Recently, in order to deepen the governance of non-disciplinary off-campus training, thirteen departments including the Ministry of Education issued the "Opinions on Regulating Non-disciplinary Off-Campus Training for Primary and Secondary School Students" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"). People answered questions from reporters on issues related to the Opinions.
1. What is the background of the "Opinions"?
Answer: "Double reduction" is a major decision-making arrangement made by the Party Central Committee and the State Council.
Since July 2021, when the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Reducing the Homework Burden of Compulsory Education Students and the Burden of Off-campus Training" (hereinafter referred to as the "Double Reduction" Opinions), all localities and departments have increased their political standing. In this position, strong overall planning and promotion have been implemented, and various important tasks and measures have been implemented successively, and phased work progress has been achieved.
While disciplinary training institutions can be reduced and managed, the problems of non-disciplinary training institutions are prominent. Some institutions lack qualifications and quality is difficult to guarantee; some institutions over-market and seize the market, creating anxiety for no reason; These situations have violated the legal rights and interests of students and parents, and the people have great opinions on this.
Therefore, while resolutely consolidating the governance achievements of disciplinary training, we must pay attention to synchronously standardizing non-disciplinary training, responding to social concerns and expectations in a timely manner, so that non-disciplinary training can return to the beneficial supplementary orientation of school education as soon as possible, and satisfy the diversity of the people. needs, and continuously enhance the people's sense of happiness, security, and gain.
2. What practices and explorations have been made on non-disciplinary training governance?
Answer: The central government's "Double Reduction" Opinion includes both disciplinary training governance and non-disciplinary training governance.
In the previous stage, while carrying out comprehensive and in-depth governance focusing on disciplinary training governance, the Ministry of Education, in conjunction with relevant departments, deployed non-disciplinary training governance simultaneously, laying the foundation for the next step of governance.
At the central level, first, all departments work together.
The Ministry of Education, together with the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Administration for Market Regulation, will study and judge the situation, issue announcements, deploy investigations, clarify relevant policy requirements, and strengthen industry guidance.
The General Administration of Sports, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and other departments issued special management documents to strengthen industry management.
The second is to strengthen price management.
In response to the issue of price fairness that the people are most concerned about, special arrangements have been made during the winter and summer vacations to carry out special investigations and rectifications on non-disciplinary training fees, and to seriously investigate and punish malicious price increases.
Strengthen price monitoring with the National Development and Reform Commission, continue to carry out non-disciplinary training service market price monitoring in 10 cities including Beijing and Shanghai, and announce it to the public, and actively accept supervision.
The third is to strengthen content and personnel management.
Training materials and employee management measures have been issued successively, and non-disciplinary institutions have been checked and rectified simultaneously.
The fourth is to play the role of industry organizations.
The China Private Education Association led 68 non-disciplinary institutions to issue a joint initiative, calling on non-disciplinary institutions to adhere to public welfare attributes, improve service quality, and actively strengthen industry self-discipline.
At the local level, the first is to clarify the management department.
At present, 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps have specified the corresponding competent departments for sports, culture and art, science and technology training institutions.
The second is to introduce industry standards.
On the basis of clarifying the competent departments, 29 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps have issued standards for setting up non-disciplinary training institutions.
The third is to continue to investigate and deal with violations.
In response to various violations, various localities and departments have continuously innovated and unblocked reporting and complaint channels, increased joint law enforcement efforts, seriously investigated and dealt with non-disciplinary training violations, and ensured the overall stability of the non-disciplinary training industry.
However, we should also see that the governance of non-disciplinary training is still in its infancy. There are more than 100 types of training in culture, sports, science and technology in the market, involving multiple industry sectors, and urgently need to be further standardized. A systematic document is needed. To deploy and guide the next reform.
3. What kind of development process did the "Opinions" go through?
Answer: The governance of non-disciplinary training involves a wide range of areas. The Ministry of Education and relevant departments attach great importance to it. During the development of the "Opinions", they fully listened to the opinions of all parties, carefully summarized the experience and practices of various places, and studied the current laws and regulations in depth, so as to achieve cohesion Consensus, brainstorming.
The first is to carry out policy argumentation.
