Improve the training system, strengthen the incentive mechanism, and smooth the development path——
Continue to expand the high-skilled talent team
Our reporter Li Xinping
"People's Daily" (Version 13, December 7, 2022)
core reading
In the special competition of the 2022 WorldSkills Competition that ended recently, the Chinese delegation won the gold medal list and ranked first in the group total score, demonstrating the level of my country's skilled talent team construction.
In the future, it is necessary to continue to improve the training system, strengthen the incentive mechanism, and smooth the development path, so as to create a good development environment for the continuous growth of the high-skilled talent team.
Building shelves, scraping putty, and making decorations, Ma Hongda, a young man born in the 2000s, won the first gold medal in China for the plastering and partition system project with his 3D feather plastering decoration;
3D modeling, programming, and finishing, Zhou Chujie controlled the part error within 0.02 mm, helping the Chinese delegation achieve four consecutive championships in CNC milling projects;
Design, plate making, cutting, sewing, and decoration, one person supports an assembly line, and Dong Qing won the gold medal in the fashion technology project...
In the special competition of the 2022 WorldSkills Competition that ended recently, the Chinese delegation won 21 golds, 3 silvers, 4 bronzes and 5 winning awards, ranking first in the gold medal list and group total score.
As the "Olympic" in the skill world, the results of the World Championships are a window for us to observe the current situation of high-skilled talent training.
What is the effectiveness of my country's skilled personnel training?
Next, how to further increase training efforts?
The reporter conducted an interview.
Positive progress has been made in the cultivation of skilled personnel, with over 60 million high-skilled personnel
"The WorldSkills Competition is the highest-level global vocational skills competition, representing the world's advanced level of vocational skills development in various fields." Chen Xiaoxi, an associate professor at the China (Tianjin) Research Center of the WorldSkills Competition, said that the results of the WorldSkills Competition can be achieved to a certain extent Demonstrate the level of my country's skilled talent team construction, especially the situation of young skilled talent teams.
Chen Xiaoxi said that looking back at the past 12 years, from the breakthrough of zero medals, to winning the gold medal list for three consecutive times and ranking first in the team total score, the performance of the Chinese delegation has continued to improve.
This shows the charm of our country's young skilled talents, is a microcosm of the continuous improvement of the quality of our country's skilled workers, and proves China's potential to become a skilled country.
The structure of the talent team is often a pyramid.
The emergence of a top skilled player is inseparable from the overall growth of the skilled talent team.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country has attached great importance to the cultivation and development of skilled personnel, and the work of skilled personnel has made positive progress.
The total volume keeps expanding.
By the end of 2021, the total number of skilled laborers will exceed 200 million, accounting for 26% of the employed population.
Quality continues to improve.
By the end of 2021, my country will have more than 60 million high-skilled talents, accounting for 30% of skilled talents.
The mechanism is constantly improving.
During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, nearly 100 million person-times of subsidized vocational skills training were organized nationwide; among them, more than 30 million person-times were trained for enterprise employees and more than 40 million person-times for migrant workers.
Technical education can produce more than 1 million graduates every year, and carry out vocational skills training for more than 4 million person-times.
"Although the work of skilled personnel has made positive progress, we must also see that the current team of skilled personnel in our country cannot fully meet the requirements of high-quality development." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said.
Scale is still not enough.
Compared with the overall employment and economic development needs, the total number of high-skilled talents in my country is still insufficient, and the employment rate of high-skilled talents in some positions even reaches 2.5 or more.
The proportion of high-skilled personnel in the total number of skilled personnel has increased, but there is still a gap compared with some developed countries.
The quality needs to be improved.
my country's skilled talent team is characterized by more junior workers and fewer senior workers, more traditional technicians and fewer modern technicians, more single-type technicians and fewer compound technicians, more short-term and quick-trained technicians, and fewer systematically trained technicians.
"Skills have become the new currency in the labor market." Chen Yujie, an associate researcher at the Chinese Academy of Labor and Social Security Sciences, said that highly skilled talents, as practitioners of technological innovation, are an indispensable force for promoting technological innovation and realizing the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. It is an important factor related to my country's economic restructuring and industrial transformation and upgrading.
