China News Service, July 14th, according to the website of the Supreme People's Procuratorate, in order to implement the relevant arrangements of the 2022 Comprehensively Deepening Political and Legal Reform Promotion Conference and the National Procuratorial Organs Strengthening Political Construction and Deepening Procuratorial Reform and Theoretical Research Work Promotion Conference, the Supreme People's Procuratorate will use "" The third batch of typical cases of procuratorial reform of national procuratorial organs was released under the theme of "Deepening the Reform of the Operation Mechanism of Law Enforcement and Judicial Power".
There are a total of 8 typical cases, which concentratedly reflect the effectiveness of local procuratorial organs, aiming at the blocking and difficult problems in the operation of procuratorial power, refining the allocation of powers and responsibilities, strengthening restriction and supervision, serious accountability, and actively fulfilling their duties in accordance with the law to serve the high-quality economic and social development. .
According to the relevant person in charge of the Legal and Policy Research Office of the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the cases compiled this time cover the allocation of powers and responsibilities, accountability and integrated performance of duties, etc., reflecting that the improvement is scientific and reasonable, standardized and orderly, with consistent powers and responsibilities, and active in accordance with the law. , Requirements for the reform of the fair and efficient power operation mechanism——
The first is to strengthen the joint force of active performance of duties in accordance with the law.
Based on local conditions, procuratorial organs at all levels focus on the problems of uncoordinated and insufficient development of business lines, deepen integration horizontally, strengthen continuous synergy vertically, and solidly promote the comprehensive, coordinated and adequate development of various businesses.
Shandong procuratorial organs start from the fields of public interest litigation, intellectual property rights, juvenile procuratorial, false litigation, duty crime, judicial assistance, etc., and build the "four major procuratorial organs" of "integration of clues, mutual assistance in case handling, synergy of procuratorial power, and multiplication of effects". new mode.
The Hulunbuir City Procuratorate of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has explored the establishment of a mechanism of "integrated and centralized case handling in adjacent courts" in view of the characteristics of local cases and the actual situation of procuratorial work, effectively promoting the solution of the practical difficulties of insufficient case-handling personnel and weak case-handling capabilities of the grass-roots procuratorate.
The second is to improve and promote the integrated performance mechanism.
Procuratorial organs at all levels actively practice the concept of "supervising and handling cases in the process of supervision", implement the requirements for the integration of supervision and case-handling, improve the "integrated" duty performance mechanism, strengthen the integrated performance of legal supervision responsibilities by all levels of courts and departments, and continue to improve Supervise synergy.
The Jilin Provincial Procuratorate highlighted the "quality and efficiency" as the evaluation orientation, deepened the reform of the public interest litigation case handling model and management model, and actively promoted social governance.
The Jiangxi Provincial Procuratorate has established and improved an integrated working mechanism for civil litigation supervision that is unified from top to bottom, horizontal collaboration, internal transfer, and overall overall planning. For difficult cases or ineffectively organized investigations, strengthen the joint force of legal supervision of the procuratorial organs at lower and lower levels.
The chief procurator of the third-level procuratorate in Guangxi took the lead in setting an example, went deep into the front line of case handling, practiced the concept of win-win, multi-win and win-win supervision, steadily and orderly realized the full coverage of prisons, detention centers, and community corrections circuit inspections, and guaranteed criminals with high-quality criminal execution and procuratorial performance. The power of execution is exercised fairly.
The third is to deepen the construction of judicial responsibility system.
Under the framework of the "four major procuratorial" case-handling rules, all localities have further improved the list of powers and responsibilities of prosecutors in their own provinces, clarifying the scope of powers and responsibilities of prosecutors, chief prosecutors, and procuratorial committees, and intensifying the restriction and supervision of the operation of procuratorial powers.
Taking the opportunity of educating and rectifying the political and legal teams, the Xinjiang procuratorial organs took the revision of the list of powers and responsibilities as a powerful starting point for the establishment of regulations and rectification and the promotion of procuratorial reform. Responsibilities are consistently implemented.
The Zhangjiagang City Procuratorate of Jiangsu Province has carefully built a professional procuratorial case-handling team, established and improved systems and mechanisms such as overall planning, management training, and effectiveness evaluation, in order to deepen the operation of procuratorial powers and drive the high-quality development of the work of the whole hospital.
The Henan Provincial Procuratorate combined the practice of handling cases, and in accordance with the principle of "lawful evidence, following the rules, complete procedures, and pragmatic and effective", optimized disciplinary procedures, expanded and improved disciplinary effects, and encouraged active justice and responsibility.
Attachment: Typical Cases of Procuratorial Reform of National Procuratorial Organs in 2022
Case 1
Inner Mongolia Hulunbuir Procuratorate builds a model of "integrated and centralized case handling of adjacent courts"
【Key words】
Adjacent hospital integrated centralized case handling and supervision
【Reform situation】
The People's Procuratorate of Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, based on the characteristics of local cases and the reality of procuratorial work, explored the establishment of a mechanism of "integrated and centralized case handling in adjacent courts", and promoted the resolution of practical difficulties such as insufficient case-handling personnel and weak case-handling capabilities in grass-roots procuratorates.
1. Keeping close to the actual situation of the region, scientifically build a "neighboring hospital" pairing model
Hulunbuir covers an area of 250,000 square kilometers and has a permanent population of less than 2.3 million. There are 14 grass-roots procuratorates under its jurisdiction, and there are actually 208 procurators, accounting for 35.4% of the procuratorial staff.
The vast area and scattered population pose a great challenge to the timely, accurate and efficient supervision of the procuratorial organs.
In particular, some grassroots procuratorates with a small number of personnel and cases have only 2 to 5 prosecutors in addition to their leaders, and the cases are mainly simple criminal cases.