The Ministry of Education and other departments earnestly studied the suggestions and proposals of deputies to the National People's Congress and members of the CPPCC on standardizing non-disciplinary training, convened relevant experts many times to listen to opinions and suggestions, and established a special working team to demonstrate relevant policies.
The second is to carry out large-scale research.
Commissioned a professional organization to conduct a large-scale survey of non-disciplinary training institutions in 4 first-tier cities of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and 7 provinces in eastern, central and western regions such as Zhejiang, Henan, and Sichuan, sorted out the current problems in non-disciplinary training, and analyzed Causes, find countermeasures.
The third is to form the first draft of the document.
On the basis of in-depth research and demonstration, in accordance with the requirements of the central government's "Double Reduction Opinions" and relevant laws and policies, adhere to law-based governance, problem-oriented, focus on norms, strengthen guidance, summarize and refine effective practices in various places, and draft the first draft of the document.
The fourth is to extensively solicit opinions and suggestions.
During the drafting process and after the opinion draft of the "Opinions" was formed, the opinions and suggestions of representatives of relevant central departments, local education and related departments, and training institutions were extensively solicited, and the "Opinions" were continuously revised and improved.
4. What is the general idea of standardizing non-disciplinary training?
Answer: The "Opinions" are not intended to prohibit non-disciplinary training, but to speed up the standardization of non-disciplinary training, making it a useful supplement to school education and promoting the all-round development and healthy growth of students.
There are several important working principles: First, insist on serving and educating people, strengthen the public welfare attributes of non-disciplinary training, improve the quality of training, and promote it to play an active role in developing students' interests and talents and expanding their comprehensive quality; second, insist on problem-oriented, focus on Solve the problems of non-disciplinary training in terms of standards, prices, safety, and quality, and effectively respond to the concerns of the masses; the third is to adhere to internal and external linkages, coordinate internal and external schools, strengthen the main role of school education, and improve the participation of non-disciplinary training institutions in schools The after-school service supervision mechanism forms the list of training institutions and service items and the introduction fee standard; the fourth is to adhere to departmental coordination, and improve the coordination mechanism of joint management, efficient linkage and close cooperation of all departments under the unified leadership of the local party committee and government, and form a Work together.
The "Opinions" determined the non-disciplinary training governance goals that are basically consistent with the progress of the "double reduction" work: by the end of June 2023, the non-disciplinary training policy and system system in various places will be basically established, the normalized supervision mechanism will be basically sound, and the people will report Strong outstanding problems have been basically resolved; by 2024, when the three-year "double reduction" task is handed over, non-disciplinary training has achieved remarkable results, the burden of family expenditures has been effectively reduced, and non-disciplinary training has become a beneficial supplement to school education. Satisfaction with education has increased significantly.
5. How does the "Opinions" solve the problem of incomplete qualifications of non-disciplinary training institutions?
Answer: Lawful operation and licensed training are the basic requirements for market players in a society ruled by law. To manage non-disciplinary training institutions well, all localities must take complete licenses and qualified qualifications as the prerequisites for standardizing off-campus training.
In response to the low threshold for non-discipline training in some places, the "Opinion" clarifies that non-discipline training institutions and discipline training also implement the "certificate first and license later" system in accordance with relevant laws, regulations and policies, and must obtain a supervisor After obtaining the administrative permission of the department, legal person registration shall be carried out in accordance with the law.
The level of administrative licensing is consistent with that of subject-based training institutions. Online institutions are managed at the provincial level, and offline institutions are managed at the county level.
Due to the wide variety of non-disciplinary training and strong professionalism, it is stipulated that the corresponding provincial-level competent authorities should take the lead in formulating the basic setting standards for non-disciplinary training institutions in light of local conditions, set industry access thresholds, and ensure service quality.
6. How does the "Opinion" solve the quality problem of non-disciplinary training?
Answer: The physical and mental health of students in the process of participating in off-campus non-disciplinary training is the primary concern of the people.
In view of the uneven quality of non-disciplinary training, the "Opinions" require that the content of non-disciplinary training should be adapted to the age, physical fitness, and cognitive level of the trainees, in line with physical and mental characteristics and educational laws, and the training materials should be fully implemented "Administrative Measures for Primary and Secondary School Students' Off-campus Training Materials (Trial)" to ensure the correct direction of training.
