◆ The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the strategy of coordinated regional development, major regional strategies, main functional area strategies, and new urbanization strategies should be implemented in depth, the layout of major productive forces should be optimized, and a regional economic layout and land space system with complementary advantages and high-quality development should be built .
This points out the direction and draws a blueprint for my country's promotion of regional coordinated development on the new journey.
◆ Based on solving the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development, through major regional strategies, combine different regional plates with important axes that span the east, middle and west, connect the north and the south, and communicate with domestic and foreign countries, so as to promote the continuous optimization of the regional development pattern and regional development Synergies continue to increase.
◆ The GDP of central and western regions will increase from 21.3% and 19.6% in 2012 to 22% and 21.1% in 2021.
◆ Heilongjiang, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, and Jilin, five major grain-producing provinces, will produce more than 40% of the country's total in 2021, effectively maintaining national food security.
◆ Over the past 10 years, my country’s urbanization rate has risen from 53.1% to 64.7%; since 2014, 130 million agricultural transfer populations have become urban residents; the per capita disposable income gap between urban and rural residents has dropped from 2.88:1 to 2.5:1; Coordinated development of cities, steady progress in the construction of urban agglomerations, continuous establishment and improvement of institutional mechanisms and policy systems for urban-rural integrated development...
◆ Issue an implementation plan for the establishment of a horizontal compensation mechanism for the entire basin of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, formulate guidance on ecological protection and compensation for the Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, and Taihu Lake basins, and establish a total of 13 cross-provincial watershed ecological protection compensation mechanisms by the end of 2021...
◆ Regional coordinated development is deeply integrated with the joint construction of the "Belt and Road", and the regional layout of open platforms such as free trade zones and free trade ports is further optimized.
In interconnection with the world, coordinated regional development provides stronger support for high-quality development.
Text | "Outlook" News Weekly reporter An Bei
my country has a vast territory and a large population, and the natural resource endowment varies greatly among regions.
Giving full play to the advantages of the socialist system and promoting coordinated regional development is a major issue that must be solved in the process of my country's modernization.
On April 26, 2018, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, clearly stated at a symposium on further promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt that to promote the development of a huge collective, we must properly handle our own development and coordinated development First, we must solve the problem of ideological understanding, and then work hard on the system, mechanism and policy measures to do a good job in the big article of "a game of chess" for regional coordinated development.
On August 26, 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the fifth meeting of the Central Finance and Economics Committee: "Under the new situation, to promote coordinated regional development, the general idea is to adjust and improve the regional policy system in accordance with objective economic laws and give full play to the comparative advantages of each region. , promote the rational flow and efficient aggregation of various elements, enhance the motivation for innovation and development, accelerate the construction of a high-quality development power system, enhance the economic and population carrying capacity of economically advantageous areas such as central cities and urban agglomerations, and strengthen the role of other regions in ensuring food security , ecological security, frontier security and other functions, forming a regional economic layout with complementary advantages and high-quality development.”
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has taken a long-term view and has taken the overall situation into consideration. He has continuously enriched and improved new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies for coordinated regional development, and promoted my country to accelerate the formation of a regional economic layout with complementary advantages and high-quality development, leading coordinated regional development. Historic achievements and historic changes.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the strategy of coordinated regional development, major regional strategies, main functional area strategies, and new urbanization strategies should be implemented in depth, the layout of major productive forces should be optimized, and a regional economic layout and land space system with complementary advantages and high-quality development should be built.
This points out the direction and draws a blueprint for my country's promotion of regional coordinated development on the new journey.
Today, on a vast land of 9.6 million square kilometers, the high-quality development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is becoming more and more important. The development gap continues to narrow, and the key role of important functional areas becomes more prominent.
[New ideas for planning regional coordinated development]
"Promote the formation of a new pattern in the development of the western region, promote new breakthroughs in the overall revitalization of the Northeast, accelerate the rise of the central region, and encourage the modernization of the eastern region" "Promote the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, and promote Ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin" "Promote the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and support Hong Kong and Macao to better integrate into the overall development of the country" "Promote new urbanization centered on people"...Take high-quality development as a comprehensive construction of socialism The primary task of a modernized country, the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made arrangements for promoting coordinated regional development.