When handling major, difficult and complex cases such as group crimes involving gangs and evil, and cross-regional public interest litigation, there are major constraints in both personnel allocation and case-handling capabilities.
The mechanism of "integrated and centralized case handling of adjacent courts" is aimed at the actual situation of Hulunbuir's procuratorial organs, in accordance with the basic principles of geographical proximity and complementarity, through "pairing" of adjacent courts, mutual learning and in-depth exchanges, and give full play to the "large court". "(A hospital with more than 50 people in the whole hospital) has the advantages in the concept, experience and methods of handling difficult and complex cases, and the "small hospital" (a hospital with less than 50 people in the whole hospital) has expertise in handling Mongolian cases, which not only alleviates the The pressure of handling cases and the effective training of the team have driven the overall improvement of the quality of the city's prosecutors.
After more than three years of exploration, 7 pairs of "paired adjacent hospitals" have been formed, including Hailar District Court and Chenbaerhu Banner Court (urban and pastoral quarters), Manzhouli City Court and Zhalainuoer District Court (advanced and weak courtyards). .
The municipal-level court will coordinate the case-handling force of "pairing adjacent courts", and flexibly dispatch and integrate them according to the actual needs of case-handling work.
2. Give full play to the advantages of linkage and build an integrated case-handling system of the "Four Procuratorial Prosecutors"
Adhere to the integration of top and bottom, highlight the selection of major, difficult and complex economic crime cases involving criminals, criminals and publics, adopt the model of "integrated and centralized case handling by adjacent courts", strengthen collaborative practice, and promote the simultaneous improvement of the quality and efficiency of case handling, and the "case-case ratio" "From 1.51 in 2019 to 1.03 in January-April 2022.
(1) Concentrate superior forces to improve the quality and efficiency of handling major, difficult and complex criminal cases.
Since 2019, a total of 59 criminal cases have been handled by using the mechanism of "integrated and centralized case handling of adjacent courts", of which nearly one-third are major, difficult and complex criminal cases.
In the process of handling criminal cases involving 110 people including Zhang Moumou suspected of organizing, leading, participating in underworld organizations, etc., the Hulunbuir City People's Procuratorate uniformly called 45 prosecutors from 10 grass-roots procuratorates to form a special team to review 1,217 case files and 185 CD-ROMs , the case was reviewed and prosecuted in a timely manner, and all the procuratorial opinions were adopted by the court.
(2) Give full play to the advantageous role of different courts and improve the new pattern of civil procuratorial supervision.
Since 2019, 63 civil procuratorial supervision cases have been handled through the mechanism of "integrated and centralized case handling of adjacent courts".
Two focused on 992 special case reviews, and 315 cases of false litigation clues were investigated, including false litigation series cases, private enterprise disputes, labor dispute group visits and accumulative cases, and litigation source governance involving multiple industries.
In handling the case of Sun Moumou's illegal execution, the two-level court adopted an integrated case-handling model, and dispatched 12 experienced prosecutors to set up a special class to work in Oroqen Banner. After 27 days of teamwork, they found that civil execution was illegal. There are 20 types of problems, of which 8 types of non-standard implementation have been suggested to the court to rectify according to law.
(3) Based on the reality of the reform of centralized jurisdiction of trials, break the bottleneck of unbalanced handling of administrative procuratorial cases.
In accordance with the principle of "optimizing pairing, forming a team for a win-win situation; city court guidance, follow-up supervision", taking into account the actual situation of Hulunbuir City's trial jurisdiction reform, the 14 grassroots procuratorates are divided into 5 groups, among which the first batch of administrative procuratorial grassroots contacts in the autonomous region As the lead unit of each group, the Point Court adopts the form of pairing, such as centralized case handling, cooperation and cooperation, and mutual help and mutual learning, to promote the balanced development of the administrative procuratorate of the paired courts.
In 2020, in view of the particularity of the forest farm crossing the administrative junction of the two banners, the Oroqen Banner Hospital and the Mo Banner Hospital handled 2 administrative non-litigation enforcement supervision cases in the forest and grass field by using the mechanism of "integrated and centralized case handling of adjacent courtyards", which strengthened cooperation and cooperation. , effectively integrated the case-handling resources and achieved good case-handling results.
Since 2019, the Hulunbuir procuratorate has handled a total of 81 administrative procuratorial supervision cases through the mechanism of "integrated and centralized case handling of adjacent courts", and the Zhalainuoer District Court of the relatively weak grass-roots procuratorate has achieved zero breakthroughs.
The administrative procuratorial department of the Hulunbuir Procuratorate has formed a new case-handling mechanism of "coordinated guidance by the city court → integrated case handling of adjacent courts → coordinated promotion of various special teams".
(4) Optimizing the allocation of resources and enhancing the synergy in handling cross-regional public interest litigation cases.
Hulunbuir City has 126,000 square kilometers of forests, 100,000 square kilometers of grasslands, 20,000 square kilometers of wetlands, more than 500 lakes, and more than 3,000 rivers, forming the largest and most complete ecosystem in my country.
In the process of handling public interest litigation cases, the mechanism of "integrated and centralized handling of adjacent courts" has better solved the cases of damage to the ecological environment, which are highly cross-regional, difficult for a single grass-roots procuratorate to collect evidence completely, and insufficient experience of prosecutors in handling public interest litigation cases. disadvantages.
Since 2019, the Hulunbuir Procuratorate has handled a total of 12 public interest litigation cases through the mechanism of "integrated and centralized case handling of adjacent courts".
In 2020, the Procuratorate of Manzhouli City and the Procuratorate of Zhalainuoer District will carry out case handling by adjacent courts in response to the illegal fishing of fish migrating from the Xinkai River to Hulun Lake.
