good use of the "green channel" for monitoring and assistance to prevent return to poverty, and provide assistance to farmers who are at risk of returning to poverty due to the disaster, and then supplement and complete relevant procedures according to procedures. We must firmly hold to the bottom line of preventing large-scale return to poverty.
(Guangming Daily reporter Chen Chen)