The Yellow River Protection Law is promulgated at the right time, cohesion and strengthening of political supervision
Guard the Yellow River Anlan
Another landmark legislation for river basin protection.
On October 30, the 37th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress voted to pass the "Yellow River Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", which will come into force on April 1, 2023.
The Jiuqu Yellow River, with waves overlapping flood waves, originates from the roof of the world and flows into the sea through 9 provinces.
"The Yellow River is peaceful, and the world is peaceful." Governing the Yellow River has always been a major event for national security.
Promoting ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin is an important strategic plan made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core.
What are the characteristics and significance of the newly promulgated Yellow River Protection Law?
What achievements has my country achieved in the protection and management of the Yellow River in recent years?
How can the discipline inspection and supervision organs strengthen political supervision and escort the Anlan of the Yellow River?
The reporter interviewed relevant experts and heads of relevant departments.
"Constructing the Great Protection and Governance Pattern of the Yellow River Basin"
The Yellow River Protection Law covers the key and difficult issues in the protection and management of the Yellow River, and focuses on the water and soil to improve the ecological protection system of the whole basin
For a long time, the Yellow River has become one of the rivers with the highest sediment content, serious water damage and the most difficult governance in the world due to reasons such as mud and sand, river swings, and suspended rivers.
The Yellow River Protection Law covers these key and difficult issues in the protection and management of the Yellow River, and has strong practical significance.
The Yellow River Protection Law includes a total of 122 articles in 11 chapters, including general provisions, ecological protection and restoration, conservation and intensive use of water resources, water and sediment regulation and flood control safety, pollution prevention and control, and promotion of high-quality development.
For example, the fragile ecological environment is the biggest problem in the Yellow River Basin. The law clarifies that the state strengthens the ecological protection and restoration of the Yellow River Basin, adheres to integrated protection and restoration, and implements a systematic governance that focuses on natural restoration and combines natural restoration with artificial restoration.
The shortage of water resources is the biggest contradiction in the Yellow River Basin. The law emphasizes that the state shall implement a unified allocation of the water volume of the Yellow River and formulate a water allocation plan.
Flood is the biggest threat to the Yellow River Basin. The law stipulates that the state will coordinate the construction of the flood control system for the main and tributaries of the Yellow River, strengthen the coordination of the flood control system between the river basins and the river basins, promote the linkage of flood control and drought relief and flood prevention in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and build a scientific and efficient comprehensive flood control and disaster reduction system.
It is worth noting that the protection and governance of the Yellow River involves multiple fields, multiple departments, and multiple places. If there is a lack of unified norms, it is easy to cause inefficiencies in the phenomenon of "nine dragons water control".
Directly pointing to the drawbacks of decentralized management, the Yellow River Protection Law clarifies that the state shall establish an overall coordination mechanism for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin to comprehensively guide and coordinate related work, review major policies, major plans, and major projects in the Yellow River Basin, and coordinate cross-regional and cross-regional cooperation. Major matters of the department, supervise and inspect the implementation of relevant important work, and clearly establish a joint meeting system of inter-provincial river and lake chiefs in the Yellow River Basin.
The Yellow River Protection Law highlights systematic protection.
Zang Tiewei, spokesman for the Legislative Affairs Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, said: "The uniqueness of the Yellow River Protection Law is that it focuses on the water and soil to improve the ecological protection system of the whole basin, pays attention to the protection and restoration of the ecology of the whole basin, and does a good job in water conservation, soil consolidation and governance. For example, the law stipulates that the protection of the Yellow River water source conservation area should be strengthened; to use water resources in the Yellow River Basin, a water abstraction permit should be obtained in accordance with the law;
Insufficient high-quality development is the biggest shortcoming of the Yellow River Basin.
The Yellow River Protection Law clearly states that to promote the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, new development concepts should be adhered to, and the green transformation of development methods should be accelerated.
In this regard, Qin Tianbao, director of the Institute of Environmental Law of Wuhan University, believes that the introduction of this law will help promote the complex integration and common development of cultural systems, economic systems, resource systems, and ecosystems, and build a large-scale protection and governance pattern in the Yellow River Basin. .
Implementing the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee in the form of laws and comprehensively promoting the legalization of the national river strategy is of great significance at the right time.
Qin Tianbao told reporters that the Yellow River Protection Law has many pragmatic measures and institutional innovations, which are conducive to giving full play to the leading and promoting role of legislation, so that major reforms can be based on the law, and ensure that the ecological protection and high-quality development strategies of the Yellow River Basin are implemented in local development practices. , to ensure that the ecological blueprint drawn by the Party's 20th National Congress is drawn to the end.
A law of the Yellow River.
After the Yellow River Protection Law is promulgated, all relevant parties must also earnestly perform their duties and obligations stipulated by the law, protect the Yellow River in accordance with the law; formulate and revise supporting regulations such as regulations, rules, plans, and standards in a timely manner to ensure the effective implementation of various systems.
