The golden autumn is refreshing, and the rice is fragrant.
Harvest China, the most beautiful picture.
In a rice field in Dafu Village, Zhucha Township, Ningdu County, Jiangxi Province, large harvesters lined up in a row, rumbled through the golden rice waves.
"Soil testing and formula fertilization, irrigation and drainage management were timely, and the crops have withstood the test of high temperature. The harvested more than 1,300 catties per mu, an increase of more than 100 catties compared with previous years!" Wen Weiqing, the head of Fufeng Rice Professional Cooperative, was full of joy.
The latest agricultural situation dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs shows that as of September 22, 267 million mu of autumn grains have been harvested across the country, and the progress has exceeded 20%, and a bumper harvest of autumn grains is in sight.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, "We must firmly grasp the initiative of food security, and we must pay close attention to food production every year." "Ensuring national food security and the effective supply of major agricultural products is the primary task of developing agriculture."
Food security is the "bigger of the country".
It is not easy to shoulder the responsibility of food security and autumn grain production along the way.
All over the country, fighting against the epidemic, focusing on spring sowing, preventing summer floods, grasping field management, fighting drought conditions, ensuring watering, and striving for a bumper harvest of autumn crops, hundreds of millions of farmers have worked hard.
During the golden autumn season, there is a good harvest in the countryside, and hundreds of millions of farmers celebrate the harvest together.
Increasing production, income and efficiency are the most beautiful expectations of farmers.
Stabilizing grain rations, expanding oil crops, and stabilizing corn, the adjustment of agricultural structure has achieved remarkable results
Every line of rice, grains and grains, the desired field structure adjustment is "real".
——Good policies are used in villages and fields, and the confidence in stabilizing food rations is more sufficient.
More than 80,000 mu of rice in Tuofeng Township, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province will soon enter the harvesting period.
"I used subsidies to grow grains. This year, I reduced other crops and planted more grains!" said Cao Yuanjin, a major grain grower. With the subsidies for agricultural machinery, he successively purchased equipment such as harvesters, rice transplanters, and dryers. , rice production to achieve full mechanization.
"A good policy will increase the benefits for our grain growers! From 200 mu to 3,000 mu, the scale of grain cultivation has become larger and larger, and now all the fields grow 'order grain'!" Cao Yuanjin was very happy.
The policy is powerful, and farmers can make more profits from growing grain.
Strengthen the guarantee of farmers' income from growing grain, the state has steadily raised the minimum purchase price of rice and wheat, and improved policies such as rice subsidies, corn and soybean producer subsidies.
Not long ago, the central government issued a fund of 10 billion yuan to support the south in resisting high temperature and drought and protecting autumn grains, so as to alleviate the impact of increased expenditure on grain production caused by rising prices of agricultural materials, and further increase farmers' enthusiasm for grain planting.
Up to now, the central government has allocated 40 billion yuan of subsidy funds in three batches this year.
——The effect of compound planting is good, and there is a new method for expanding oil crops.
"The corn production will not be reduced, but a crop of beans will be added, and compound planting will allow us to make money for grain growers!" said Zhou Liuming, a major grain grower in Yangying Village, Shicaoji Township, Shenqiu County, Henan Province.
This year, Yangying Village has a new harvest scene: corn and soybeans are arranged in staggered rows, corn stalks are full of corn cobs, and strings of pods on soybeans are growing gratifyingly.
Zhou Liuming interplanted 900 acres of corn and soybeans in the field this year. "It is estimated that more than 500 kilograms of corn and more than 100 kilograms of soybeans will be harvested per acre of land. According to this year's price, and the subsidy of 200 yuan per acre is included, the expected income per acre is more than 2,000 yuan. "In order to promote the expansion of oil crops, this year, Shenqiu County has developed 15,000 mu of soybean and corn belt-shaped compound planting through expanding space, increasing light, and reducing plant confidentiality.
The expansion of soybeans and oil crops will be effective.
This year, the corn and soybean strip compound planting area has reached more than 15 million mu, and there are more than 40,000 new business entities in 16 provinces, 1,047 counties, and actively promote the corn and soybean strip compound planting to increase oil supply.
