General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "It is necessary to inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture in combination with the conditions of the new era, and to inherit and carry forward the spirit of Chinese aesthetics." Arts and crafts are a vivid representation of national culture and an important carrier to carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture.

This year, the China Arts and Crafts Art Museum opened, the "Notice on Promoting the High-quality Inheritance and Development of Traditional Crafts" was issued, a new batch of Chinese arts and crafts masters emerged, and the National Technical Committee for the Standardization of Arts and Crafts was established... a series of measures for the development of my country's arts and crafts Injected new momentum.

　　What is the current situation of the development of arts and crafts in my country?

What kind of talents does the art and crafts industry need?

Our reporter approached several Chinese arts and crafts masters and relevant professionals to hear their answers.

　　--editor

"Skills at the fingertips" requires not only inspiration, but also patience and care

　　In the Wenhan Pavilion of the Central Library of the China National Edition Museum, a large plaque of Wenhan Hall with a length of 3 meters and a width of 1 meter hangs steadily at a height of 5 meters.

The entire plaque is made of cloisonne, and the three large characters are made of filigree. From a distance, it looks seamless and dignified, but from a close view, it has fine texture and exquisite structure.

　　"It took more than a month for more than 30 craftsmen to make it together." Zhong Liansheng, chief arts and crafts artist of Beijing Enamel Factory Co., Ltd., introduced that there are many different dense decorations made of copper wires on the plaque. A special steel-tipped tweezers, which make the copper wire into a specific shape according to the pattern of the design drawing, and then glue it to the copper tire.

After multiple processes such as high-temperature welding wire, spotting and firing glaze, polishing, and gold plating, it is finally completed.

The whole process is labor-intensive and time-consuming, requiring a lot of running-in and adjustment.

　　In his sixtieth birthday, Zhong Linsheng still maintains the habit of reading ancient books and watching exhibitions to find inspiration for his creation.

Having been in the industry for more than 40 years, Zhong Liansheng's love for this craft has never diminished. He believes that a good craftsman should uphold the credo of "choose one thing and live for the rest of your life".

　　Fu Changmin, the representative inheritor of handmade porcelain art in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province, also agrees with this concept very much.

She said: "Traditional handicrafts require creators to constantly have new inspirations, but if you want to do this for a long time, you must be patient and careful, and you must have the determination and tenacity to sit on the bench."

　　Choose the most suitable paintbrush from different lengths and thicknesses, and then lightly dip it in the paint exuding the fragrance of camphor oil in the white porcelain box... In a ceramic art museum in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, Fu Changmin focused his brushwork Flying, after a while, the ladies on the surface of the porcelain vase appeared with nodding heads and drooping eyes, with a graceful demeanor.

　　Fu Changmin said that his association with ceramics came from his father's influence.

Her father was not only the "leader" for Fu Changmin to learn ceramic skills, but also set an example for her by his concentration and diligence.

For example, when creating the "Dream of Red Mansions" series, Fu Changmin spent a lot of time researching the characters, trying to show the personalities of different characters.

　　Practitioners of traditional arts and crafts have a long history of spiritual inheritance of excellence.

Chinese traditional arts and crafts has a long history, condenses the essence of traditional skills, carries rich historical and cultural connotations, and is an important part of China's excellent traditional culture.

In recent years, my country has taken measures to do a good job in the inheritance and protection of traditional arts and crafts.

On the basis of excavating and inheriting the varieties and techniques of traditional arts and crafts, use new technologies, innovate traditional themes and techniques, and promote the continuous development of arts and crafts.

According to statistics from the China Light Industry Federation, in 2021, the operating income of enterprises above designated size in my country's arts and crafts will be 890.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 14.26%.

Dig deep into the connotation of traditional craft culture and inject the spirit of the times into it

　　In Haizhu District, Guangzhou, walking into the studio of Wu Bingliang, the inheritor of Cantonese-style hardwood furniture production skills, the various furniture such as dining tables, bookcases, and bed frames are dizzying.

"Only by constantly innovating can one become a true master of arts and crafts; works that are recreated based on tradition can win the favor of the market." This is Wu Bingliang, who is nearly 70 years old, and his understanding of the development of traditional arts and crafts.

　　Once, Wu Bingliang happened to see an old red rosewood bamboo pattern inlaid with marble oval-shaped wooden table. After returning to the studio, he thought about it several times. While reducing the scale, he improved the original pattern and style, and designed The new furniture works are widely acclaimed.

　　Wu Bingliang said that he still insists on learning new designs, "Only by keeping up with the times can traditional craftsmanship be rejuvenated."

　　Technological innovation is not only one of the keys to the development and growth of old crafts, but also a must-answer question related to survival.

"Using creative artistic techniques to inject the connotation of the times into traditional arts and crafts, masters of arts and crafts should be the forerunners." said Liao Jun, a professor at Suzhou Arts and Crafts Vocational and Technical College.

　　It is understood that since the first selection in 1979, my country has conducted 8 selections and produced 640 Chinese arts and crafts masters, covering eleven categories such as sculpture, lacquerware, and ceramics.

The emergence of these masters of arts and crafts, coupled with the selection of masters of arts and crafts by various provinces and cities, has formed an important echelon of masters of arts and crafts in my country.

　　Yang Lierqian, the inheritor of lacquerware technology in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, has experienced the development period and trough period of the industry, and has a deep understanding of the importance of innovation.

In the 1980s, lacquerware entered thousands of households, and Yang Lierqian enjoyed scraping dust, grinding tires, and painting day after day.

However, the good times didn't last long, and traditional lacquerware soon became cold in the market.

