Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 21st
Global Security Initiative Concept Paper
1. Background
Security issues concern the well-being of the people of all countries, the lofty cause of world peace and development, and the future and destiny of mankind.
At present, changes in the world, times, and history are unfolding in unprecedented ways, and the international community is experiencing rare multiple risks and challenges.
Regional security hotspot issues are emerging one after another, local conflicts and turmoil are frequent, the spread of the new crown epidemic is delayed, unilateralism and protectionism have risen significantly, and various traditional and non-traditional security threats are intertwined and superimposed.
The peace deficit, development deficit, security deficit, and governance deficit have intensified, and the world is once again standing at a historical crossroads.
We live in an era rife with challenges, but also an era full of hope.
We firmly believe that the historical trend of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit is irresistible.
Maintaining international peace and security and promoting global development and prosperity should be the common pursuit of all countries in the world.
Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed a global security initiative, advocating a spirit of solidarity to adapt to the profoundly adjusted international situation, and a win-win thinking to deal with complex and intertwined security challenges. Injecting more stability and certainty into the new era, and realizing lasting peace and development in the world.
2. Core Ideas and Principles
(1) Adhere to the concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security.
In 2014, President Xi Jinping proposed for the first time a new security concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, which has won widespread response and wide recognition from the international community.
The core connotation of this security concept is to uphold the concept of common security, respect and guarantee the security of every country; Security is achieved through political dialogue and peaceful negotiations; it advocates seeking sustainable security, resolving conflicts through development, and eliminating insecure soil.
We believe that only security based on morality and correct ideas can have a solid foundation and be truly durable.
(2) Insist on respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries.
Sovereign equality and non-interference in internal affairs are the basic principles of international law and the most fundamental norms of modern international relations.
We maintain that all countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community, that no interference is allowed in the internal affairs of countries, that sovereignty and dignity must be respected, and that the right to independently choose development paths and social systems must be safeguarded.
We should uphold sovereign independence and equality, and promote equal rights, equal rules, and equal opportunities for all countries.
(3) Adhere to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations.
The purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations carry the deep reflection of the people of the world on the painful lessons of the two world wars, and condense the system design for mankind to achieve collective security and permanent peace.
All kinds of confrontation and injustice in the world today are not because the purposes and principles of the UN Charter are outdated, but because they have not been effectively maintained and implemented.
We call for the joint practice of genuine multilateralism, firmly upholding the international system with the United Nations at its core, the international order based on international law, and the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and safeguarding the authority of the United Nations and its global security Major platform status in governance.
Cold War mentality, unilateralism, confrontation between camps, and hegemony run counter to the spirit of the UN Charter and should be resisted and opposed.
(4) Adhere to the legitimate security concerns of all countries.
Mankind is an indivisible security community, and the security of one country should not be at the expense of the security of others.
We believe that the security interests of all countries are equal to each other.
The legitimate and reasonable security concerns of any country should be taken seriously and properly addressed, and should not be ignored or systematically violated for a long time.
Any country should take into account the legitimate security concerns of other countries when seeking its own security.
We advocate the principle of indivisibility of security, the inseparability of self-security and common security, the inseparability of traditional security and non-traditional security, the inseparability of security rights and security obligations, the inseparability of security and development, and the establishment of a balanced, effective and sustainable security framework. , so as to achieve universal security and common security.
(5) Adhere to the peaceful resolution of differences and disputes among countries through dialogue and consultation.
War and sanctions are not the fundamental way to resolve disputes. Dialogue and consultation are the effective way to resolve differences.
We call for strengthening strategic communication among countries, enhancing security mutual trust, resolving conflicts, managing differences, and eliminating the root causes of crises.
Major countries should uphold fairness and justice, shoulder due responsibilities, support consultations on an equal footing, and promote peace talks, mediation and mediation based on the needs and wishes of the countries concerned.
The international community should support all efforts to resolve the crisis peacefully, and encourage all parties to the conflict to build mutual trust, resolve disputes, and promote security through dialogue.
The abuse of unilateral sanctions and "long-arm jurisdiction" will not solve the problem, but will create more difficulties and complex factors.
(6) Adhere to overall planning and maintenance of security in traditional and non-traditional fields.
At present, the connotation and extension of security are more abundant, showing more prominent linkage, transnationality, and diversity, and traditional security threats and non-traditional security threats are intertwined.