Through the formulation and issuance of procuratorial recommendations, the relevant administrative organs were urged to actively rectify and implement, and 18 joint law enforcement operations were carried out. A total of more than 800 illegal fishing personnel were persuaded to return to the river sections under their jurisdiction, and illegal fishing in Hulun Lake was stopped in time, and good supervision results were achieved.
3. Science and technology improve quality and efficiency, and use information technology to help the integrated case handling model
Based on the geographical characteristics of Hulunbuir with many points, long lines, and wide coverage, the Hulunbuir procuratorate uses technology to empower the procuratorial business, and gradually builds a unique Hulunbuir characteristic, covering the four major procuratorates, and a relatively complete comprehensive service system for intelligent case handling, including "1 "One Center" and "Five Major Systems", namely the Smart Prosecution Center and the "Smart Criminal Prosecution", "Smart Civil Prosecution", "Smart Administrative Prosecution", "Smart Public Interest Litigation Prosecution" and "Smart Case Management" systems.
The system won the "Top Ten Innovative Cases of Smart Procuratorial Affairs in the National Political and Legal Intelligent Construction in 2020".
"Pairing Adjacent Courts" applies the remote video platform and the four major business case handling systems to realize online integrated case handling by prosecutors of neighboring courts in the form of online collaboration and intelligent handling, and provide powerful intelligent assistance by means of information technology.
After the People's Procuratorate of Xin Barhu Left Banner and Xin Barhu Right Banner were paired, the all-terrain "prairie inspection through train" was used to investigate and collect evidence in rural, pastoral and forest areas, and the data was collected and transmitted to the Public Interest Litigation Command Center of Hulunbuir City People's Procuratorate , saving a lot of handling costs.
【Typical meaning】
The Hulunbuir Procuratorate, based on the characteristics of the region and the reality of procuratorial case handling, not only promotes the integrated and centralized case handling of adjacent courts, but also prevents non-adjacent courts from cross-regional and blind pairing. In terms of “strengthening the weak” and improving the quality and efficiency of case handling, by integrating and optimizing the case-handling strength of the grassroots procuratorates, the grassroots procuratorates have been promoted to perform their duties in accordance with the law, and remarkable results have been achieved.
This case-handling mechanism provides a useful reference for the border minority areas to implement the requirements of "integration of procuratorate", innovate the case-handling model, and improve the quality and efficiency of case-handling.
Case 2
Jilin Provincial People's Procuratorate established an integrated handling mechanism for public interest litigation and procuratorial cases
【Key words】
Public Interest Litigation Procuratorial Command Center for Major Cases Actively perform duties
【Reform situation】
In recent years, the People's Procuratorate of Jilin Province has focused on the issues that the party committee and government are concerned about and the people are anxiously looking forward to, deepening the reform of the public interest litigation case handling model and management model, highlighting the evaluation orientation of "quality and efficiency", giving full play to the advantages of procuratorial integration, and promoting the improvement of social governance. , achieved significant results.
1. Establish a command center for major public interest litigation cases, and improve quality and efficiency through integrated and active performance of duties
In order to promote the handling of major and influential public interest litigation cases, the People's Procuratorate of Jilin Province established the Provincial Public Interest Litigation Command Center in 2021, and formulated the "Jilin Provincial Procuratorial Organs Public Interest Litigation Command Center Operational Rules". Trial implementation)", developed and issued a work manual for the integration of public interest litigation, and through the integration of active performance of duties, focused on solving practical problems such as levels, capabilities, jurisdiction, and technology that restrict the handling of major and important cases.
(1) Establish an integrated operation mode led by the provincial hospital and linked by the third-level academies, and strengthen organizational leadership.
Set up specialized agencies.
The special organization of the command center is located in the Eighth Procuratorial Department of the Provincial Court, which has unified leadership over major public interest litigation cases in the province. and technical support groups.
Temporary task force will be set up according to the needs of handling the case.
Establish a rapid response mechanism.
For major emergency cases, rapid response and unified scheduling were initiated, the deployment of case-handling forces was realized within 2 hours, and the investigation and verification were completed within 24 hours and a report was formed.
For example, in handling a major case of black soil protection, urgently dispatching the personnel of the public interest litigation and information technology departments of the third-level courts in the province to complete soil sampling and testing, drone on-site evidence collection, on-site inspection and investigation and verification within 24 hours , forming a special report to the leadership of the provincial party committee.
Produce special reports and bulletins.
Report the clues of major and important cases, case-handling progress, case-handling effects, typical cases, key special projects, and core business data in various regions of the province every month, analyze problems, propose countermeasures, and dynamically supervise and motivate the handling of major and important cases.
According to the handling of cases, special reports on major and important cases are prepared and reported to the Party committee, the National People's Congress and the government in a timely manner.
(2) To formulate standards for major and important cases of public interest litigation, and to standardize the handling of major and important cases.
Define "big case leads".
It will cross administrative divisions and involve a wide range of cases; serious damage to public welfare, involving major national or provincial construction or strategic layout; high public attention, involving mass incidents; complex case, difficult application of law; limited jurisdiction, investigative power Restricted, clues such as large resistance to handling cases are defined as clues of major and important cases, clarify the conditions for starting integrated case handling, and guide the mining of more valuable clues of public interest litigation cases.
Formulate the "Standards and Procedures for Identifying Major Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Cases in Jilin Province", and guide the handling of major influential, typical and innovative cases through assessment and incentives.
Strengthen the "Guidelines for Handling Cases".
Prepare and distribute the "Seminar Minutes of Major and Important Cases". The difficult and complex cases and guidance opinions studied and discussed by the Provincial Court Public Interest Litigation Prosecutors' Joint Meeting will be prepared and distributed to the provincial public interest litigation procuratorial departments in the form of meeting minutes. Case handling provides professional support and case handling guidelines.
(3) Overall planning and coordinating the province's case-handling resources to solve the problems of insufficient grass-roots case-handling strength and insufficient technical support.
Call the backbone of the talent pool.