At the same time, training institutions must fully implement the safety risk prevention requirements stipulated by the state, such as human defense, physical defense, and technical defense, establish a safety management system, conduct regular safety self-examinations, and eliminate hidden safety risks in a timely manner.
7. How does the "Opinions" solve the problem of lack of qualifications for non-disciplinary training practitioners?
Answer: Whether the practitioners of a training institution have the corresponding qualifications is an important criterion to measure whether an institution is formal.
In the "Administrative Measures for Practitioners of Off-campus Training Institutions (Trial)" issued by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security in September 2021, it is stipulated that non-disciplinary training practitioners must have corresponding professional (professional) ability certificates.
The competent departments of various industries actively regulate the qualification requirements of practitioners. For example, in the "Code of Conduct for Extracurricular Sports Training" issued by the General Administration of Sports in December 2021, it is clear that the coaches of the main body of extracurricular sports training should hold at least one of the following certificates: 1. 2. Professional qualification certificate for social sports instructors; 3. Sports skill level certificate issued by the national individual sports association; 4. Physical education teacher qualification certificate; 5. Issued by a talent evaluation agency determined by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security 6. Relevant certificates approved by sports administrative departments at or above the provincial level.
At the same time, each province has also made detailed regulations on the qualifications required for practitioners in the standards for setting up non-disciplinary training institutions.
Regarding the qualification of practitioners, the "Opinions" not only require that the personnel hired to engage in training work must have the corresponding occupational (professional) ability in sports, culture and art, science and technology, or have the corresponding type of teacher qualification certificate, but also stipulate specific occupations (Professional) competency and qualification standards can be specified by competent departments at or above the provincial level, so that each department and each province can implement them in detail.
In addition, in the special governance of art test training institutions currently being carried out by education, public security, market supervision and other departments, the verification of the qualifications of practitioners is also an important content, and practitioners who do not meet the requirements will be removed according to law.
8. How does the "Opinion" solve the price problem of non-disciplinary training?
Answer: "High quality and low price" is the most simple consumption concept of the people.
To run non-disciplinary training that satisfies the people, we must put ensuring reasonable pricing as the top priority.
In response to the price violations of some non-disciplinary training, the "Opinions" require non-disciplinary training institutions to adhere to the public welfare attributes, follow the principles of fairness, legality, honesty and credibility, and reasonably determine charging items and standards based on factors such as training costs and market supply and demand , control the frequency and range of price adjustments, and file with the competent authority.
At the same time, localities are encouraged to actively explore ways to guide training institutions to set reasonable prices by establishing price control intervals and publishing average training cost data.
By strengthening price management, prevent non-disciplinary training from excessively rising prices and other behaviors that infringe on the interests of the masses, and effectively reduce the financial burden on parents.
9. How does the "Opinions" solve the problems that the people are concerned about, such as "difficulty in refunding fees" and "running away with money"?
Answer: "Difficulty in refunding fees" and "running away with money" are the most distressing unscrupulous behaviors of businesses among the people.
Local authorities must stand firmly on the people's stand, fully consider the "vulnerable" position of the people in the "difficulty of refunding fees" and "running away with money", rigidly restrain institutions, attack with strong fists, and resolutely prevent and control them.
To solve problems such as "difficulty in refunding fees" and "running away with money", the key is to control the pre-charges for training.
The "Opinions" require training institutions to implement designated banks, special accounts, and special fund management, all of which will be entered into the institution's special account for fees, and the pre-charged funds will be managed separately from their own funds, so that the "difficulty of refunding fees" can be prevented to a great extent. Taking money and running away” problem.
At the same time, encourage training institutions to operate by providing training services first and then charging, and change the operating habit of "charging first and then training" for off-campus training.
Regarding the duration or amount of fees charged by training institutions, there have been documented regulations before.
The "Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Regulating the Development of Off-campus Training Institutions" requires that no one-time fee for a time span of more than 3 months shall be charged.
The "Implementation Opinions of Six Departments including the Ministry of Education on Regulating Off-campus Online Training" requires that if online institutions charge by class hours, each subject shall not charge more than 60 class hours at one time; Fees over 3 months.