We advocate that all countries practice the global governance concept of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, and jointly address regional disputes and global issues such as terrorism, climate change, network security, and biosecurity. The solution is to promote global security governance and prevent and resolve security dilemmas.
The above-mentioned "six persistences" are interconnected and echo each other, forming a dialectical and unified organic whole.
Among them, adhering to the concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security is the guiding principle of the concept, insisting on respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries is the basic premise, insisting on adhering to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations is a fundamental principle, and insisting on paying attention to the legitimate security concerns of all countries is an important principle. It is the only way to insist on resolving differences and disputes among countries in a peaceful manner through dialogue and consultation, and it is necessary to insist on maintaining security in traditional and non-traditional areas in a coordinated manner.
3. Key cooperation directions
It is our common aspiration to realize lasting peace in the world, to enable every country to enjoy a peaceful and stable external environment, to enable the people of each country to live and work in peace and contentment, and to fully protect the rights of the people.
Countries need to help each other, unite and cooperate to build a human security community and work together to build a world free from fear and universal security.
In order to realize the above-mentioned vision, China will carry out bilateral and multilateral security cooperation with countries around the world and international and regional organizations under the framework of the Global Security Initiative, and actively promote the docking of security concepts and the integration of interests.
We advocate that all parties actively carry out single or multiple cooperation in the following areas, including but not limited to, to complement and promote China's efforts and jointly promote world peace and tranquility.
(1) Actively participate in the United Nations Secretary-General's "Our Common Agenda" report on the formulation of "New Peace Agenda" and other recommendations.
Support the United Nations in increasing conflict prevention efforts, give full play to the role of the peacebuilding architecture, and help post-conflict countries carry out peacebuilding work.
Further play the role of the China-UN Peace and Development Fund Secretary-General's Peace and Security Sub-Fund, and support the United Nations in playing a greater role in global security affairs.
Support the United Nations in improving the ability of peacekeeping operations to perform mandates, adhere to the three principles of peacekeeping operations: consent of the parties concerned, neutrality, non-self-defense or use of force in fulfillment of authorization, adhere to political priority, comprehensive measures, and address both symptoms and root causes.
Peacekeeping operations should obtain sufficient resources to support the provision of sufficient, predictable and sustainable financial support for the African Union's autonomous peace operations.
(2) Promote coordination and positive interaction among major countries, and promote the establishment of a pattern of major-country relations featuring peaceful coexistence, overall stability, and balanced development.
Major countries bear special and important responsibilities in maintaining international peace and security.
Advocate that major countries take the lead in promoting equality, honesty, cooperation, and the rule of law, and take the lead in abiding by the Charter of the United Nations and international law.
Adhere to mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation, adhere to the bottom line of no conflict, no confrontation, seek common ground while reserving differences, and manage and control differences.
(3) Resolutely uphold the consensus that "a nuclear war cannot be won and cannot be fought".
Comply with the "Joint Statement on Preventing Nuclear War and Avoiding an Arms Race" issued by the leaders of the five nuclear-weapon states in January 2022, strengthen dialogue and cooperation among nuclear-weapon states, and reduce the risk of nuclear war.
Maintain the international nuclear non-proliferation system based on the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, and actively support countries in the relevant regions to establish nuclear-weapon-free zones.
Promote international cooperation in nuclear safety and establish an international nuclear safety system that is fair, cooperative and win-win.
(4) Fully implement the resolution "Promoting International Cooperation for Peaceful Uses in the Field of International Security" adopted by the 76th Session of the UN General Assembly.
Carry out cooperation under the frameworks of the UN Security Council Committee on Non-Proliferation, the Convention on the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, and the Convention on the Prohibition of Biological Weapons to promote the complete prohibition and complete destruction of weapons of mass destruction, and enhance the export control of non-proliferation, biological safety, and chemical weapons in various countries. level of defense capabilities.
Support the global conventional arms control process.
Support cooperation among China, Africa and Europe in the control of small arms and light weapons on the premise of respecting the wishes of African countries, and support the implementation of the "Silence the Guns in Africa" initiative.
Actively carry out international cooperation and assistance in humanitarian demining, and provide more assistance to mine-affected countries within its capacity.
(5) Promote political solutions to international and regional hotspot issues.
Encourage countries concerned to resolve differences and seek solutions to hotspot issues through candid dialogue and communication.