Plan the layout, and gradually introduce major regional strategies.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, focusing on the new situation and new problems of my country's regional development, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has taken charge of the overall situation and proposed a series of new ideas, new ideas and new strategies on regional economic development and space governance, planning, Deployed and promoted a series of major regional strategies——
The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has taken solid steps, breakthroughs have been made in relieving Beijing's non-capital functions, Xiong'an New District has entered a stage of large-scale construction, and the construction of Beijing's urban sub-center has achieved remarkable results;
The development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt adheres to the joint efforts of major protection and not large-scale development. The protection and restoration of the ecological environment system has achieved remarkable results, and a turning point has occurred, realizing protection in development and development in protection;
The construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area continues to advance, and hard and soft connectivity is continuously strengthened, playing an important role in supporting the integration of Hong Kong and Macao into the overall development of the country;
The process of regional integration in the Yangtze River Delta is accelerating, and an integrated pattern of policy coordination, industrial cooperation, facility co-construction, service sharing, and reasonable division of labor is gradually formed;
The ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin have started solidly, and major projects in the fields of pollution prevention and control, ecological protection and restoration, and deep water conservation and water control have been implemented in depth...
On the land of China, guided by major regional strategies, an all-round, multi-level, and multi-form regional linkage pattern has gradually formed, promoting economic and social development to a more balanced and higher level.
"Based on solving the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development, through major regional strategies, combine different regional plates with important axes that span the east, middle and west, connect the north and the south, and communicate with domestic and foreign countries, so as to promote the continuous optimization of the regional development pattern and regional development. The synergy is constantly increasing." said Hou Yongzhi, director of the Development Strategy and Regional Economic Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council.
Complementary advantages, serving the overall situation with regional development.
my country's economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development, which puts forward new requirements for coordinated regional development.
We cannot simply require all regions to achieve the same level of economic development, but should follow the path of rational division of labor and optimized development according to the conditions of each region.
Plan the region from the global perspective, and use the region to serve the global situation.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, the thinking of regional coordinated development in my country has become clearer and the layout has been more perfect——
Respect objective laws, concentrate industries and populations in advantageous areas, form a growth power source with urban agglomerations as the main form, and then drive overall economic efficiency;
To give full play to comparative advantages, areas with good economic development conditions will carry more industries and population, and play a role in value creation. Areas with strong ecological functions must be effectively protected, more ecological products will be created, and the development capabilities of border areas will be enhanced so that they will have a certain population. and economic support to promote national unity and frontier stability;
Improve spatial governance, divide policy units according to the main function positioning, formulate differentiated policies for key development areas, ecologically fragile areas, and energy resource areas, and implement policies according to classification.
The mechanism is effective to ensure that the coordinated development of the region is deepened and solid.
Around the in-depth implementation of major regional strategies, a leading group was established at the central level to provide overall guidance, the Party Central Committee and the State Council issued programmatic documents to provide fundamental guidance for the implementation of the strategy, the central government increased financial support, and established leading group offices in relevant departments to undertake daily work. The government has set up corresponding agencies to promote the implementation.
Over the past 10 years, my country's regional development pattern has undergone profound changes and made historic achievements——
The relative gap in regional development continued to narrow, and coordination was gradually enhanced.
The GDP of the central and western regions will increase from 21.3% and 19.6% in 2012 to 22% and 21.1% in 2021.
The role of the engine in the power source area continues to increase.
In 2021, the total GDP of the nine cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will exceed 40% of the country's total, playing an important role as a ballast for the national economy, a source of high-quality development, and a test field for reform.
The key role of important functional areas is more obvious.
The five major grain-producing provinces of Heilongjiang, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, and Jilin will produce more than 40% of the country's output in 2021, effectively maintaining national food security; a number of comprehensive development and utilization bases for energy resources have been built in key areas; the "Chinese Water Tower" on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau The protection work has been solidly advanced, the Three Rivers Source National Park was formally established, and the water quality of the main streams of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River is generally good.
