【Economic interface】

The river in front of you is wide and calm, and the current gently swings downstream... In the spring, standing in the Huijin section of Zhengzhou, south of the Yellow River, the reporter took a look at the "mild" Yellow River. If it were not for the "reminder" of the flood control stones lined up on the revetment, the reporter almost forgot that the same section of the Yellow River would show an unruly face during the flood season.

"During the autumn flood last year, the water surged rapidly, and the river flowed into narrow sections of the river to form whirlpools, wrapped in sediment and roaring away the root stones. We patrol the embankments 24 hours a day and carry out continuous embankment reinforcement operations. Liu Suilin, director of the Huijin River Bureau, described to reporters the wayward side of the Yellow River, which "launched a temper".

This ancient river has never been complicated. "The Yellow River came west to fight Kunlun, roaring thousands of miles to touch the dragon gate" "The Yellow River fell into the sky and walked the East China Sea, and thousands of miles were written in the heart"... The Yellow River, which flows in vast ancient poems, is always magnificent. In reality, the mighty river winds nine times, and there are times when it rushes magnificently, and there are times when it is exhausted.

When we touch the pulse of the Yellow River, we can clearly feel its "frailty and sickness" - with 2% of the country's river runoff, it feeds 12% of the country's population, irrigates 15% of the country's arable land, and the utilization rate of water resources is as high as 80%, far exceeding the ecological warning line of 40%, and water resources are very scarce; Ecological fragile areas are widely distributed and have many types; The relationship between water and sand is not coordinated, problems such as sediment siltation and river swing in the downstream have not been completely solved, and flood risk is still the biggest threat to the river basin...

Now, this "weak and sick" mother river has finally ushered in the rule of law "prescription" - the "Yellow River Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" has been implemented since April 2023, 4, and the protection and governance of the Yellow River has "iron rules" and "hard bars". What changes has the implementation of the law in this basin brought about along the route? How to promote the implementation of the Yellow River Protection Law? When the Yellow River Protection Law came into effect, the reporter accompanied the Ministry of Water Resources to Henan, Shandong and other counties and cities in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

1. Put the ever-changing Yellow River into the computer to make supervision more intelligent

"The Yellow River is known as 'copper-headed iron-tailed tofu waist', and the Zhengzhou section, including the Madu dangerous worker where we are now, is on the 'tofu waist'." Looking at the quietly flowing river in front of him, Liu Suilin explained to reporters, "The so-called tofu waist means that there are more breaks in this section, and it is more prone to danger." ”

Flowing down from the Bayankara Mountains on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Yellow River flows from west to east, and when it breaks free from the mountainous shackles of the Jin-Shaanxi Gorge and enters Zhengzhou to wave goodbye to the Huangshan Mountains, it immediately pours into the vast North China Plain. From here, due to siltation and dike constraints, the world-famous "Hanging River Above Earth" was formed. "The position of the Zhengzhou section of the Yellow River in the Yellow River can be summarized in twelve words: Hanging River Head, North China Axis, Baichuankou, Wangu Liu!" The "hanging river head" and "tofu waist" in Liu Suilin's mouth vividly point out the importance of flood control tasks in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

As one of the earliest dangerous workers built in the Huijin River section, the Madu dangerous workers have gone through nearly 301 years. In 301 years, the changing river has caused the place to overflow twice and caused many major dangers. Today, the horse crossing workers who have been built with standardized embankments are no longer the same as they used to be. The towering hard revetment guards the Yellow River like a city wall, and the flowers and plants on the shoulders of the embankment grow luxuriantly. "We have carried out standardized embankment construction in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the total length of the standardized embankment of the Yellow River in Henan is 501 kilometers, after the completion of the standardized embankment, we have built the dike into a flood control guarantee line, a rescue traffic line and an ecological landscape line 'three lines' with a flood control guarantee line, a rescue traffic line and an ecological landscape line Zhang Ruyin, deputy director of the Yellow River Bureau in Zhengzhou, told reporters.

The Yellow River Protection Law clearly stipulates that the construction and management of flood control engineering systems such as controlled water projects, standardized dikes, and controlled and guided river flow projects for the main tributaries of the Yellow River shall be strengthened. Speaking on this topic, Zhang Ruyin revealed that before the Yellow River enters the flood this year, the Henan River Bureau will reinforce the 960-meter embankment, including the Madu dangerous worker, and drive concrete piles at the head of the riverside dam to further improve the flood control capacity.