We support the international community in constructively participating in the political settlement of hotspot issues under the premise of non-interference in internal affairs, using persuasion and promoting talks as the main method, taking a fair and pragmatic attitude as the main approach, and taking both symptoms and root causes as the main idea.
We support the political settlement of hot issues such as the Ukraine crisis through dialogue and negotiation.
(6) Support and improve the ASEAN-centered regional security cooperation mechanism and structure, uphold the "ASEAN way" of reaching a consensus through consultation and taking care of the comfort of all parties, and strengthen security dialogue and cooperation among countries in the region.
Support the promotion of non-traditional security cooperation under the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Framework, implement relevant cooperation projects through the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Special Fund, strive to create a pilot zone for global security initiatives, and jointly maintain regional peace and stability.
(7) Implement the five-point initiative to achieve security and stability in the Middle East, advocate mutual respect, uphold fairness and justice, realize nuclear non-proliferation, jointly build collective security, accelerate development and cooperation, and jointly promote the construction of a new Middle East security architecture.
Support the positive momentum and efforts of Middle Eastern countries to strengthen dialogue and improve relations, accommodate the legitimate security concerns of all parties, strengthen the endogenous forces for maintaining regional security, and support regional organizations such as the League of Arab States to play a constructive role in this regard.
The international community should take practical steps to advance the "two-state solution" on the Palestine issue, convene a larger, more authoritative, and more influential international peace conference, and promote an early and just settlement of the Palestine issue.
(8) Support the efforts of African countries, the African Union, and sub-regional organizations to resolve regional conflicts, counter terrorism, and maintain maritime security, call on the international community to provide funds and technology for African-led anti-terrorism operations, and support African countries to strengthen their independent efforts to maintain peace ability.
Support the resolution of African issues in an African way, and promote the peaceful settlement of hotspot issues such as the Horn of Africa, the Sahel, and the Great Lakes region.
Actively implement the "Concept of Peaceful Development in the Horn of Africa", promote the institutionalization of the Horn of Africa Peace Conference, and actively create cooperative demonstration projects.
(9) Support Latin American and Caribbean countries to actively fulfill their commitments in the Announcement on Declaring Latin America and the Caribbean a Zone of Peace, and support regional and sub-regional organizations, including CELAC, to play an active role in maintaining regional peace and security and properly handling regional hotspot issues effect.
(10) Pay attention to the special situation and legitimate concerns of Pacific island countries in the fields of climate change, natural disasters and public health, support Pacific island countries in their efforts to cope with global challenges, and support island countries in implementing their "Blue Pacific 2050 Strategy".
Increase the provision of material, financial and talent support to help island countries improve their ability to deal with non-traditional security threats.
(11) Strengthen maritime dialogue, exchanges and practical cooperation, properly handle maritime differences, join hands in combating piracy, armed robbery and other maritime transnational crimes, and work together to maintain ocean peace and tranquility and waterway safety.
Advocate the upstream and downstream countries of cross-border rivers to actively carry out international cooperation, resolve relevant disputes through dialogue and consultation, ensure the safety of cross-border river navigation, rationally use and protect water resources, and protect the ecological environment of cross-border rivers.
(12) Strengthen the central coordinating role of the United Nations in the international fight against terrorism, support the international community to fully implement the UN General Assembly and Security Council anti-terrorism resolutions and the "United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy", and jointly combat all terrorist organizations and personnel listed by the Security Council.
Promote global counter-terrorism resources to further tilt toward developing countries, and increase counter-terrorism capacity building in developing countries.
Oppose linking terrorism with specific countries, ethnic groups and religions.
In-depth study and response to the impact of emerging technologies on the international fight against terrorism.
(13) Deepen international cooperation in the field of information security.
China has proposed the "Global Data Security Initiative", hoping to promote the establishment of global digital governance rules that reflect the wishes of all parties and respect the interests of all parties.
Continue to promote the implementation of the "China-Arab League Data Security Cooperation Initiative" and "China + Five Central Asian Countries" Data Security Cooperation Initiative, jointly respond to various cyber threats, and build an open, inclusive, fair and reasonable, safe and stable, full of vitality. Global Cyberspace Governance System.
(14) Strengthen biosecurity risk management.
Jointly advocate responsible biological research and encourage all stakeholders to voluntarily adopt the Tianjin Guidelines for Scientists' Biosafety Code of Conduct.
Jointly strengthen laboratory biosafety capacity building, reduce biosafety risks, and promote the healthy development of biotechnology.
