The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Opinions on Strengthening the Work of Water and Soil Conservation in the New Era"

　　(Authorized to issue) The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Opinions on Strengthening the Work of Water and Soil Conservation in the New Era"

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 3. Recently, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Strengthening Water and Soil Conservation in the New Era" and issued a notice, requiring all regions and departments to implement it conscientiously in light of their actual conditions.

　　The full text of "Opinions on Strengthening Water and Soil Conservation Work in the New Era" is as follows.

　　Soil and water conservation is a fundamental measure for river protection and management, and an inevitable requirement for the construction of ecological civilization.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's soil and water conservation work has achieved remarkable results, and the area and intensity of soil erosion have continued to show a "double decline" trend.

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the promotion of green development and the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, which puts forward new and higher requirements for soil and water conservation.

In order to strengthen the work of water and soil conservation in the new era, the following opinions are hereby offered.

　　1. General requirements

　　(1) Guiding ideology.

Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, fully implement Xi Jinping’s thought on ecological civilization, fully, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, and conscientiously implement water-saving priority, Spatial balance, systematic governance, and two-handed water control ideas firmly establish and practice the concept that green water and lush mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains. With the theme of promoting high-quality development and the reform and innovation of systems and mechanisms as the starting point, we will accelerate the construction of party committee leadership, The work pattern of soil and water conservation with government responsibility, departmental coordination, and the participation of the whole society will comprehensively improve soil and water conservation functions and ecological product supply capabilities, and provide strong support for promoting the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.

　　(2) Work requirements

　　——Insist on ecological priority and protection first.

Respect nature, conform to nature, protect nature, transform from excessive intervention and overuse to natural restoration and recuperation, establish strict water and soil erosion prevention, protection and supervision systems, guard the boundaries of natural ecological security, and improve the quality and stability of ecosystems.

　　——Adhere to problem orientation and protect people's livelihood.

Adhere to the people-centered development idea, focus on solving the most direct and practical interests of the people in the field of water and soil conservation, give full play to the ecological, economic and social benefits of water and soil conservation, and continuously enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness, sense of security.

　　——Adhere to systematic governance and comprehensive policy implementation.

Starting from the integrity of the ecosystem and the systematic nature of the watershed, follow the laws of nature and objective laws, coordinate and promote the comprehensive management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, system management, and source management, adapt measures to local conditions, implement scientific policies, and persevere for a long time.

　　——Adhere to reform and innovation and stimulate vitality.

Adhere to both the government and the market, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, deepen the innovation of water and soil conservation systems and mechanisms, strengthen the system integration of reform measures, and implement precise policies to further enhance development momentum and vitality.

　　(3) Main objectives.

By 2025, the soil and water conservation system, mechanism and work system will be more complete, management efficiency will be further improved, man-made soil and water loss will be effectively controlled, water and soil loss in key areas will be effectively controlled, the situation of water and soil loss will continue to improve, and the national water and soil conservation rate will reach 73%.

By 2035, a systematic, coordinated and efficient soil and water conservation system and mechanism will be fully formed, man-made soil and water loss will be fully controlled, and water and soil loss in key areas will be fully controlled. The national water and soil conservation rate will reach 75%, and the water and soil conservation function of the ecosystem will be significantly enhanced.

　　2. Comprehensively strengthen the prevention and protection of soil erosion

　　(4) Focus on preventing and controlling the source of soil erosion.

In accordance with the requirements of national land space planning and use control, establish a water and soil conservation space control system and implement differentiated protection and management measures.

Incorporate areas with important ecological functions of water and soil conservation and areas sensitive to and vulnerable to soil erosion into the red line of ecological protection, implement strict management and control, and reduce the occupation of natural ecological space by human activities.

If the relevant planning involves infrastructure construction, mineral resources development, urban construction, public service facility construction, etc., and may cause water and soil erosion during the implementation process, countermeasures and measures for the prevention and control of water and soil erosion shall be put forward, and water administrative directors at the same level shall be consulted. Department opinion.

　　(5) Increase prevention and protection efforts in key areas.

Coordinate the layout and accelerate the implementation of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems, and promote regional integrated ecological protection and restoration of national key ecological function areas, ecological protection red lines, and nature reserves.

Focusing on areas such as the headwaters of rivers, important water sources, and interlaced areas of water erosion and wind erosion, the prevention and protection of water and soil erosion will be comprehensively implemented.