Form the "Member List of Jilin Provincial Public Interest Litigation Major and Important Case Command Center", and uniformly call 92 prosecutors in the province to join the major and important case task force.
For example, in the handling of the major public interest litigation case of Baishan mine restoration, the provincial court called a provincial prosecutor to join the Baishan task force according to the application of the Baishan Municipal Court.
The tertiary hospital tracks and supervises the performance of duties.
Create a tracking and reporting system for the implementation of pre-litigation procuratorial recommendations, and strive to solve problems before litigation through integrated tracking and supervision.
One month before the expiry of the rectification suggested by the procuratorate, if the object under supervision refuses to rectify or fails to initiate rectification not due to objective reasons, ask the higher court for instructions to coordinate and urge rectification.
Half a month before the expiration of the rectification period, if the supervised object has not rectified, it will be reported to the provincial court to urge the rectification.
If the rectification period has expired and the rectification has not been made, the Eighth Procuratorate of the Provincial People's Court shall decide and designate the case-handling unit to file a lawsuit.
The city-level court will check and confirm the actual rectification of the case within its jurisdiction, and the provincial court will go to the rectification site for random inspections.
Scheduling technical resources for handling cases.
Jointly issued the "Regulations of the People's Procuratorate of Jilin Province on Procuratorial Technology Collaboration" with the technical information department, and researched and formulated the "Jilin Provincial Procuratorate Management and Use of Administrative Law Enforcement and Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Information Sharing Work Measures" with the Provincial Administration of Government Services and Digital Construction Administration. Continuously strengthen the construction of the public interest litigation big data platform, providing more powerful technical support for the grassroots.
According to the application of public interest litigation departments in various regions, the command center uniformly coordinates and dispatches procuratorial technical resources such as food testing, soil testing, and satellite remote sensing, and coordinates the technical information department of the provincial hospital to contact relevant experts and appraisal resources inside and outside the province, so that judicial resources can be used in an orderly and effective manner. , to realize the empowerment of big data and inspection technology.
A typical case of public interest litigation in the province was selected as a typical case of national procuratorial technical assistance.
2. Build "four-dimensional management" to boost quality and efficiency with standardized management
(1) Strengthen the management of public interest litigation cases.
The "People's Procuratorate's Public Interest Litigation Case Handling Rules" has been refined, and the "Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Case Request and Filing Process Guidelines in the Province" has been issued to strengthen the filing and request case management, and improve the process management and control methods.
Strengthen record management.
It is required to report major case leads, cross-regional leads, and leads in specific fields to provincial courts, strengthen guidance and intervention in major and sensitive case leads, and carry out case cultivation in a timely manner.
Strengthen the management of key case-handling links.
Guidance and monitoring of key links such as filing of clues in major and sensitive specific areas and formulating pre-litigation procuratorial suggestions through review requests and approvals.
Strengthen process control.
Set up a special working group to monitor the filing and request for instructions through case management random inspections, unannounced inspections, etc., sample the quality of documents, and regularly prepare and issue briefings.
The "Jilin Provincial Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Case Handling Manual" was issued to provide clear guidelines for grassroots police officers.
Strengthen the management of cases involving the epidemic.
Formulate the "Emergency Response Plan for Public Interest Litigation and Procuratorial Work of Jilin Provincial Procuratorial Organs during the Epidemic Period" to respond to the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, ensure the standardized, orderly, high-quality and efficient handling of public interest litigation cases, and strive to achieve both epidemic prevention and case handling.
(2) Strengthen case management.
Establish an integrated case compilation team.
Published the "Jilin Provincial People's Procuratorate's Public Interest Litigation Case Guidance Working Mechanism", established a public interest litigation case work leading group, set up a third-level court integrated public interest litigation case work team, clarified the division of labor for the third-level court case work, and standardized the cultivation and research of integrated cases. , compilation, promotion, publication, selection and other whole process.
Establish a provincial case database.
Aggregate case information and data such as provincial-level published cases, internal guidance cases, outstanding cases in various regions, and thousands of case presentations, form a provincial public interest litigation case database, and strengthen case guidance and guidance.
Take the case results as an important part of the evaluation.
The case work situation is included in the personal performance appraisal, and grades are given according to the individual contribution, the difficulty of the case, the use of the case, and the selection of national typical cases or guiding cases.
At present, 1 public interest litigation case in the province has been selected as a national guiding case, 3 selected as a national typical case, 1 selected as a public interest litigation case brochure of the United Nations General Assembly on Biodiversity Protection, 2 selected as an excellent national public interest litigation case, and 5 cases Selected in the National Public Interest Litigation Cases Special Issue.
In the National Public Interest Litigation Thousand Cases Exhibition, the tertiary courts achieved "full coverage" and displayed 103 outstanding public interest litigation cases in the province on the Justice Network.
(3) Strengthen talent management.
Take the lead in establishing a provincial public interest litigation talent pool in the country, printing and distributing the "Jilin Provincial Procuratorial Organs Public Interest Litigation Procuratorial Talent Pool Management Measures", selecting the province's case-handling practical talents and comprehensive research talents, establishing talent information files, dynamic management, unified use, and service Public interest litigation procuratorial work.
Establish a public interest litigation talent research group to carry out special research in areas such as personal information, anti-monopoly, protection of the rights and interests of the disabled, and safe production, and provide theoretical support for the exploration of frontier areas of public interest litigation.
Strengthen the training and training of public interest litigation talents, sign a talent exchange agreement with the Provincial Department of Ecology, and carry out training in the same classroom with the courts and many administrative agencies.
At present, the province's public interest litigation team has cultivated one national outstanding public interest litigation case-handling prosecutor, three members of the national public interest litigation talent pool, five provincial procuratorial experts, ten provincial procuratorial core talents, and several procuratorial professionals. Case handler.