"Not only that, but we also 'loaded' the ever-changing Yellow River into the computer! Go, go and see our digital twin system. While speaking, Liu Suilin led the reporter to the Madu Project Management Class of the Huijin River Bureau.

On the big screen of the management class, the Huijin Smart Yellow River Comprehensive Information Supervision Platform, which integrates smart river patrol, aerial inspection, dam bank monitoring, consultation and command, etc., presents a satellite map of the river management area of the Huijin River Bureau. I saw that Wu Shaoshuai, the first squad leader of the management class, clicked the smart river patrol module in the upper right corner, selected the mirror to the end mode, and all the monitoring equipment along the coast was turned on to enter the automatic rotation patrol state, and the patrol screen was presented on the big screen in real time.

"These are all rounds along the same route that we used to walk on foot. Compared with manual foot inspection, it only takes a few minutes to complete the patrol of several kilometers, which is very convenient and has higher timeliness. Wu Shaoshuai said.

Seeing that the reporter was quite interested in this, Wu Shaoshuai demonstrated more functions of the system: click into the dam bank monitoring module, you can see the data of the dam bank danger warning. "Whether the root stone is strong or not is related to the safety of the dam body, we have buried the sensor in the key part of the root stone, and once the sensor is displaced, the equipment will issue different types of alarms according to the different magnitude of the displacement." As soon as Wu Shaoshuai's words fell, he only listened to the "buzzing" sound of drones outside the window. Looking at the big screen again, it turned out to enter the aerial inspection mode, and the picture of the big screen also switched to the real-time picture transmitted by the drone.

"Each drone is equipped with a high-magnification camera and a loud speaker, and in the past, when we patrolled the river, some special parts of the project were difficult to observe, but now the drone has achieved fast and barrier-free patrols without dead ends." Wu Shaoshuai said that the Internet of Things modules equipped with the system can also give early warning to the "four chaotic" behaviors of rivers and lakes such as indiscriminate occupation, indiscriminate mining, indiscriminate piling, and indiscriminate construction.

Such an intelligent system was seen again when the reporter interviewed in Shandong. Li Juanjuan, a staff member of the Industrial Management Section of the Yellow River Bureau in Licheng, Shandong, told reporters that the Huashan management section, which is responsible for the daily management and flood control of 15.95 kilometers of embankments and five river improvement projects in its jurisdiction, has achieved full coverage of video consultation, video surveillance and drones. "We have expanded the video surveillance function to observe draft readings and make safety warnings without leaving home." Li Juanjuan said.

The reporter combed through the Yellow River Protection Law and found that there are 17 "expressly prohibited" clauses, 10 "prohibited" behavior clauses, 16 "strict" control and restriction clauses, and rigid constraints, mandatory, red lines, bottom line, upper line, access list, negative list, elimination catalogue and other clauses, all of which are very hard systems and insurmountable red lines. The "hard lever" of constraints also puts forward higher requirements for supervision. With the use of digital twin platforms along the Yellow River, smarter and more efficient supervision will also provide more guarantees for the implementation of the Yellow River Protection Law.

2. Straighten out the complicated relationship and make law enforcement more efficient

At the end of March, the temperature rose again, and winter wheat in many places in the Yellow River Basin ushered in a greening period. Located in Dong'a County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, the Yellow Gate was opened, and the gushing Yellow River water rushed out from the bottom of the gate through the diversion nullah, flowing to the largest irrigation area in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the Mountain Irrigation Area, nourishing millions of acres of fertile fields.

At this time, more than 300 kilometers away in Zhengzhou, Henan, the Yellow River Water Volume Dispatching Center on the first floor of the main building of the Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, on the main display area of the huge electronic screen, the green topographic map of the Yellow River is covered with dense cross-sectional monitoring points, and the upper right of the character "several" shows the retreat outlet, flow, daily average flow and other information along the Huangjiu Province. At the top of the screen, the monthly allocated water consumption for each province scrolls.