Special types of areas have achieved revitalization and development; the level of equalization of basic public services has been continuously improved; the degree of access to infrastructure has become more balanced; 1.7, 1.29, 1.1 down to 1.63, 1.11, 1.07 in 2021…
"We must uphold and strengthen the overall leadership of the party", "we must respect objective laws", "we must insist on putting the people at the center", "we must coordinate development and security" - Xiao Weiming, Director of the Regional Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that this is more than 10 years Four important enlightenments drawn from the practice of promoting coordinated regional development.
[Grasp the dialectics of coordinated regional development]
Imbalance is common, and relative balance should be promoted in development.
This is the dialectic of coordinated regional development.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has grasped the dialectics of regional coordinated development, deeply promoted regional coordinated development, and injected strong impetus into high-quality development.
——The implementation of major regional strategies has been accelerated, and the construction of an important driving force system for high-quality development has been accelerated.
On November 23, 2022, the unveiling and launching ceremony of China Railway Industry Cluster was held in Xiong'an New Area. This is the first central enterprise industrial cluster to settle in Xiong'an New Area.
On November 25, the main structure of the Xiongan Xuanwu Hospital (investment part of the new area) project was fully capped.
An important place in Gyeonggi, bordering on the Bohai Sea, it embraces the "Three Norths" and is an important engine for the northern region to drive China's economic development.
However, the two poles of Beijing and Tianjin are too "fat", and the surrounding small and medium-sized cities are too "thin".
The planning and construction of Xiong'an New Area is a key move to focus on further promoting the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development strategy, and to build a place where Beijing's non-capital functions are concentrated.
Today's Xiong'an New District is full of tower cranes and is in full swing. It has entered the stage of taking over Beijing's non-capital functions and advancing construction simultaneously.
The headquarters of the three state-owned enterprises, China Star Network, Sinochem, and China Huaneng, have all entered the construction site. China Mineral Resources Group has completed the site selection of the headquarters. The first batch of evacuated sites for 4 universities and 2 hospitals affiliated to ministries and commissions in Beijing have been fully settled. The Chinese Academy of Sciences A number of market-oriented deconstruction projects such as the Xiong'an Innovation Research Institute have started construction... The construction of the future city of Xiong'an New District has been accelerated, and various deconstruction work has been progressing steadily and orderly.
Since the establishment of the new district, a total of 240 key projects have been planned and promoted, with an estimated total investment of more than 800 billion yuan and a cumulative investment of over 490 billion yuan, which has strongly supported the current economic growth and laid a solid foundation for high-quality development.
Firmly grasp the "niubi" of Beijing's non-capital functions, build the Xiong'an New Area with high standards and high quality, and promote the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to a higher level; adhere to the strategic orientation of jointly focusing on large-scale protection and not engaging in large-scale development, and continue to deepen the ecological environment Protect and restore the environmental system, strive to build the Yangtze River Economic Belt into the main battlefield of my country's ecological priority and green development, unblock the domestic and international dual circulation aorta, and lead the main force of high-quality economic development; actively and steadily promote the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and promote Hong Kong and Macao. Integrating into the overall situation of national development, create a dynamic and internationally competitive first-class bay area and world-class urban agglomeration; promote the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta to a new level, and strive to achieve new breakthroughs in several key areas; promote ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin Development, overall planning and promotion of comprehensive governance, systemic governance, and source governance of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, and fundamentally improve the ecological environment quality of the Yellow River Basin...
Focus on achieving strategic goals and enhancing the ability to lead and drive, promote new breakthroughs in major regional strategies, and create a strong engine for coordinated regional development.
——The policy system for the coordinated development of major regional sectors is more complete, and a relative balance is promoted in the development.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country has implemented the regional coordinated development strategy in depth, "Several Opinions on the Comprehensive Revitalization of Northeast Regions and Other Old Industrial Bases", "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of Western China in the New Era and Forming a New Pattern", "On Promoting Central China in the New Era Programmatic documents such as "Opinions on High-Quality Development in the Region" have been issued successively, promoting the development of the western region to form a new pattern, promoting the revitalization of the Northeast to achieve new breakthroughs, creating a new situation for the rise of the central region, encouraging the eastern region to accelerate modernization, and regional coordinated development to deepen and solidify , Converging into a grand picture of the high-quality development of China's economy.