(4) Strengthen public relations management.
Strengthen the cooperation of the internal "four major inspectors".
Taking the "Procurator-General's Inspection of Fields" as an example, the four major procuratorial functions will be played as a whole, and integrated case handling will be promoted.
This work experience was forwarded and promoted by the Supreme Procuratorate to the national procuratorial organs.
Actively build an external collaboration platform.
Build a cross-provincial procuratorial ecological protection cooperation platform in Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, and Inner Mongolia, and hold a symposium on ecological environment resource protection in three northeastern provinces and one district in conjunction with the procuratorial organs of Liaoning, Heilongjiang, and Inner Mongolia, focusing on forest resources, Liaohe River, Songhua River, and the Northeast Tiger and Leopard Country Park protection jointly signed the cross-provincial procuratorial cooperation and cooperation opinions, established 24 cooperation mechanisms, and effectively improved the standardization and legalization of regional cooperation.
The "Interim Measures for Administrative Public Interest Litigation Consultation of Procuratorial Organs in Jilin Province" was issued to explore the use of consultation procedures to remind administrative organs to take the initiative to perform their duties before procuratorial suggestions, and to realize the purpose of safeguarding public interest before litigation as the best state for conducting public interest litigation.
Actively participate in the joint meeting of the Jilin Provincial Environmental Governance Judicial Coordination Center, promote the work cooperation of the environmental protection departments of the public security, procuratorial and judicial departments, and build a new judicial coordination mechanism for environmental resource protection in Jilin Province.
Together with more than ten departments including the Provincial Court and the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, they jointly formulated the "Several Provisions on Establishing a Linkage Mechanism for the Compensation System for Ecological Environmental Damage and the Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation System", and jointly issued the "Jilin Provincial Ecological Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Administrative Measures for Environmental Damage Compensation Funds.
Strengthen the linkage between the government and the court and the governance of the source of complaints, and promote the establishment of the "River, Lake, Forest and Grass Chief + Prosecutor-General" mechanism to promote collaborative governance.
Establish a provincial public interest litigation outside brain think tank.
Establish the province's public interest litigation expert database and public interest litigation hearer database. The experts and hearers are professionals in many fields such as ecological environment and resource protection, cultural relics protection, food and drug safety supervision, black land protection, and National People's Congress legislation. Provide professional assistance in case handling.
3. Guided by "quality and efficiency", reform the evaluation of public interest litigation business
(1) Set the core business indicators for evaluation around "quality and efficiency".
The formulation of all indicators is based on "quality and effect". The design of indicators reflects the judicial concept that "realizing public interest protection through pre-litigation procedures is the best judicial state for public interest litigation", and guides the work to focus on pre-litigation procedures and focus on handling. Major cases, focus on experience summarization, focus on case compilation, and highlight highlights.
Change the evaluation orientation that used "number of indictments" as the core sub-item.
(2) Set up personalized items.
Explore the setting of personalized compliance items according to the actual situation of each region.
Comprehensively evaluate the work of each city's state court in the past three years, the size of the jurisdiction and the economic situation, and the number of qualified cases reported by each region is used as the basis for the number of cases handled by the annual public interest litigation.
This approach can not only ensure the scale of public interest litigation cases, but also encourage localities to make continuous progress on the basis of existing work.
From January to May 2022, despite the impact of the epidemic, a total of 1,298 public interest litigation procuratorial departments across the province have filed cases, a year-on-year increase of 85.16%.
(3) Guiding the handling of major and important cases.
Through the evaluation, the chief prosecutors at all levels are encouraged to take the lead in handling major public interest litigation cases in the form of "the chief procurator patrolling the fields", so as to enhance the rigidity of pre-litigation procuratorial suggestions and the influence of public interest litigation.
Strengthen the construction of command centers for major and important cases, requiring grass-roots procuratorates to concentrate on handling large-scale, influential, and effective cases within their jurisdictions, and increase the proportion of major and important cases.
From January to May 2022, the province has carried out 168 "Chief Prosecutors' Field Trips", realizing that the leaders of the Admissions Court took the lead in handling 224 major public interest litigation cases.
(4) Guide and cultivate typical cases and work highlights.
The work performance that can reflect the effect of handling cases (such as guiding cases, typical cases, experience materials forwarded by the Supreme Court, awards in business competitions, etc.) will be regarded as key evaluations and sub-items to encourage and strengthen the cultivation of typical cases and actively create work highlights.
(5) Innovate "one table" evaluation and "dynamic" evaluation.
All evaluation-related content and data will be reflected in a table, which will be regularly announced in the notification, and the year-end evaluation basis will be accumulated monthly, and the evaluation results will be formed by assigning points one by one at the end of the year.
This method greatly reduces the intensity of the assessment work at the end of the year and the complex index of the assessment, and also realizes the dynamic monitoring of the progress of key tasks and the openness and transparency of the assessment work.
【Typical meaning】
The Jilin Procuratorate has taken an active role and made useful explorations in the public interest litigation case handling model, management model and evaluation model.
For example, formulate the criteria for identifying major and major cases, explore the rapid start of major and major cases and the overall case-handling work mode of the major and major case command center, and promote the formation of new results of procuratorial integration of "integration of case handling, personnel integration, and resource integration".
Promote the normative construction of procuratorial integration with the "four-dimensional" management law that strengthens case management, case management, personnel management, and external relationship management.
In terms of public interest litigation evaluation, it focuses on "quality and efficiency orientation", leads the transformation of work philosophy through the setting of business indicators, and encourages various regions to strive for excellence through the setting of individualized and differentiated compliance items, which has achieved remarkable results.
The innovation and reform of Jilin procuratorial organs in public interest litigation work has strong reference significance for procuratorial organs at all levels to promote public interest litigation procuratorial work.