These policy requirements are reiterated in the Opinions.
At the same time, in terms of the amount of one-time charges, refer to the "Single-purpose Commercial Prepaid Card Management Measures (Trial)" on the limit of 5,000 yuan for a single-purpose prepaid card (prepaid voucher), and comprehensively consider parents' payment ability and institutional operating costs. , Fund security risks, the "Opinions" has added a new regulation that the one-time fee shall not exceed 5,000 yuan, to prevent excessive one-time fees from increasing financial risks and parents' burdens, to avoid hidden dangers to the greatest extent, and to safeguard the interests of parents.
10. Has the task of non-disciplinary training been handed over to the society? What role should schools play?
Answer: Whether it is disciplinary learning or non-disciplinary learning, schools are always the main front of education and teaching, and the positioning of off-campus training is always a useful supplement.
Therefore, we must adhere to the direction of running a socialist school, create conditions, continuously strengthen the school's educational function, implement the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue, and promote the all-round development of students' morality, intelligence, physique, art and labor.
The "Opinions" make it clear that it is necessary to coordinate the inside and outside of the school, strengthen the role of the main front of school education, insist on reducing the burden and improving quality and efficiency, increase the supply of non-disciplinary learning, strengthen the supply of teachers in shortage subjects such as music, physical education, and fine arts, and focus on solving the problems of teachers. There are structural contradictions in the disciplines of the team, and the courses of good music, sports and art should be fully developed, and the construction of an education system that comprehensively cultivates morality, intelligence, physique, art and labor under the background of "double reduction" should be accelerated.
At the same time, the "Opinions" set specific requirements for regulating education departments and schools to introduce non-disciplinary training institutions to participate in after-school services, and promote the needs of students and parents at lower prices in schools.
11. How to alleviate the training anxiety of students and parents caused by the inclusion of sports and art in the subjects of the senior high school entrance examination?
Answer: Subjects such as physical education and art are arranged in the senior high school entrance examinations in various places to guide and promote the all-round development of students, not for competitive selection.
Some non-disciplinary training institutions deliberately misinterpret the policy of including sports and arts in the senior high school entrance examination, creating anxiety, forcing students' parents to coerce them, passively participating in off-campus training and increasing the burden.
For this reason, the "Opinions" started from the root problem, requiring improvement of the content, methods and scoring methods of the physical education and art high school entrance examinations, practically strengthening the process of assessment, gradually realizing the presentation of test scores, and paying attention to the cultivation of students' sports habits and artistic literacy , Resolutely put an end to linking the results of off-campus training with the enrollment of universities, middle schools and primary schools.
12. After the "Opinions" are issued, how can the society see the results as soon as possible?
Answer: One is to rely on compaction and compaction responsibility.
Under the unified leadership of the party committee and the government, all localities should standardize non-disciplinary training as a major livelihood project, put it on the important agenda, study and formulate work plans, and tighten compaction responsibilities.
It is necessary to give full play to the role of special coordination mechanisms for the "double reduction" work at all levels, adhere to overall planning, division of labor and collaboration, and joint actions, and strengthen information sharing and reporting.
The pilot cities of the national "double reduction" work should play a leading role in demonstration, dare to try first, and explore beneficial experience.
The second is to rely on departmental division of labor and cooperation.
There are many types of non-disciplinary training and strong professionalism, which must rely on the joint efforts of departments.
Local education administrative departments should strengthen overall coordination, strengthen daily supervision of non-disciplinary training with relevant departments, and guide schools to do a good job in education and teaching.
The third is to strengthen supervision and publicity.
The Office of the Education Steering Committee of the State Council will strengthen the supervision and assessment of local governments, and regularly report the progress of standardizing non-disciplinary training in various places.
The Ministry of Education will carry out open investigations and unannounced visits with relevant departments in due course to strengthen targeted guidance.
All localities should also establish an accountability mechanism to seriously hold accountable the localities and relevant responsible persons who did not implement their responsibilities, did not take appropriate measures, and had strong complaints from the people.
It is necessary to strengthen policy interpretation through various channels, sum up experience and practices in a timely manner, do a good job in publicity and promotion, and create a good atmosphere for the implementation of the "Opinions".