Promote the equalization of basic public services, improve the infrastructure network, accelerate the restoration of the ecological environment, and create new advantages for development... In the transformation and breakthrough towards high-quality development, the central and western regions with a better structure and more vitality are releasing strong growth potential.
The status of the "ballast stone" of food security has been further consolidated, reforms in key areas have been deepened, the business environment has continued to be optimized, innovation-driven endogenous power has been continuously stimulated, the level of economic opening has been gradually improved, and green development and coordinated development have been accelerated. A number of key projects have been deployed in fields such as petrochemicals and new kinetic energy cultivation, and the stamina of economic development has continued to increase... Positive progress has been made in the economic and social development of the Northeast region.
Give full play to the advantages of gathering innovative elements, take the lead in realizing industrial upgrading, participate in international economic cooperation and competition at a higher level, and take the lead in establishing an all-round open economic system... The eastern region continues to take new steps in achieving high-quality development.
——A new type of urbanization with people as the core is accelerating, and new space for development is constantly being expanded in the integrated development of urban and rural areas.
Urbanization is the only way to modernization.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country has focused on the urbanization of people, paid more attention to improving the urbanization rate of the registered population, paid more attention to the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas, paid more attention to the livable environment and the inheritance of historical context, and paid more attention to improving the quality of life of the people. gain and happiness.
In the past 10 years, my country's urbanization rate has risen from 53.1% to 64.7%; since 2014, 130 million agricultural transfer population has become urban residents; the gap between urban and rural residents' per capita disposable income has dropped from 2.88:1 to 2.5:1; large, medium and small cities Coordinated development, the construction of urban agglomerations is progressing steadily, and the institutional mechanisms and policy systems for urban-rural integration development are constantly being established and improved...
The county seat is an important support for the integrated development of urban and rural areas.
Promoting urbanization with counties as important carriers was included in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. This is to guide the urbanization of the agricultural transfer population nearby, improve the spatial layout of urbanization for the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns, expand domestic demand, and ensure a better life for the people. important measures.
In the process of coordinated development between urban and rural areas, the potential of China's economic development has been continuously released, the synergy and integrity of development have been continuously enhanced, and the internal depth of development has become increasingly broad.
【Towards a higher level and higher quality】
To embark on a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, and to promote coordinated regional development to a higher level and higher quality, it is necessary to fully, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, and further enhance the coordination, linkage and integrity of regional development. Open up the meridians and create a new situation for the coordinated development of the region.
In promoting coordinated regional development, reform and innovation will break down regional divisions and barriers of interest, and provide inexhaustible impetus for high-quality development——
The Xin'an River, originating in Huangshan City, Anhui Province, is the largest inbound river in Zhejiang Province and an important ecological barrier in Anhui, Zhejiang and even the Yangtze River Delta.
In 2012, Anhui and Zhejiang provinces launched the country's first inter-provincial watershed ecological compensation mechanism pilot project in Xin'an River, and established a compensation standard system in accordance with the principle of "whoever benefits will be compensated, and whoever protects will be compensated".
The two provinces agreed that if the annual water quality reaches the standard, Zhejiang will compensate Anhui, otherwise Anhui will compensate Zhejiang.
Establish a mechanism for mutual visits and consultations between upstream and downstream of the river basin, and build a long-term mechanism for financial support for ecological protection... In the past 10 years, three rounds of pilot reforms have been carried out. With the construction of systems and mechanisms as the guarantee, the two provinces of Anhui and Zhejiang have embarked on a "upstream initiative to strengthen protection, downstream support upstream development" "The road of mutual benefit and win-win.
Between the central government and local governments, between provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, and between central departments... In the process of promoting high-quality development, breaking down regional divisions and barriers of interests, coordinated development is a bottleneck and a breakthrough.
It is fundamentally necessary to deepen reforms.