——With good varieties and good technologies, corn will move towards high and stable yields.
"The yield per mu is 706.6 kilograms!" In the demonstration area of 1,000 mu in Hezhuang Village, Jiuxian Town, Taihe County, Anhui Province, the expert team carried out field yield testing and acceptance of the "new corn variety Luyu 9105".
"According to the standardization of planting corn, the effective number of ears per mu is 4195, and the number of grains per ear is 563, which is high and stable." Chang Xingduo, chairman of the Changxing Planting Professional Cooperative in Taihe County, is very happy.
A series of new technologies such as straw returning, reasonable dense planting, timely sowing, green prevention and control, and timely irrigation and drainage have been implemented, and Taihe County has ushered in a bumper year for corn.
The "China Agricultural Outlook Report (2022-2031)" predicts that this year's grain output will maintain a stable growth on the basis of a high level, and is expected to reach 688 million tons.
The whole process of farming and harvesting is mechanized and escorted, and farmers show their skills in technology farming
Let farmers use the best technology to grow the best grain, and the fundamental way to stabilize and increase production lies in technology.
——Large agricultural machinery in the field gallops, and the pellets are returned to the warehouse to increase income.
In Dongfeng Village, Pushun Town, Dianjiang County, Chongqing City, the contiguous paddy rice has matured, and two large combine harvesters shuttle through the farmland.
Cutting rice, threshing, breaking stalks... Under the rotation of the harvester, the rice ears instantly turn into golden grains.
"The large agricultural machinery is escorted, all the receivables are collected, and the grains are returned to the warehouse!" said Zhao Fei, a grain farmer.
This year, Zhao Fei has planted more than 30 mu of rice, and he has carefully calculated the increase in revenue by machine harvesting: in the past, the cost of manual harvesting was 200 yuan a day, and two people could only harvest one mu of land a day; now the machine harvests 80 yuan per mu, which can be harvested in 20 minutes. Finished, good and fast.
Agricultural machinery has become a good helper, and the grain returns to increase income in a hurry.
During the "Three Autumns" this year, 30 million units (sets) of various agricultural machinery were invested in various regions, and the yields of rice, corn and soybean machines exceeded 94%, 80% and 82% respectively.
——With the help of digital agriculture, autumn grain production is more efficient.
These days, in Beitaitou Township, Wei County, Hebei Province, Wang Yaohe, a major grain grower, drives a direct grain harvester to harvest mature corn.
Wang Yaohe said that he cooperated with Sinochem Modern Agriculture Co., Ltd. to invite a "good nanny" for corn: the seeds and fertilizers supplied are of high quality, the smart platform sends field management information in real time, and the management and plant protection are followed up in a timely manner. Raise two or three hundred yuan.
Modern agriculture is equipped with a "digital engine", and autumn grain production is equipped with technological wings.
All regions and departments promote the deep integration of new technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and cloud platforms with agricultural production, saving costs and increasing efficiency.
A total of 9 agricultural IoT demonstration provinces have been established nationwide, 100 digital agriculture pilot projects have been established, and 426 cost-saving and efficient agricultural IoT application achievements and models have been collected and released.
——The "point irrigation" of precision agronomy into the field makes it easier for large-scale farming.
"Look at how full the grain is! This year's harvest is good, and the estimated production capacity per mu is 1,300 to 1,400 catties." Wei Fangyue, a large grain grower in Xiaotan Village, Wangzhuang Town, Junxian County, Henan Province, broke a corn cob and held it in his hand. Field management and agronomy have kept up, unified fertilization, drone spray prevention, unified water-saving irrigation, and the harvest is much better than in previous years!"
With the high-standard farmland project settled in the village, Wei Fangyue has more confidence in growing grain: from tending a few pieces of land at home, he has now planted 2,430 mu of land.
"The stall is bigger, and large-scale farming has a lot to do. It's easier to plant in autumn and manage autumn harvest." Wei Fangyue said.