Case 3
The People's Procuratorate of Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu Province deepens the operation mechanism of procuratorial power and carefully builds a professional case-handling team
【Key words】
Procuratorial power operation Professional case handling team Standardize responsibilities and authorities
【Reform situation】
The People's Procuratorate of Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu Province actively adapts to the requirements of procuratorial work in the new era, establishes and improves systems and mechanisms such as overall planning, management training, and effectiveness evaluation, and carefully builds a professional procuratorial case-handling team, so as to deepen the operation of procuratorial power and drive the high-quality development of the whole hospital. .
The court dispatched the case handling team of the public security procuratorate and the "compliance and enterprise protection" procuratorial case handling team has been awarded the first and second national excellent case handling teams of procuratorial organs, and is the only grass-roots procuratorate in the national procuratorial system that has been selected twice in a row.
1. All-factor planning team development path
(1) Strengthen professional training and reserve talents in advance.
Focusing closely on the fields of environmental protection and enterprise-related crimes, the procuratorial business is subdivided into several sub-fields and small subjects, and 11 prosecutors with professional expertise and promising prospects are selected as the leaders of the corresponding subjects.
In case-handling practice, professional research and other work, through subject leaders, 2-3 years as a training cycle, 3-5 professional talents who have certain influence and popularity in the province and the city are cultivated. Distinctive professional case handling teams reserve high-quality forces.
(2) Aim at the difficult points and form a tailor-made team.
Focusing closely on the key and difficult areas of the current "Four Procuratorial Prosecutions", focusing on the pilot work of local procuratorial highlights, we have established and built 11 professional case-handling teams such as "Compliance Protection of Enterprises", "Police Expedited Inspection Services", and "Yangtze River Protection", actively Drive the transition from "solo" to "team integration."
For example, the "Compliance and Enterprise Protection" procuratorial and case-handling team is responsible for the review and arrest, review and prosecution of enterprise-related cases, litigation supervision, enterprise-related crime prevention, and protection of enterprise rights and interests.
(3) Coordinate the resources of the whole hospital and scientifically allocate personnel.
In terms of organizational structure, based on departmental functions, the departmental boundaries are appropriately broken, and capable forces are selected from the whole hospital.
In terms of operation, it adopts the team case handling model of "leader + core members + other members", implements special personnel not full-time operation, and fully taps and uses case handling forces.
In terms of personnel allocation, comprehensively measure the needs of handling cases, the number of personnel, age levels, professional expertise, business experience and other factors, clarify the division of labor among teams, and pay attention to echelon training.
For example, the case-handling team of the public security procuratorate is dispatched, and 2 experienced "old criminal prosecutors" are assigned to carry out "two supervisions". Assistants and 4 clerks assist in case handling and part-time case collection and diversion work.
2. The whole chain builds team management measures
(1) Clear tasks and ensure direction.
Formulate a plan to strengthen the construction of case handling teams, clarify the short-term, medium-term and long-term planning and construction paths of each team, identify target positioning, and give full play to core advantages; clarify the field of case handling by each team, promote mechanism innovation, strengthen theoretical research, create typical cases, and strengthen courses Five general tasks including research and development, and brand building.
At the same time, each case-handling team formulated an annual work plan and specific goals, and reported it to the Political Department for the record to ensure that the team building has a direction, goals, and starting points.
(2) Tilting resources to support development.
Establish a mechanism for team members to attend the inspection committee as non-voting delegates to facilitate their participation in the study of difficult and complex cases and new types of cases in related fields.
Select and send team members to participate in professional field seminars, forums, academic salons, high-end business training, study tours, etc., and provide financial support for work research, business books, network resources, etc.
Provide help and support in case creation, experience summary, project management, etc., and build a platform in talent recruitment, business training, publicity and incentives, and selection of typical models.
(3) Strengthen evaluation and track progress.
The team leader reports the progress of the phased work at the office of the chief prosecutor every month, and the party group listens to a report on the construction of the case handling team every six months, and studies and solves the problems and difficulties in the progress.
At the end of the year, a combination of debriefing and evaluation is adopted, and the case-handling teams and individuals with obvious results and outstanding performance are given preference in the year-end assessment, prioritization and evaluation; Adjustment and other measures to punish.
The team leader is responsible for the organization of learning and discussion within the team, assignment of work to members, and performance evaluation, and the relevant evaluation results are included in the performance appraisal.
3. All-round release of team building effectiveness
(1) Drive mechanism innovation through team building.
Taking advantage of specialized case handling, actively strengthened exploration in the innovation of case handling models, grasping evidence standards, optimizing case handling procedures, and promoting social governance, and formed a number of exemplary and leading mechanism innovations.
For example, the case handling team of the public security procuratorate was dispatched to promote the establishment of a segregation mechanism for complex and simple criminal cases in the city. The application rate of the expedited judgment procedure was 69%.
The case-handling team of "Compliance and Protecting Enterprises" explored the establishment of more than 10 supporting systems for corporate compliance, and a number of practices were incorporated into the top-level design of the reform pilot.
(2) Typical cases are spawned by team building.
Establish the awareness of "one case is better than a dozen documents", based on the professional field, comprehensively excavate and cultivate typical cases, and drive the high-quality development of case work.
Since 2020, the relevant team has been awarded 11 typical cases of the highest procuratorate, 1 "Top Ten Case Handling Stories", and 12 typical cases of the provincial procuratorate.
For example, the case handling team of the public security procuratorate was dispatched to lead the establishment of a "one-stop" work platform for briefing and quick handling of cases, and to promote the implementation of the leniency system for plea guilty and accepting punishment at the grassroots level. .
(3) Feedback on talent training through team building.
Relying on the construction of a professional case-handling team, we can identify the incision for precise training of talents, and accelerate the training process of professional talents.
By authorizing the internal management responsibilities of the team leader and the post prosecutor team, gradually cultivate compound management talents who can handle cases, understand management, and can coordinate, and provide a backup force for the development of the whole hospital.