The Yellow River has always been "weak and sick", with poor ecological background, very short water resources, serious soil erosion, weak carrying capacity of resources and environment, and the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development along the Yellow River is particularly prominent. The Yellow River problem is manifested in the Yellow River and its root is in the river basin. "We must adhere to the whole river basin as a chess game, properly handle multiple demands, balance the interests of all parties, highlight the river basin, and strengthen the unified planning, unified governance, unified management and unified scheduling of the river basin." The Yellow River Protection Law takes water as the core (water resources, water ecology, water environment, water disasters, water culture), river as the link (upper, middle and lower streams, left and right banks, inside and outside river courses), and river basins (main tributaries, provinces, and industries), and effectively enhances the systematic, holistic and coordinated nature of the protection and governance of the Yellow River through legislation to regulate, restrict, coordinate and coordinate the relationship between all aspects and various behaviors that affect the protection and governance of the Yellow River. Gui Fan, second-level inspector of the Policy and Regulation Bureau of the Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, introduced.

The reporter learned that the scope of application of the Yellow River Protection Law is not the concept of 79,5 square kilometers of natural river basins, but according to the needs of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, the scope of application is expanded, reflecting the resource, ecological, social and cultural attributes of the Yellow River Basin, transcending the traditional "water system space" of the river basin, covering 9 county-level administrative regions in 72 provinces, 439 cities and lakes involved in the main stream, tributaries and lakes of the Yellow River, with a total of 132.<> million square kilometers. At the same time, the use of water is also extended to the relevant county-level administrative areas of the water supply area outside the river basin.

"The Yellow River Protection Law gives more management functions such as ecological construction, environmental protection, water conservation, flood prevention and disaster relief to all provinces and autonomous regions along the Yellow River, realizes the unification of powers and responsibilities for river basin governance, and stipulates 82 responsibilities of local people's governments at or above the county level, including 27 provincial people's governments, 55 local people's governments at or above the county level, 10 relevant departments of provincial people's governments, and 19 relevant departments of local people's governments at or above the county level." Gui Fan told reporters that the Yellow River Protection Law also strengthens the functions of the Yellow River Water Conservancy Committee in flood control, monitoring, dispatching and supervision in the whole river basin, so as to achieve full coverage of the supervision of dry tributaries. Strengthen the capacity building of ecological and environmental law enforcement in the entire river basin, and realize the "one line" of law enforcement for the protection of the ecological environment in the entire river basin.

The relationship between thousands of heads has been straightened out, and law enforcement has more confidence and efficiency. Walking into the Environmental Resources Yellow River Court of Licheng Court, located in the Huashan Management Section of Licheng River Bureau in Shandong, you will be greeted by the solemn national emblem, sacred gavel, tables, chairs and equipment for court trials. "This is the first Yellow River circuit court in Jinan, which can hear criminal, civil and administrative cases and disputes within the Yellow River in Licheng City in a unified manner, and carry out circuit trials in close proximity. At present, five cases have been tried, and the deterrence and enforcement of the rule of law have been enhanced through the use of warnings by cases. Du Jialei, director of the Yellow River Bureau in Licheng, Shandong, said that the Yellow River Protection Law clarifies the responsibilities of many departments, especially the responsibilities of people's governments at or above the county level, allowing more departments to participate in the protection and governance of the Yellow River and form a joint force.

Talking about the changes brought about by the implementation of the Yellow River Protection Law, Zhang Fei, captain of the emergency team of the First River Bureau of Kaifeng, took out the "small red book" of the Yellow River Protection Law that he carried with him and pointed out the relevant legal liability clauses to reporters: "The Yellow River Protection Law makes the functions of various departments clearer, the coordination smoother, and the deterrent to river-related violations of laws and regulations stronger, providing strong support and guarantee for law enforcement." ”

3. Promote the various cultures and make the protection more conscious

"What everyone is seeing now is the Hukou Waterfall, which is known as the 'Yellow River Wonder'!" Stepping into the prologue hall of the Yellow River Museum, a huge picture of Hukou Waterfall jumps in front of you. "The theme of the exhibition hall is the epitome of the dragon of the Yellow River, the national vein of China, showing the past, present and future of the mother river..." Following the footsteps of the docent, the fossil ivory of the Yellow River saber-toothed elephant like a giant blade, the cute Zhenhe divine beast, and the Yellow River trumpet shouting out the power of endeavor are displayed, telling the history of the Yellow River.