　　Therefore, Yang Lierqian carried out a series of innovative research and development: using the texture of the nylon cloth substrate as a decorative method, introducing filigree technology, and perfecting the technique of carving lacquer hidden flowers... After studying Yang Lierqian's innovation path for more than 20 years, The signboard of lacquerware craftsmanship has been re-polished, and the new works not only have many admirers, but also have good market feedback.

　　Innovation is inseparable from new forces.

"Traditional crafts need to be passed on from generation to generation of young people. Masters of arts and crafts accept apprentices and pass on their skills, and teach them all, providing a steady stream of new momentum for the art industry." Tang Kemei, former vice chairman of the China Arts and Crafts Society, said.

　　Leading students in classes and teaching at universities...Yang Lierqian likes to share knowledge and experience with more people, and also drives more people to pay attention to and learn lacquerware craftsmanship.

Since 2004, Yang Lierqian began to recruit students on a large scale, leading a class every three years, and personally guiding them step by step.

From the beginning when the students were crowded in a small room to now everyone has a separate room to work, Yang Lierqian has always attached importance to the power of precepts and deeds.

With the joint efforts of Yang Lierqian and colleagues, Chengdu Lacquer Art, a national intangible cultural heritage project, has two Chinese arts and crafts masters, more than ten provincial masters, many municipal masters, nearly a hundred Lacquer practitioners.

　　It is understood that in recent years, the China Light Industry Federation and the China Arts and Crafts Masters Working Committee have vigorously carried out vocational skills training and evaluation, and held many activities such as the "Hundred Masters Entering the Campus Activity".

Up to now, a total of more than 100 Chinese arts and crafts masters and provincial arts and crafts masters have entered about 40 colleges and universities, taught more than 5,000 class hours online and offline, and promoted the cultivation of 49 "Chinese arts and crafts masters intangible cultural heritage bases", " There are 56 "inheritance and innovation bases for masters of arts and crafts", and the work system for inheritance and innovation of arts and crafts has initially formed.

To optimize and strengthen industrial clusters of industrial beauty, and to promote the construction of industry standardization

　　After making achievements in their respective fields, it has become the common pursuit of masters of arts and crafts to spare no effort to pass on the old craftsmanship and make it popular.

　　In 2019, Fu Changmin and his wife spent almost all their savings to repair and renovate a ceramic art museum in Changnan New District, Jingdezhen. This year, the main part of the art museum is completed. After it is fully completed, it will be used as a non-heritage heritage and display base.

In order to fully demonstrate the production process of ceramic crafts, she specially built a red brick kiln in the small courtyard of the art museum.

"In the creation of arts and crafts, it is necessary to 'carry the way with tools', so that the works can arouse people's sympathy, so as to better promote the excellent traditional culture and promote the healthy development of the industry." Fu Changmin said.

　　Wu Bingliang has always been committed to promoting classical furniture craftsmanship.

As early as 2005, he opened a furniture website to answer various questions from netizens about Chinese Ming and Qing furniture, and to broaden the promotion channels for furniture craftsmanship; Since its opening, it has received more than 100,000 visitors.

　　In recent years, Zhong Liansheng has cooperated with relevant local departments to promote the intangible cultural heritage of cloisonne into the classrooms of primary and secondary schools, and set up studios in many vocational colleges to cultivate and reserve talents for cloisonne craftsmanship.

He is also actively embracing new technologies, and he and his team designed and established an interactive experience area in the Enamel Factory Museum, so that people can not only visit and feel, but also experience it with their own hands; launch Taobao live broadcast, and communicate face-to-face with netizens; launch digital collections, which are closer to the design concept Young Audience...

　　In addition to the personal efforts of practitioners, the industry of art and beauty also calls for top-level design that can play a greater role.

In recent years, under the promotion of China National Light Industry Council, the industrial clusters of industrial arts and crafts have become better and stronger, and the total number of clusters has reached 67. An industrial cluster system of industrial arts and crafts with distinctive features, complementary advantages, and high-quality development is taking shape.

"The key to the revitalization of the art industry lies in talents. The China National Light Industry Council will comprehensively promote the construction of art talent teams, vigorously carry out industry training, evaluation, and competitions, and promote local industry organizations and professional colleges to bid for vocational skills competitions. People, promote construction by competition." Zhang Chonghe, president of China Light Industry Federation, said.

　　On November 7, the China National Light Industry Council held the 2022 China Arts and Crafts Master Work and the Inauguration Conference of the National Arts and Crafts Standardization Technical Committee in Shexian County, Anhui Province, and the standardization construction of the arts and crafts industry has reached a new level.

Zhang Chonghe said that the China National Light Industry Federation is actively preparing for the establishment of the National Arts and Crafts Standard Committee, organizing the formulation of articles of association, and formulating working rules. From hundreds of applicants, 16 Chinese arts and crafts masters, 14 business leaders, 29 Experts, scholars, and 11 industry managers serve as committee members, filling the gap in the standardization organization of arts and crafts.

　　"The National Arts and Crafts Standardization Committee is formally established, and the arts and crafts industry will embark on a new journey to lead the development of the industry with standards." Zhang Chonghe said, "We must promptly compile the "Classification of Arts and Crafts" and "Terms of Arts and Crafts" that the industry urgently needs. 》 and other standards, and welcome the majority of arts and crafts masters and practitioners to actively put forward their opinions and suggestions, and contribute to the standardization of the arts and crafts industry.”

　　Reporter Han Xin Song Haoxin Jiang Xiaodan Yang Yanfei (Source: People's Daily)