For example, the "Compliance and Protection of Enterprises" procuratorial case handling team has successively cultivated outstanding talents such as "upright and promising prosecutors" of the province's procuratorial organs, professionals in duty crime prosecution, professionals in combating cyber infringement crimes, and outstanding prosecutors in the province.
【Typical meaning】
A professional case-handling team is an effective way to optimize the allocation of judicial resources, improve the quality and efficiency of judicial performance, and enhance the specialization of judicial case-handling, the scientific organization system, and the professionalization of the procuratorial team. important support for development.
Zhangjiagang City People's Procuratorate firmly grasps the key to the construction of grassroots procuratorates in the new era, closely follows the current key and difficult areas of procuratorial case handling, makes overall planning for the professional case handling team of the whole hospital, clarifies internal management responsibilities and case handling division, strengthens performance evaluation and achievement transformation, and Building a professional case-handling team has carried out beneficial explorations, which have good demonstration and promotion value.
Case 4
The Jiangxi Provincial People's Procuratorate explores the construction of an integrated multi-disciplinary civil litigation supervision pattern
【Key words】
Integration Diversification Vertical and Horizontal Collaboration Supervision Pattern
【Reform situation】
为切实做强民事检察监督，江西省人民检察院建立健全上下统一、横向协作、内部调用、总体统筹的民事诉讼监督一体化工作机制，重点办理重大虚假诉讼监督案件以及案情复杂、群众反映强烈、需要跨区域调查、下级检察院调查确有困难或者组织调查不力等案件，增强上下级检察机关法律监督合力，提升办案质效。2020年至2021年，全省检察机关运用一体化办案机制办理民事检察案件514件，其中，提出抗诉39件，提请抗诉28件，提出再审检察建议64件，提出执行监督检察建议30件，提出审判活动违法检察建议19件，支持起诉8件。
一、强化制度建设，细化民事诉讼监督一体化履职规范
(一)制定一体化工作意见和实施方案。依照人民检察院组织法、民事诉讼法、检察官法等法律规定，制定下发《江西省检察机关建立民事诉讼监督一体化工作机制的意见》《江西省检察机关民事诉讼监督一体化工作改革实施方案》，规定在省、市、县三级院民事检察人员中统一调用办案力量，统一指挥，围绕统一目标开展工作协作，建立案件审查、调查核实、线索管理、提起监督、告知送达、专家咨询、人才管理、息诉息访、业绩考核等9项民事检察一体化工作机制。
(二)制定配套文件加强办案支持保障。制定出台《关于解决民事检察一体化办案组织问题的若干意见》以及《关于贯彻落实高检院<关于规范上级人民检察院统一调用辖区检察人员办理案件工作的通知>推进民事诉讼监督一体化改革深入开展的通知》，推动解决一体化工作中办案组织的人员构成、业务系统录入、绩效考核等问题，着力解决办案人员后顾之忧。
二、强化内外联动，增强民事诉讼监督合力
(一)强化办案力量集聚。普通民事诉讼监督案件由市级检察院、基层检察院一体化办理；重大、复杂、疑难案件由省检察院牵头成立办案组一体化办理，组建由三级检察人员共同参与的办案组。通过参与办案、联合办案，以实战方式提升基层检察院民事诉讼监督能力，补强基层检察院民事检察监督弱项。南昌市检察院整合市、县(区)两级院办案力量，成立4个相对固定的办案团队，由检察长任主办检察官的3个临时办案团队(其中检察长1名，副检察长2名)，着力解决基层检察院办案空白问题。
(二)强化内部办案线索互通。制定《江西省人民检察院关于加强虚假诉讼监督案件线索双向移送的暂行办法》《江西省人民检察院关于加强民事诉讼中审判人员违法行为线索双向移送的意见》，建立民事检察部门与本院其他职能部门案件线索双向移送机制，形成多部门通力配合监督民事诉讼的工作格局。省检察院民事检察部门协助审查研判5件民事审判法官涉嫌违法犯罪线索，对其中的新余市法官蒋某某涉嫌滥用职权线索进行分析研判，负责司法工作人员相关职务犯罪侦查部门采纳意见立案侦查。南昌新建区人民检察院第一检察部在办理2起涉嫌诈骗案件中发现存在民事生效裁判监督案件线索，将线索移送至民事检察部门，民事检察部门经过审查，对涉及的6件民事生效裁判受理审查。