By 2025, the proportion of high-skilled personnel to skilled personnel will reach 1/3
Facing the new requirements of economic and social development, how should we build a high-skilled talent team next?
"Not long ago, the "Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Highly Skilled Talent Teams in the New Era" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions") issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council pointed out the direction for the next work." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Say.
On the one hand, the "Opinions" focus on the training side, and propose to build a high-skilled talent training system with industry enterprises as the main body, vocational schools as the basis, government promotion and social support.
On the other hand, we will focus on system design and propose to establish a national qualifications framework to connect the education and training system.
At the same time, strengthen the incentive mechanism and improve the economic treatment and social status of highly skilled personnel.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, one of the highlights of the "Opinions" is to adhere to the problem orientation, focus on the weak links and key issues in the construction of high-skilled talent teams, and strive to break the institutional barriers that restrict the construction of high-skilled talent teams.
For example, technical colleges, as the "main force" for the training of skilled personnel in our country, are restricted by factors such as enrollment policies, and enrollment is affected.
In this regard, the "Opinions" proposed to adopt measures such as parallel enrollment of secondary vocational schools and ordinary high schools in the same batch to stabilize the enrollment scale of secondary vocational schools.
"This will effectively guarantee the scale of high-skilled talent pool of college students." Chen Yujie said.
For another example, in order to improve the efficiency of the allocation of skilled talents, the "Opinions" proposes to establish and improve a flexible flow mechanism for skilled talents, and encourage skilled talents to play a better role through part-time jobs, services, technical research, and project cooperation.
Guide enterprises to standardize and carry out shared employment.
According to Chen Yujie's analysis, under the background that the scale of high-skilled talents cannot grow on a large scale in a short period of time, allowing labor sharing and smooth flow mechanism can alleviate the shortage of high-skilled talents to a certain extent.
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said that next, we will earnestly do a good job in various tasks, and strive to achieve more than 30% of the employed persons by the end of 2025, and the proportion of high-skilled talents to one-third of the skilled talents. The province's high-skilled personnel accounted for 35% of the skilled personnel.
Encourage young people to take the road of skills to become talents, and promote the resolution of structural employment contradictions
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security stated that in the next period of time, the main contradiction in my country's employment field will change from insufficient total number of jobs to structural employment contradictions, and the mismatch between supply and demand in the job market will become increasingly prominent.
The mismatch between supply and demand is mainly due to the mismatch of skills.
Therefore, in the long run, it is particularly important to continue to expand the high-skilled talent team and cultivate more skilled talents that meet the needs of economic development.
"The cultivation of high-skilled talents is a systematic project, which requires the strength of all members of society to be gathered through the social system, pooling resources from all parties, and building a skills training system covering the entire industry chain and the entire career." Chen Yujie said, especially to optimize skills Talent evaluation and incentive mechanism encourage more young people to take the road of becoming talents with skills and serving the country with skills.
On the one hand, we are required to implement various reform measures, effectively unblock the career development channels of skilled talents, and improve the level of remuneration; The social atmosphere of "emphasizing academic qualifications and neglecting skills" has continuously strengthened the social orientation of "personal advocating skills, enterprises reusing skills, and society respecting skills".
"Previously, we have introduced policies such as the new eight-level workers and the salary guidelines for skilled talents. Next, we will guide all walks of life to implement the policies and bring tangible benefits to skilled talents." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security People say.
According to the person in charge, in the future, localities will also be supported in recruiting staff of public institutions for qualified skilled talents, and emphasis will be placed on training and selecting party and government cadres from among skilled talents.
At the same time, establish a two-way comparative identification system for vocational qualifications, vocational skill levels, and corresponding professional titles and academic qualifications.
Skilled talents are an important force supporting Chinese manufacturing and Chinese creation.
"We should take the opportunity of the World Skills Competition to let more young people see that learning skills can also go to the world, and jointly build a team of high-skilled talents who love the party and serve the country, are dedicated to their work, have exquisite skills, excellent quality, large scale, and reasonable structure. team, build a strong manufacturing country, and achieve high-quality development." Chen Xiaoxi said.