(15) Strengthen international security governance in emerging technological fields such as artificial intelligence, and prevent and control potential security risks.
China has issued a position paper on the military application of artificial intelligence and ethical governance, and is willing to strengthen communication and exchanges with the international community on artificial intelligence security governance, promote the establishment of an international mechanism for universal participation, and form a governance framework and standards with broad consensus.
(16) Strengthen international cooperation in the field of outer space and maintain the international order in outer space based on international law.
Carry out outer space activities based on international law, maintain the safety of astronauts in orbit and the long-term sustainability of space facilities.
Respect and ensure that all countries equally enjoy the right to peaceful use of outer space.
Resolutely oppose the weaponization of outer space and an arms race, and support the negotiation and conclusion of an international legal instrument on the control of outer space.
(17) Support the World Health Organization to play a leading role in global public health governance, effectively coordinate and mobilize global resources, and jointly respond to major global infectious diseases including new coronavirus infections.
(18) Maintain global food and energy security.
Strengthen action coordination, maintain the smooth operation of international agricultural trade, ensure the smooth flow of food production and supply chains, and avoid politicizing and weaponizing food security issues.
Strengthen international energy policy coordination, create a safe and stable environment for energy transportation, and jointly maintain the stability of the global energy market and energy prices.
(19) Comprehensively and effectively implement the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime.
Countries are encouraged to conclude or join relevant international treaties, conventions or agreements, or make institutional arrangements to combat transnational crimes.
Support the three United Nations anti-drug conventions, maintain the international anti-drug system, advocate coordination, responsibility sharing, and sincere cooperation among the international community to jointly respond to the challenges brought about by the drug problem and build a community of shared future for mankind that is not harmed by drugs.
Actively carry out law enforcement cooperation on the basis of respecting the sovereignty of all countries, and jointly improve law enforcement capabilities and security governance.
Support the establishment of a global training system to train more law enforcement personnel for developing countries to meet their own security needs.
(20) Support cooperation among countries in the fields of climate change, stable and unimpeded supply chains and industrial chains, accelerate the implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and promote sustainable security through sustainable development.
4. Cooperation Platform and Mechanism
(1) Use platforms such as the UN General Assembly and relevant committees, the Security Council, relevant agencies, and other relevant international and regional organizations to discuss and communicate extensively around peace and security issues in accordance with their respective responsibilities, put forward joint proposals, and bring together the consensus of the international community to deal with security challenges .
(2) Give full play to the role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, BRICS cooperation, CICA, "China + five Central Asian countries", East Asian cooperation-related mechanisms, etc., and gradually carry out security cooperation around the same or similar goals.
Promote the establishment of a multilateral dialogue platform in the Gulf region, and give full play to the role of coordination and cooperation mechanisms such as the Foreign Ministers' Meeting of Afghanistan's Neighboring Countries and the Horn of Africa Peace Conference, so as to promote peace and stability in the region and the world.
(3) Hold high-level events of the Global Security Initiative at an appropriate time, strengthen policy communication in the security field, promote intergovernmental dialogue and cooperation, and further unite the joint efforts of the international community to address security challenges.
(4) Support China-Africa Peace and Security Forum, Middle East Security Forum, Beijing Xiangshan Forum, Global Public Security Cooperation Forum (Lianyungang) and other international exchange and dialogue platforms to continue to make positive contributions to deepening exchanges and cooperation in the security field.
Encourage the creation of global security forums to provide new platforms for governments, international organizations, think tanks, and social organizations to take advantage of their respective advantages and participate in global security governance.
(5) Focusing on responding to security challenges in areas such as anti-terrorism, cyber, biology, and emerging technologies, build more platforms and mechanisms for international exchanges and cooperation, and jointly enhance non-traditional security governance capabilities.
Encourage exchanges and cooperation between higher military academies and higher police academies in various countries.
In the next five years, China is willing to provide 5,000 research and training places to developing countries around the world to train professionals and jointly address global security issues.
The Global Security Initiative upholds the principle of openness and inclusiveness, and welcomes and looks forward to the participation of all parties to jointly enrich the content of the initiative and actively explore new forms of cooperation in new fields.
China is willing to work hand in hand with all peace-loving and happiness-seeking countries and peoples in the world to deal with various traditional and non-traditional security challenges, to safeguard the peace and tranquility of the homeland of the earth, to jointly create a better future for mankind, and to let the torch of peace Passed down from generation to generation, the bell of peace resounds through the world.