For areas that do not have the conditions for water and soil erosion control and are not suitable for development and utilization due to ecological protection, areas such as high-cold and high-altitude freeze-thaw erosion, concentrated contiguous desertified land and wind erosion, strengthen enclosure protection.

　　(6) Improve the water and soil conservation function of the ecosystem.

Consolidate and improve the quality and stability of forest and grassland ecosystems as the focus of water and soil erosion prevention and protection, strictly prohibit illegal reclamation, strengthen the protection and restoration of natural forests and grasslands, implement the grassland grazing prohibition and rest grazing and the balance between grass and livestock, and give full play to forest, grass, water and soil. Keep functioning.

Focusing on protecting the farmland ecosystem, improve the fallow and rotation system of cultivated land, strengthen the protection and improvement of cultivated land quality, promote the construction of high-standard farmland, improve the irrigation and drainage system of farmland, build farmland shelterbelts according to local conditions, and improve soil retention capacity.

Implement urban renewal actions, promote urban water and soil conservation and ecological restoration, strengthen the protection of mountains, forests, water bodies, and wetlands, maintain the authenticity and integrity of landscape ecology, and promote the construction of green cities.

　　3. Strict regulation of man-made water and soil loss according to law

　　(7) Improve the supervision system and standards.

Implement the water and soil conservation plan system for production and construction projects in accordance with the law, and strengthen the supervision of the entire chain and process.

According to the characteristics of different regions and different industries, differentiated and targeted requirements shall be clarified, and classification and precise supervision shall be carried out.

Improve the standards for the prevention and control of water and soil erosion in production and construction activities such as agricultural and forestry development, and implement supervision in strict accordance with the standards.

Deepen the reform of "decentralization, management and service", continue to promote the standardization, standardization, and facilitation of water and soil conservation approval services, further optimize the business environment, and cultivate and stimulate the vitality of market players.

　　(8) Innovate and improve the supervision methods.

Establish a new type of supervision mechanism based on remote sensing supervision as the basic means, key supervision as a supplement, and credit supervision as the basis.

Carry out remote sensing supervision of water and soil conservation with full coverage and normalization, comprehensive monitoring, timely discovery, and accurate judgment of man-made water and soil loss, and strictly investigate and deal with relevant violations of laws and regulations in accordance with laws and regulations.

Increase the punishment for ecological damage that causes water and soil erosion, and strictly investigate the liability for compensation for ecological and environmental damage in accordance with laws and regulations for those who cause ecological and environmental damage.

Fully implement the credit evaluation of water and soil conservation.

Deeply promote "Internet + supervision", and actively promote remote video supervision based on independent monitoring by enterprises.

Strengthen the tracking and early warning of man-made soil erosion risks, improve the precision and intelligence of supervision, and promote the realization of no risk, no disturbance, low risk warning, and medium and high risk strict monitoring.

　　(9) Strengthen coordinated supervision.

Strengthen interdepartmental coordinated supervision and joint law enforcement, establish and improve systems for sharing supervisory information, interconnecting clues to violations, and reporting and transferring cases.

Strengthen the connection between water and soil conservation administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, and cooperate with procuratorial public interest litigation, and give full play to the role of judicial protection and supervision.

Improve the communication mechanism with the discipline inspection and supervision organs, and promptly transfer the clues to the suspected violations of discipline and law by party members, cadres and public officials to the discipline inspection and supervision organs for handling.

Channels for public supervision and reporting shall be unblocked, and the role of social supervision shall be brought into play.

Strengthen the capacity building of water and soil conservation supervision, improve the level of specialization and the ability to apply modern scientific and technological means, and ensure the necessary funding and equipment input.

　　(10) Strengthen the implementation of corporate responsibility.

Production and construction units should fulfill their responsibilities for water and soil erosion prevention and control in accordance with the law, and strictly implement the "three simultaneous" requirements for water and soil conservation (water and soil conservation facilities should be designed, constructed, and put into operation at the same time as the main project).

Vigorously promote green design and green construction, strictly control the occupation of cultivated land and surface disturbance, strictly prohibit indiscriminate digging, random dumping, and comprehensively implement the requirements for topsoil resource protection, waste residue reduction and comprehensive utilization, and minimize possible soil erosion .

The competent departments of production and construction projects should strengthen industry guidance in a targeted manner.