"Whether the ecology is good or not, the birds know first"
In recent years, the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin has continued to improve, the industrial transformation and upgrading has accelerated, and the joint efforts to protect and promote large-scale governance have achieved remarkable results.
In early winter, residents living along the Yellow River Ecological Corridor in Mengjin District, Luoyang City, Henan Province, looked up and saw the "giant panda among birds" -- the black stork.
"Whether the ecology is good or not, the birds know first." In the Mengjin section of the Yellow River Wetland National Nature Reserve in Henan, the natural environment with lush vegetation and clear water and green shores attracts large waves of migratory birds to live here.
"In recent years, more waterbirds have migrated every year. Last year, we recorded a total of 308 species of birds, including 14 national first-class protected animals and 54 national second-class protected animals." Henan Yellow River Wetland National Nature Reserve Guo Zhun, director of the Scientific Research Office of the District Mengjin Management Center, told reporters.
However, a few years ago, the river bank was a different scene: sand mining and soil borrowing at will, industrial wastewater and domestic sewage that did not meet the discharge standards were discharged into the river, solid waste was dumped and piled up, discarded and scattered, farmers over-fertilized and used drugs, Putting bait... Ecological environmental pollution once led to the serious degradation of the Yellow River wetland.
The ecological change stems from the local acceleration of the Yellow River wetland protection and ecological restoration work.
In recent years, Mengjin District has adhered to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, and continued to restore wetland ecosystems.
According to statistics, in the Mengjin section of the Yellow River wetland, the coverage of reeds is 30% to 40%.
The tidal flats, reeds, rice fields, and lotus ponds in the reserve provide birds with sheltered habitats and breeding places. Among the more than 300 species of birds that have been observed, about 110 species breed and live here.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the ecological protection and high-quality development level of the Yellow River Basin has been significantly improved.
The evaluation results released by the Resources and Environmental Policy Research Institute of the Development Research Center of the State Council show that with the implementation of a series of major governance and protection measures in the past decade, the health of the Yellow River Basin, ecological environmental protection, and economic and social development trends have steadily improved, and the degree of mutual synergy has improved. constantly improving.
Develop while protecting, protect while developing.
On the Gobi Desert by the Yellow River, in the "10-million-kilowatt Ecological Photovoltaic Power Generation Park" in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, photovoltaic panels converge into a luminous "blue ocean", and the grass vegetation on the ground is slowly recovering.
The upper reaches of the Yellow River and the source areas of the Three Rivers are vast, and the hazard of sandstorms is quite serious.
Firmly establishing the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", Hainan Prefecture vigorously develops the new energy industry with the help of large-scale desertified land resources and solar energy resources.
Over the past ten years, this new energy base has settled in 84 photovoltaic and wind energy companies, with a total investment of 123.7 billion yuan, and the installed capacity of new energy has exceeded 20 million kilowatts. development model.
The development of the clean energy industry according to local conditions is a vivid footnote for the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin in the new era.
"Based on the rich hydropower resources in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the rich lithium resources in the salt lake, we actively promote the construction of a national demonstration area for energy storage development, cultivate new formats, new technologies, and new models, and strive to achieve energy storage peak regulation and high-proportion clean energy delivery. We will strive to explore useful experiences that can be used for reference, replication and promotion for the development of clean energy across the country," said Yuan Weimin, deputy director of the Qinghai Provincial Energy Bureau.
"The management of the Yellow River is one of the major events"
Under the strong leadership of the party, the promotion of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin must be consistent and persistent
On a warm winter day, in the activity square of Yangmiao Community, Kenli District, Dongying City, Shandong Province, children chased and froliced, while the elderly sat around and pulled home.
"From housing to income, to children going to school and family members seeing a doctor, I care about everything." Community resident Xu Fuhua happily recalled the scene when General Secretary Xi Jinping came to his home for "guest" last October.
Yangmiao Community is a new type of rural community built to improve the production and living conditions of the people in the floodplain area of the Yellow River. It used to suffer from floods in the past.
Benefiting from the party's good policies, neat buildings are now built on high platforms, public service facilities such as convenience service stations and happiness parks are readily available, and the warehousing logistics park and agricultural demonstration park are busy.
Seeing everyone live and work in peace and contentment and rural revitalization and development, General Secretary Xi Jinping said, "What does the Communist Party do? It serves the people and seeks rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, so we must constantly see what needs to be done well and what needs to be accelerated. Doing it well and managing the Yellow River is one of the major events."
The Yellow River expedition is of special significance.
"I have always been concerned about the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. When I came here today, I have reached the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River." General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that there must be a beginning and an end, and perseverance to do a good job in the ecological protection of the Yellow River.
In Qinghai, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that he must shoulder the major responsibility of protecting the source of the Three Rivers and the "China Water Tower"; in Gansu, he proposed "making the Yellow River a river of happiness that benefits the people"; in Henan, he chaired a symposium, emphasizing the ecology of the Yellow River Basin Conservation and high-quality development are major national strategies; in Ningxia, the important task of "constructing the Yellow River Basin's ecological protection and high-quality development pilot area" is deployed... I have traveled through 9 provinces and regions in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and have made many field visits to the Yellow River Basin ecological protection and development. The development situation has repeatedly put forward requirements for ecological protection construction in key areas such as the Three River Sources. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has attached great importance to the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.
