Russia has denied responsibility for the missile attack on the port of the Ukrainian city of Odessa, Turkey said.

Turkey is in contact with Ukraine and Russia, and Moscow has given assurances that it had nothing to do with the attack and wants to investigate the incident, Turkey's Defense Minister Hulusi Akar said on Saturday.

Ukraine accuses Russia of shelling the port of Odessa.

"Two missiles hit the port infrastructure exactly where there was grain," Ukrainian military spokesman Yuriy Ignat told AFP.

According to Serhiy Brachuk, a representative of the southern Ukrainian region of Odessa, two more rockets were shot down by the Ukrainian air defenses.

Odessa is the largest city and the main port of Ukraine on the Black Sea coast.

It is crucial for the resumption of Ukraine's grain exports.

With the attack, Russian President Vladimir Putin "spatted in the face UN Secretary-General António Guterres and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who have made great efforts to reach an agreement," said Oleg Nikolenko, spokesman for the Ukrainian foreign ministry.

"Yesterday the export by sea was agreed, and today the Russians are attacking the port of Odessa," said the head of Ukraine's presidential office, Andriy Yermak, on Saturday.

What is needed are "effective sanctions against Russia and more weapons for Ukraine," he said.

The United Nations and the European Union immediately condemned the shelling.

Both Russia and Ukraine signed an agreement with Turkey on Friday in Istanbul, in the presence of UN Secretary-General Guterres, which makes the export of Ukrainian grain possible again.

In the agreement, Russia pledges to let ships sail along a sea corridor and not to fire at them.

The ports involved, such as the port in Odessa, should therefore not be attacked.

Hulusi Akar further said that representatives of the UN, Ukraine and Russia are already cooperating with Turkey in a joint coordination center.

The establishment of such a center in Istanbul to monitor grain exports was agreed on Friday.

"We are really concerned that such an incident has taken place immediately after the grain delivery agreement we reached yesterday," Akar said.

Turkey continues to fulfill its commitments of the agreement, it must now be implemented quickly.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan did not mention the rocket attack during a speech in Kayseri, central Anatolia.