　　4. Accelerate the key control of water and soil loss

　　(11) Comprehensively promote the comprehensive management of small watersheds to improve quality and efficiency.

Coordinate production and living ecology, and comprehensively carry out comprehensive control of small watersheds in key areas of water and soil erosion, such as the upper and middle reaches of large rivers, the black soil area in the Northeast, the karst area in the Southwest, the source area of ​​the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

All localities should incorporate the comprehensive treatment of small watersheds into economic and social development plans and rural revitalization plans, establish an overall coordination mechanism, and use the watershed water system as a unit to promote the integration of the whole ditch, the whole village, the whole township, and the whole county.

With the goal of green mountains, clean water, beautiful villages and rich people, focusing on water systems, villages and surrounding towns, vigorously promote the construction of ecologically clean small watersheds, promote the comprehensive management of small watersheds and improve comprehensive agricultural production capacity, develop characteristic industries, improve The organic combination of the rural human settlements provides more and better ecological products with soil and water conservation functions.

　　(12) Vigorously promote the control of soil and water loss in sloping farmland.

Focus on farmland protection, food security, and non-point source pollution prevention and control, focusing on grain production functional areas and important agricultural product production protection areas, vigorously implement soil erosion control projects on sloping farmland, and improve construction standards and quality.

Accelerate the promotion of water and soil erosion control of sloping cultivated land in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, improve field roads, slope water systems and other supporting measures according to local conditions, and improve the quality and efficiency of cultivated land.

Promote the construction of dry farming terraces on the Loess Plateau, strengthen the storage and utilization of rainwater, and develop efficient dry farming agriculture.

Intensify efforts to control soil erosion in sloping farmland and eroded ditches in the black soil areas of Northeast China, coordinate the promotion of conservation tillage and the construction of high-standard farmland, and protect black soil resources.

In areas where conditions permit, the control of water and soil erosion on gentle slope farmland and the construction of high-standard farmland should be planned and implemented simultaneously.

　　(13) Do a good job in the control of soil erosion in concentrated source areas of sediment.

Focusing on reducing the sediment entering the river and entering the reservoir, we will focus on the comprehensive management of the sandy and coarse sand areas of the Yellow River, especially the concentrated source areas of coarse sediment, vigorously carry out the construction of high-standard check dams on the Loess Plateau, and strengthen the elimination of dangerous check dams Reinforcement and upgrading of old check dams, implementation of ditch consolidation projects.

Actively promote the comprehensive management of collapsing hills in the southern hilly and mountainous areas, and protect and rationally utilize water and soil resources.

　　5. Improving the ability and level of water and soil conservation management

　　(14) Improve the water and soil conservation planning system.

Implement the national water and soil conservation plan, formulate the national water and soil conservation plan for important river basins, and promote the coordinated management of the upper, middle and lower reaches, left and right banks, and main and tributary streams.

Local governments at all levels should formulate or revise the water and soil conservation plans of their administrative regions in a timely manner based on the national and river basin water and soil conservation plans, reasonably determine the goals of water and soil conservation, and clarify the layout and tasks of water and soil erosion prevention and control.

Strengthen planning and implementation tracking, monitoring and evaluation.

　　(15) Improve the construction and management mechanism of water and soil conservation projects.

Innovate the organization and implementation methods of key water and soil erosion control projects, and optimize the project approval procedures.

Actively promote construction models such as rewards instead of subsidies and work instead of relief, give full play to the role of village-level organizations, land users, and contractors, and support and guide social capital and the people in the governance area to participate in project construction.

Improve the management and protection system of governance results, and in accordance with the principles of "whoever uses it, manages it" and "who benefits, who is responsible", clarify the main body of management and protection, and implement management and protection responsibilities.

Establish a mechanism for apportionment of project operation and maintenance costs by the government and beneficiaries.

　　(16) Strengthen the assessment of water and soil conservation.

Implement the local government's soil and water conservation target responsibility system and assessment reward and punishment system, and use the assessment results as an important reference for the comprehensive assessment and evaluation of leading groups and leading cadres, accountability, and natural resource asset resignation audits.

Units and individuals with outstanding achievements in soil and water conservation shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with relevant state regulations.

　　(17) Strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of water and soil conservation.