From the establishment of a river management committee for the Yellow River, to the successive construction of large-scale dykes, continuous river remediation, and then to clarifying the idea of "water saving priority, spatial balance, systematic management, and two-handed efforts", China has created the history of the Yellow River's annual peace. Miracle, the happiness of the masses has been significantly improved... Practice has proved that only under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and giving full play to the advantages of the socialist system can we truly realize the historic transformation of the Yellow River governance from passive to active, and fundamentally change the Yellow River in three years and two years. The tragic situation of the breach.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that we must firmly establish and practice the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and plan development from the height of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
This puts forward new requirements for the ecological protection of the Yellow River.
On the new journey, we must continue to strive to achieve new results in promoting the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.
"See attitude, but also see action"
Focus on key tasks to promote the specific, precise and normalized political supervision, and provide a strong guarantee for the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin
The ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is a major national strategy personally planned, deployed and promoted by General Secretary Xi Jinping.
From the source of the Three Rivers to the coast of the Bohai Sea, from the upstream and downstream to the left and right banks, the discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels have a "bigger country" in mind, pay close attention to important content such as ecological protection and restoration, industrial transformation and upgrading, and increase supervision and inspection efforts, and promote specific political supervision. Make it precise and normalized to ensure that the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instructions and the Party Central Committee's decision-making and deployment will be effective.
In the middle reaches of the Yellow River, criss-cross canals irrigate the Weihe Plain.
In the past, ecological and environmental problems such as illegal dumping of slag, encroachment on river channels, and direct discharge of mining and dressing wastewater and domestic sewage were prominent in Weinan City, Shaanxi Province.
Focusing on the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin, the Weinan Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection has clearly expanded reporting channels, carried out unannounced and unannounced visits, deepened node supervision and other measures.
At the same time, it strictly enforces discipline and accountability, establishes and improves the statistical notification assessment and the transfer mechanism of problem clues, strengthens the connection with water affairs, natural resources, ecological environment and other departments, timely reports typical cases that are exposed and investigated, and plays the role of warning and education.
Since last year, the city has investigated and dealt with 228 clues to problems in the field of ecological environment, and given 243 party discipline and government sanctions.
The industrial base along the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is relatively good.
In October last year, the "Outline of the Plan for Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development in the Yellow River Basin" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council proposed that it is necessary to promote the upgrading of the industrial system and the reconstruction of basic capabilities to create a highly competitive industrial cluster.
The traditional pillar industry of Heze City, Shandong Province is the chemical industry, but the problems of short industrial chain and low efficiency restrict the high-quality development of the industry.
In order to promote the conversion of old and new kinetic energy and promote industrial transformation and upgrading, the Heze Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision, based on its responsibilities and functions, carried out special supervision over the Yellow River Basin, and used the supervision mechanism of "one account, two lists, two responsibilities, and two accountability" to clarify the main responsible units and The responsible unit for supervision shall strengthen supervision and inspection on the key tasks of "removing, improving and increasing" in industrial development, and urge functional departments to speed up the elimination of outdated production capacity and promote the upgrading and upgrading of industries.
The transformation of old and new kinetic energy, transformation and upgrading of industrial projects are capital-intensive and multi-faceted. In order to prevent integrity risks, the Dezhou Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision of Shandong Province supervised the front-end supervision through methods such as listening to reports, research discussions, and on-the-spot inspections to promote the main responsible department in the construction of key projects. In accordance with the principle of "one project, one file", important materials such as project approval, planning and design, bidding, supervision, and acceptance are included.
At the same time, follow up and supervise the research and decision-making process of major projects, strengthen the supervision beforehand and in the process, and ensure the clean and efficient operation.
"Some places blindly launched high-energy-consuming and high-water-consuming projects; some did not establish the concept of 'jointly do a good job in major protection and coordinated promotion of major governance', and only consider the water use problem in the jurisdiction..." A few days ago, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the State Supervision Commission stationed in The discipline inspection and supervision team of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment went to the provinces along the Yellow River to inspect the ecological protection, water resources utilization, water environment management and other aspects of the Yellow River Basin. It not only transmitted pressure to local departments, but also urged the resident departments to perform their duties and consolidate the ecological and environmental protection politics. responsibility.
"Political supervision depends on attitudes and actions. We update the supervision ledger in a timely manner, regularly schedule supervision matters, frequently carry out conversation reminders, innovate and embed supervision, follow up on the rectification of central ecological and environmental protection supervision issues in the Yellow River Basin, and carry out unannounced and unannounced visits, based on duties and functions. , analyze the underlying reasons, be strict in style and discipline, improve the quality and efficiency of supervision, and effectively escort the 'Yellow River Anlan'." said the person in charge of the discipline inspection and supervision team stationed in the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
Our reporter Huang Qiuxia Wen Ziyu