◎Our reporter Lu Chengkuan
Recently, the Ministry of Emergency Management and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued the "Guidance on Accelerating the Development of Emergency Robots" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidance") to accelerate the development and practical application of emergency robot technology and promote the modernization of emergency management systems and capabilities.
Why should we accelerate the development of emergency robots? What arrangements does the "Guiding Opinions" make for the development of emergency robots? How to implement the "Guiding Opinions" and strengthen the demonstration application of emergency robots? In this regard, reporters from Science and Technology Daily interviewed relevant experts.
Promote the rapid implementation of emergency robots
Emergency robots are intelligent robots that perform tasks such as monitoring and early warning, search and rescue, communication command, logistics support, and production operations during production safety and disaster prevention, reduction, and relief. They can achieve semi-autonomous or fully autonomous control and partially or completely replace human work. The general term for machine systems.
"In recent years, my country's emergency robots have been in a rapid start-up and development stage, with broad prospects for the future. But generally speaking, they are still in the early stages of application. There are not many real applications, and they have not yet been widely used." Emergency Management Science and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Li Ying, dean of the college, said that the release of the "Guiding Opinions" will effectively promote the accelerated implementation of emergency robots.
Wu Sanhai, director of the Technical Equipment Department of the National Work Safety Emergency Rescue Center, also has a similar view. He said: "It is necessary to promote the use of emergency robots in production safety emergency rescue. The promulgation of the "Guidance Opinions" provides important guidance for the development of equipment in the field of safety production emergency rescue and will effectively promote the development of emergency rescue robots in high-risk industries. Widely used and developed.”
Li Ying analyzed the necessity of accelerating the development of emergency robots from both the demand and supply levels. She believes that on the one hand, there are new requirements for emergency technology support capabilities, and there is an urgent need to strengthen the development of emergency robots and other intelligent equipment; on the other hand, my country's current safety emergency equipment is mostly concentrated in general fields and low-end markets, and there is an urgent need to promote the use of emergency robots. It represents advanced technological innovation and achievement transformation, breaks through common key technologies, enhances product supply, accelerates promotion and application, and builds an emergency robot system.
Wu Sanhai believes that promoting the use of emergency robots in the field of production safety emergency rescue is an important means to promote the implementation of scientific and technological prosperity, and is an effective way to ensure scientific rescue, efficient rescue, and safe rescue by front-line rescue personnel. At the same time, emergency robots represent the development trend of modernization of emergency management equipment and are an important symbol for measuring the modernization of emergency management systems and capabilities. Promoting the use of emergency robots in the field of production safety emergency rescue can effectively improve the professionalization, refinement, technology, and intelligence of the entire industry's equipment.
Revealing the list of key problems to solve the bottleneck of emergency rescue technology
The first of the main tasks of the "Guiding Opinions" is to strengthen urgently needed technical research on emergency robots. In recent years, the National Work Safety Emergency Rescue Center has always attached great importance to the supporting role of science and technology in emergency rescue.
The National Work Safety Emergency Rescue Center has released 6 research directions. Specific research projects include underwater environment detection robots that can realize underwater environment survey of mine water damage accidents, search and locate trapped personnel, and solve the problem of mine (tunnel) collapse accidents. Life detectors that are unable to accurately locate the problem of trapped persons, etc.
"By unveiling the list and tackling key problems, we mobilized the dominant forces in society to invest in collaborative research and development to solve the bottleneck technology and 'stuck neck' problem of production safety emergency rescue, and promote the technological and intelligentization of equipment in the field of production safety emergency rescue," Wu Sanhai said.
Li Ying said that our country is a country prone to multiple disasters, and the development of emergency robots must adhere to the comprehensive development of the system concept. There are currently some key areas that urgently need priority development.
"The first is to prioritize the development of emergency robots with adaptive capabilities that provide the most basic support such as emergency communications, disaster reconnaissance, and life channel construction under extreme conditions such as the 'three interruptions' (network outage, power outage, and circuit outage); the second is to prioritize the development of Emergency robots in disaster-prone areas and emergency robots in high-risk and harsh environments, such as urban firefighting, flood rescue, earthquake rescue, forest and grassland fire rescue, hazardous chemical rescue, coal mine rescue, power rescue and other fields." Li Ying said.
At the same time, Li Ying pointed out that in the past, the development focus of emergency robots was mainly on the rescue link. Now it is necessary to accelerate the development of monitoring and early warning robots, promote safety governance, prevent and resolve major safety risks, and improve disaster prevention and reduction support capabilities.
Increase the promotion and application of emergency robots
In recent years, the National Work Safety Emergency Rescue Center has carried out the construction of equipment and equipment for the national production safety emergency rescue team and equipped the national work safety emergency rescue team with various types of rescue robot equipment based on the characteristics of various accidents.
The "Guiding Opinions" propose that by 2025, a number of advanced emergency robots will be developed to significantly improve the scientific, professional, refined and intelligent levels; a number of key scene emergency robot practical test and demonstration application bases will be built to gradually improve the development ecology system; the emergency robot equipment continues to be strengthened, the equipment system is basically constructed, and the actual combat application and support levels are comprehensively improved.
In this regard, Wu Sanhai said that in the next step, the National Work Safety Emergency Rescue Center will conscientiously implement the relevant requirements of the "Guiding Opinions". On the one hand, it will carry out joint tests and drills to increase efforts in targeting the underwater environment detection robots and other key research results. Promote applications. For example, the key research results that have passed the review and acceptance are compiled into a volume, pilot applications are carried out, and applications for relevant science and technology awards are supported.
At the same time, the Ministry of Emergency Management and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the "Overall Plan for the Construction of Safety Production Emergency Rescue Forces". The central government will arrange subsidy funds for five consecutive years to purchase important national special rescue equipment including emergency robots and other advanced intelligent equipment. equipment.
"We will comprehensively consider the actual situation of various places, types of accidents and disasters and the capabilities of the national production safety emergency rescue team, and equip the national production safety emergency rescue team with a batch of mine rescue, hazardous rescue, disaster reconnaissance, emergency medical robots, etc. to further enhance our country's response The rescue capabilities for major, extremely large and complex production safety accidents provide a solid guarantee for social stability and economic security development." Wu Sanhai said. (Science and Technology Daily)