Build a soil and water conservation monitoring system based on monitoring stations, with regular dynamic monitoring as the mainstay and supplemented by regular surveys, improve the national and key regional soil erosion models, deepen monitoring evaluation and forecasting and early warning, and give full play to the role of soil and water conservation monitoring in ecosystem protection. Important role in effectiveness monitoring and evaluation.

Optimize the network layout of water and soil conservation monitoring stations, clarify the central and local expenditure responsibilities according to the division of powers, and improve the operating mechanism.

Carry out dynamic monitoring of water and soil loss across the country on an annual basis, and timely and quantitatively grasp the status of water and soil loss and the effectiveness of prevention and control in administrative regions at all levels and key river basins and regions across the country.

Establish a measurement system for soil and water conservation monitoring equipment to ensure the quality of monitoring data.

　　(18) Strengthen scientific and technological innovation in water and soil conservation.

Promote the in-depth integration of modern information technologies such as remote sensing, big data, and cloud computing with soil and water conservation, strengthen information sharing and inter-departmental interconnection of water and soil conservation supervision and monitoring, and improve the level of digital, networked, and intelligent management.

Focus on the law and mechanism of soil erosion, the relationship between soil and water conservation and water and sediment, and the carbon sink capacity of soil and water conservation, etc., to strengthen basic research and key technology research.

Support the construction of scientific and technological innovation platforms such as key laboratories in the field of water and soil conservation, field scientific observation and research stations, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and technology promotion.

　　6. Safeguard measures

　　(19) Strengthen organizational leadership.

Adhere to and strengthen the party's overall leadership over soil and water conservation work, and implement a working mechanism in which the central government makes overall plans, provinces take overall responsibility, and cities, counties and townships implement them.

Local party committees and governments at all levels must earnestly shoulder the responsibility for soil and water conservation, further strengthen organizational, team, and system building, clarify goals, tasks, and specific measures, promote the resolution of key and difficult issues, and ensure that the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council are implemented.

　　(20) Strengthen overall planning and coordination.

Establish an inter-ministerial coordination mechanism for soil and water conservation, strengthen coordination and cooperation, and form a joint force.

The Ministry of Water Resources must earnestly perform the duties of the competent department, play a leading role in organizing and coordinating, strengthen the unified planning, unified governance, and unified management of river basin management agencies, and strengthen the joint prevention, control, and joint management of water and soil erosion across regions.

Development and reform, finance, natural resources, ecological environment, agriculture and rural areas, forestry and grasslands and other departments must do a good job in relevant work according to the division of responsibilities, strengthen policy support and coordination, and promote the implementation of key tasks.

Local governments at all levels should establish and improve coordination mechanisms, study and solve important problems, and do a good job in supervising their implementation.

　　(21) Strengthen investment guarantee.

The central government will continue to support soil and water conservation.

Local governments at all levels should raise funds through multiple channels to ensure investment in soil and water conservation.

Comprehensively use policies such as property rights incentives and financial support to support and guide social capital and qualified farmers' cooperatives, family farms and other new agricultural business entities to carry out water and soil erosion control.

Relevant implementation entities that carry out centralized and contiguous water and soil erosion control to a certain scale and the expected goal of ecological restoration are allowed to obtain a certain share of natural resource asset use rights in accordance with laws and regulations, and engage in related industrial development.

The cultivated land that can be used stably for a long time formed by the siltation of the check dam, the erosion ditch, the collapse of the hillock, and the control of rocky desertification shall be used for the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation according to the procedures.

Establish a value realization mechanism for soil and water conservation ecological products, and study the inclusion of soil and water conservation carbon sinks in the greenhouse gas voluntary emission reduction trading mechanism.

Develop and improve soil and water conservation carbon sink capacity evaluation indicators and accounting methods, and improve the water and soil conservation standard system.

Encourage and guide citizens, legal persons and other organizations to participate in soil and water conservation in the form of donations and funding.

　　(22) Strengthen publicity and education.

Adopt various forms to widely carry out publicity and education on water and soil conservation, and popularize laws, regulations and related systems on water and soil conservation.

Strengthen the discipline construction of water and soil conservation.

Incorporate soil and water conservation into the national education system and the training system for party and government leaders, strengthen interpretation of laws and warnings with cases, and guide the whole society to strengthen awareness of water and soil conservation.

Carry out the establishment of national water and soil conservation demonstrations, and strengthen the popularization of water and soil conservation science and cultural construction.

Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation, and tell the "Chinese story" of soil and water conservation.