"This stone vividly embodies the majestic momentum of 'the water of the Yellow River from the sky', it is like a soaring dragon, witnessing the years since the management of the Yellow River." At the Heigangkou Yellow River Rule of Law Cultural Square, located in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, where the famous dangerous worker Kaifeng Heigangkou dangerous worker, Pan Jialiang, director of the Kaifeng First River Bureau, told reporters. Not far away, the paulownia is in full bloom, and this "50-year-old" tree, affectionately known as "Futong", has witnessed the transformation of the former river of sorrow into a river of happiness. "The square deeply excavates the elements of the rule of law of the Yellow River culture in Kaifeng, integrates the rule of law culture with the Yellow River culture, Song culture, and Kaifeng characteristic culture, and builds a high-standard Yellow River rule of law culture and education base." Pan Jialiang said.

At the head of the Lankao East Dam in Kaifeng, where the last bend of the "Nine Curves and Eighteen Bends" is located, the red sculpture of "The Party Flag Reflects the Red Happy River" reflects the Memorial Pavilion of Chairman Mao's inspection of the Yellow River. The slope protection masonry methods commonly used in the Yellow River embankment, such as Ding button flat seam, Xihuazi button, and ox tongue rough row, displayed next to the riverside walking boardwalk, tell the wisdom of the ancients in river management.

The section above the bayonet is the "big belly", the section below the bayonet is the "narrow intestine", and the gushing river water rushing from upstream is churning and roaring in the narrow riverbed of the bayonet, like a trapped dragon, constantly washing the riverbed... At the East Aai Mountain checkpoint with a width of about 275 meters and the narrowest channel in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the scene of "the Yellow River carp jumping the bayonet, and the dragon locking at the foot of Ai Mountain" was vividly presented in front of the reporter's eyes.

What is a sluice? What is the difference between the control gate, the inlet gate, the flood gate, etc.? In Shandong Liaocheng Mountain Yellow Gate Theme Cultural Park, you can find the answer.

Just a short march down the Yellow River, the long-standing and profound Yellow River culture is overwhelming! The Jiuqu Yellow River, which rushes endlessly, gave birth to the ancient and great Chinese civilization, which is not only a geographical river, but also a cultural river and a spiritual river. Along the way, the reporter sighed from the bottom of his heart: The more I know about the history and culture of the Yellow River, the more I feel sorry for this mother river that has nurtured the Chinese nation for thousands of years, and the stronger my mood to protect it becomes!

Different from the Yangtze River Protection Law, the special chapter of the Yellow River Protection Law emphasizes the protection and inheritance of the Yellow River culture, and clearly requires the implementation of the plan for the protection and inheritance of the Yellow River culture, promotes the construction of the Yellow River cultural system, organizes and carries out research on the Yellow River culture and the history of river management, promotes the creative transformation and innovative development of the Yellow River culture, strengthens the publicity of the Yellow River culture, and enhances the influence of the Yellow River culture. "The implementation of the Yellow River Protection Law has played the rule of law for the protection and inheritance of the Yellow River culture in the new era." Pan Jialiang said.

The culture of rule of law is an important part of the Yellow River culture, and with the implementation of the Yellow River Protection Law, the popularization of law in various places is also strengthening. "If everyone can abide by the law and consciously protect the Yellow River, the environment by the Yellow River in our city will definitely be better." At the East Yellow River Rule of Law Cultural Square, Zhao Qiang, a cadre of the Water Administration and River and Lake Supervision Section of the Liaocheng Yellow River Bureau, gave a lecture that attracted many people. Zhao Qiang, who participated in the drafting of legislation for the Yellow River Protection Law as a grassroots representative, recently used a new media platform to launch a law popularization column to publicize the Yellow River rule of law culture to the public. The various cultural squares that the reporter walked through during the interview also publicized the Yellow River Protection Law through questions and answers, cartoons and other forms, and subtly awakened people's awareness and consciousness of protecting the mother river.

The great river rushes, day and night. From the Anlan River to the ecological river, from the Xingxing River to the Wenmai River, the implementation of the Yellow River Protection Law has provided inexhaustible kinetic energy for the renewal of the Yellow River. This poem and chorus about the Yellow River will surely be even more wonderful and moving!

The Yellow River flows through nine provinces and autonomous regions, Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan and Shandong, with a total length of 9,5464 kilometers and a basin area of 79,5 square kilometers.

With 2% of the country's river runoff, the Yellow River feeds 12% of the country's population and irrigates 15% of the country's arable land.

The average annual sand transport of the Yellow River is 16.3 billion tons, which is three times that of the Yangtze River, and the average annual sand content is 35 kilograms per cubic meter, and the sand content and sand transport are the largest in the world.

(Guangming Daily reporter Chen Chen)