The war, which was initially fought on several fronts, has turned into a war of attrition along a 1,000 kilometer line from the Black Sea in the south to the Russian border in the north.
In the spring of 2022, Ukraine pushed back the Russian forces from Kiev.
Russian President Vladimir Putin then shifted his focus to the areas that today constitute the front.
The line has been relatively quiet since November 2022, when Russia withdrew from the city of Kherson in southern Ukraine.
At the same time, Russia is preparing for a possible Ukrainian breakthrough in the south.