From knowing farming to "wisdom" farming, agricultural technology escorts autumn grain production throughout the process.
The implementation of new technologies that save costs and increase efficiency, such as precise operation of agricultural machinery, soil testing and formula fertilization, has been accelerated, and significant progress has been made in mechanical live broadcasting of rice, mechanical harvesting of corn grains, and the mechanization of rapeseed. The contribution rate is over 61%.
Production is becoming better and greener, and the comprehensive benefits of agriculture are continuously improving
The quality of agriculture, the green development of agriculture, and the brand-strengthening of agriculture, the supply capacity of high-quality green products has been continuously improved, and the comprehensive benefits and competitiveness of agriculture have been continuously improved.
——Green production, and “profitable” farming by reducing quantity and increasing efficiency.
The northeast granary harvest is in sight, and the 4,000-mu rice harvest of Jiyuefeng Family Farm in Yongji County, Jilin Province is just around the corner.
For a long time, Xiao Jianbo, the head of the farm, has insisted on adopting unified prevention and control and green prevention and control to promote the reduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and the increase of efficiency.
Speaking of the benefits of green grain farming, Xiao Jianbo opened the conversation: "Plant protection drones operate for rice blast prevention, saving 90% of water. Green prevention and control can reduce the application of chemical pesticides 1 to 2 times; straw returning to the field promotes the reduction of chemical fertilizers. Effective, reduce chemical fertilizers by 20% on the farm.”
Autumn grains produce more green undertones.
All regions and departments have promoted the green development of agriculture, promoted cost-saving and efficient technologies such as scientific fertilization, water-saving irrigation, and green prevention and control. The utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has exceeded 40%.
At present, more than 150 sets of green prevention and control models have been integrated and promoted nationwide, and the national green prevention and control area has reached 1.2 billion mu, and the coverage rate has increased by 4 percentage points.
——Ecological planting and breeding, "one field double harvest".
At the demonstration base for rice and fish farming in Liujiahu Village, Ziyang District, Yiyang City, Hunan Province, the rice is scythe, the fish is caught, men, women and children are smiling.
"The masses are restoring ecological planting on arable land, and the yield per mu of grain is expected to exceed 1,000 catties, with an increase of 1,000 yuan." Xie Shao, director of the Natural Resources Bureau of Ziyang District, introduced.
Since the beginning of this year, in order to tap the potential for increasing the income of cultivated land, the local government encourages villagers to explore the mode of fish rice, shrimp rice, frog rice and other models of "two uses for one water, more income for one field" on the restored cultivated land.
Xie Shao said that by promoting this method, Ziyang District has achieved a steady increase in the cultivated area and grain production capacity.
"Stabilize grain and increase efficiency, and increase yields in one field." In 2021, the national rice and fishery comprehensive planting and breeding area will be 39.66 million mu, the output of rice will be about 20 million tons, and the output of aquatic products will be 3.56 million tons, driving farmers' income to increase by more than 60 billion yuan.
——The products are of high quality, and the value of agricultural products is not ordinary.
"Boom..." Recently, in the Weimin Rice Factory in Gaojiping Village, Ziyang Township, Shangyou County, Jiangxi Province, villager Fang Yefu was using machinery to hustle freshly harvested rice.
Here, the selenium-enriched ecological rice goes through the processing process and becomes the brand rice that is sold in bags.
"Good ecology produces good rice. With the 'Jinqiu for the people' brand, the price of our rice is not ordinary. The price per catty is 2.5 times higher than that of ordinary rice. The premium selenium-rich rice is sold at 38 yuan per catty." Fang Yefu said, Quality, organic rice produced today receives orders from airlines.
All localities have made full efforts to improve varieties, improve quality, build brands and standardize production, speed up the filling of logistics shortcomings, develop grain processing, extend the grain industry chain, promote quality and brand strength, and drive more farmers to grow up "Money Bag".
At present, the qualified rate of routine monitoring of agricultural product quality and safety in the country has been stable at over 97.5%, and the number of green, organic and geographically indicated agricultural products has accumulated to 62,000.
Our reporter Gao Yuncai Changqin