In March 2016, the 22nd meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform reviewed and approved the "Opinions on Improving the Compensation Mechanism for Ecological Protection", which clearly stated that beneficiaries should pay and protectors should be compensated reasonably, so as to promote the benign environment of protectors and beneficiaries. Interaction, mobilize the enthusiasm of the whole society to protect the ecological environment.
Issue an implementation plan for the establishment of a horizontal compensation mechanism for the entire Yangtze River and Yellow River basins, formulate guidance on ecological protection compensation for Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, and Taihu Lake basins, and establish a total of 13 cross-provincial watershed ecological protection compensation mechanisms by the end of 2021...Relevant departments and local governments Effectively increase compensation for ecological protection, and initially establish an ecological protection compensation system in line with my country's national conditions.
Accelerate the construction of a unified national market, start the implementation of national pooling of basic endowment insurance, reform the land management system, improve the dual control system for energy consumption, and improve the fiscal transfer payment system...Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country has continued to deepen reforms, starting from various aspects Get rid of the chronic diseases that hinder the coordinated development of regions.
In November 2018, the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Establishing a More Effective New Mechanism for Regional Coordinated Development" was announced.
Improve the market integration development mechanism, deepen the regional cooperation mechanism, optimize the regional mutual assistance mechanism, improve the inter-regional interest compensation mechanism, innovate the regional policy regulation mechanism, and improve the regional development guarantee mechanism... In the continuous deepening of reform, the overall planning is strong, the competition is orderly, A new mechanism for coordinated regional development featuring green coordination, sharing and win-win results has been accelerated.
In promoting coordinated regional development, high-level opening up creates new advantages, and the vitality of high-quality development is more abundant.
On the morning of January 6, the first New Year Railway-Sea Combined Transport Train in 2023, train x9574, departed from Qinzhou, Guangxi.
The train, loaded with instant noodles, dried bananas, edible vegetable oil, coconut milk and other ASEAN special New Year's goods, arrived in Chongqing two days later, and then transferred to the terminal market for consumers to purchase.
Located in the hinterland of western my country, it is connected to the Silk Road Economic Belt in the north, the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road in the south, and the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Has an important strategic position.
In 2022, China-Europe trains will run 16,000 trains throughout the year, sending 1.6 million TEUs, a year-on-year increase of 9% and 10% respectively; Western Land-Sea New Corridor trains will send 756,000 TEUs, a year-on-year increase of 18.5%... Regional coordinated development is at the same time The joint construction of the "Belt and Road" will be deeply integrated, and the regional layout of open platforms such as free trade zones and free trade ports will be further optimized.
In interconnection with the world, coordinated regional development provides stronger support for high-quality development.
"To promote coordinated regional development and solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development, we must focus on reform, opening up and innovation, and strive to deepen reform and exploration, innovate systems and mechanisms, and stimulate market vitality, and continue to explore and accumulate experience that can be replicated and promoted. , high-starting planning, high-standard construction, high-quality development, and high-level opening up.” said Zhang Zhanbin, dean of the School of Marxism at the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (National School of Administration).
Coordinated regional development is a chess game that focuses on the overall situation, connects the east, west, north and south, and coordinates domestic and foreign development.
It is necessary to fight the tough battle, break through the barriers of interests, build a long-term mechanism, stimulate endogenous motivation, cultivate innovation vitality, and build a strong engine for high-quality development in the process of overcoming obstacles;
To fight a protracted war, we must not only do a good job in the top-level design, follow a blueprint to the end, but also use the realm of "success does not depend on me" and insist on the responsibility of "success must depend on me", and advance steadily and step by step.
Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, promoting coordinated regional development will surely achieve higher quality, more efficient, fairer, and more sustainable development in all regions, and will accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and promote high-quality development. Provide surging power.
Published in "Outlook" Issue 7, 2023
"How much do you know about major regional strategies"
Sources: "The 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and Outline of Long-term Goals for 2035", "Outline of the Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council", "Outline of the Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council "Outline of the Yangtze River Delta Regional Integration Development Plan", "The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Yellow River Basin Ecological Protection and High-quality Development Plan Outline"", Xinhua News Agency, Xinhua News Agency 5G Rich Media Laboratory
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