(三)强化横向办案沟通协调。实施一体化工作机制后，全省各级检察院积极与公安机关沟通协调，加大支持配合力度。赣州市人民检察院与南康区人民检察院经研究后，及时将6件涉嫌虚假诉讼犯罪案件线索移送南康区公安机关查处，查实该6件案件确属虚假诉讼，南康区人民检察院依法提出监督意见，发出再审检察建议5件，提请抗诉1件。
三、强化办案重点，提升民事诉讼监督质效
(一)聚焦办理重大疑难复杂虚假诉讼监督案件。运用监督一体化机制，统一调配办案资源，集中优秀办案人员办理复杂的虚假诉讼案件，更好地排除办案阻力，发挥调查核实的最大效果。在查找和询问案件当事人、联系和咨询有关部门、核实和调取证据材料等方面加强配合协作，做到统一有序调度。省检察院为办理赣州市季某某虚假诉讼案，成立首个省、市、县三级检察院联合办案组，保障市、县两级检察院办案人员赴粤、赴沪顺利开展询问证人、调查取证等工作，依法高效提出抗诉，该案现已得到改判。
(二)聚焦办理民事生效裁判监督案件。民事生效裁判监督是民事检察工作“倒三角”问题最为集中的领域。省检察院、市级检察院通过采取人员上挂、下沉的方式，联合组建新的办案团队，着力破解“案多人少”的问题。全省组建一体化办案团队38个，办理民事生效裁判监督案件95件，占一体化办案总数的49.5%。省检察院第六检察部下派3名检察官助理到南昌市人民检察院参与一体化办案，帮助办案4件。
(三)聚焦办理审判活动、执行活动违法监督案件。聚焦审判活动违法、执行活动违法监督短板，运用监督一体化机制，合力助推精准监督，法院同期采纳执行监督检察建议457件，采纳率104.8%，位列全国第五位，法院同期采纳审判违法监督检察建议287件，采纳率101.4%。抚州市人民检察院在办理周某某与胡某某借款纠纷执行活动监督案件中，运用一体化办案机制，市县两级检察院上下联动成立专门办案组，针对本案涉及行政部门众多的实际情况，多次召集公安机关、不动产登记机关和人民法院等积极协商，最终促成多方达成一致意见，较好地维护了当事人的合法权益。
【典型意义】
江西省人民检察院转变传统的“单兵作战”办案模式，合理整合三级院办案力量，积极探索建立健全上下统一、横向协作、内部调用、总体统筹的一体化工作机制，畅通上下级信息共享渠道，有力排除办案阻力，促进高效办理案件，共同提高民事诉讼监督效率和监督质量。实践表明，立足实际，积极推进一体化履职机制，有助于实现办案资源最大化利用，增强检察监督刚性、提升检察监督质效，提升检察机关办案能力和水平。
案例5
山东检察机关构建“四大检察”融合发展新模式
【关键词】
一体化 四大检察 融合发展
【改革情况】
近年来，山东检察机关深入落实最高检“检察一体化”工作部署，着眼解决各业务条线发展不协调不充分的问题，从公益诉讼、知识产权、未成年人检察、虚假诉讼、职务犯罪、司法救助等“六大领域”入手，构建“线索整合、办案互助、检力协同、效果倍增”的“四大检察”融合发展新模式，取得显著成效。
一、注重制度先行，为“四大检察”融合发展提供规范指引
深入学习习近平法治思想和《中共中央关于加强新时代检察机关法律监督工作的意见》，认真落实最高检安排部署，制定出台《关于推动“四大检察”融合发展的指导意见(试行)》，分别从理念、业务、检力、信息、上下、内外等六个方面提出原则要求和操作指引，为全省“四大检察”融合发展提供了框架支撑。随后针对各业务条线具体实际，制定公益诉讼、知识产权、司法人员职务犯罪、未成年人检察、司法救助工作及安全生产、环境资源、食品药品、虚假诉讼等领域犯罪案件线索发现移送、检力协作配合等工作办法，逐步建立起一整套针对性、指导性和操作性都很强的“四大检察”融合发展制度体系。全省各地检察机关不断创新完善制度机制，先后有12个市级院出台推动“四大检察”融合发展的工作意见，制定配套措施140多项，经过两年多的实践运行，全省检察机关“检察一体化”的理念融合、业务融合、检力融合、上下联动及外部协作不断强化，办案机制得到优化，办案合力持续加强，办案质效明显提升。
二、注重内部整合，打破部门壁垒实现案件信息互通共享
(一)建立线索发现移送机制。探索建立各业务条线统一备案、分级管理、重点研判的线索管理制度。有的检察院在案件审结报告等终结性文书中增加相关承诺事项，规定检察官未全面审查案件办理情况，遗漏应监督事项、应移交监督线索的，应当承担主体责任。有的检察院设置法律监督事项目录指引清单，通过目录式指引、一单化管理、量化式考核，强化办案人员法律监督的自觉性、主动性和协作配合意识。2021年至2022年4月，全省三级院部门间共移交案件线索1.7万余个，成功立案1.3万余件，有效促进了检察业务互联互通。
(二)建立线索会商研判机制。省市级院每两个月、基层检察院每一个月进行业务数据分析，对法律监督线索进行及时动态研判。根据检察工作发展需要，省院制定刑事、民事、行政和公益诉讼法律监督事项(线索)发现处置和协同办理办法，明确各业务部门之间线索发现移送、配合调查取证、会商研判及情况反馈工作具体流程要求，进一步打破部门间案件信息壁垒。修订《全省检察机关检察官联席会议工作规定》，加强办案线索研判，统一法律适用、政策把握和证据标准。2021年至2022年4月，全省三级院共召开跨部门检察官联席会议2500余次，占检察官联席会议召开总数的13.9%，有效形成了工作共识和监督合力。
(三)构建检力协同办案机制。遵循司法办案规律，因事设岗，因事明责，加强办案团队建设，优化资源配置。全省配置民事、行政、公益诉讼检察官766名，占全省员额检察官总数的19%，较内设机构改革之初上升14%。共成立知识产权、企业合规、“5+N”公益诉讼、实质性化解行政争议、职务犯罪侦查等704个专业化办案团队。2021年至2022年4月，全省三级院部门间开展协助调查取证2200余次，横向协作办案人次比2020年上升18.7%。
三、注重上下联动，完善“一体化”监督办案工作格局
(一)充分发挥一体化办案优势。制定知识产权、公益诉讼、未成年人检察等一体化办案工作规定，探索跨条线、跨区域协同办案，上下联动激发检力融合，突出一体化办案效果。2021年，选取省市县20个检察院，开展知识产权检察职能集中统一履行试点工作，努力打造“捕诉监防治”全链条一体化综合司法保护体系；在全省30个基层检察院组织进行生态环境和资源保护、食品药品安全领域刑事、民事、行政和公益诉讼“四检合一”办案模式试点工作，取得积极社会效果和法律效果。
(二)充分发挥一体化人才管理优势。针对办理重大疑难复杂案件专业人员不均衡问题，根据法律法规关于跨地区调用检察人员的相关规定和政策精神，借鉴兄弟省市经验，研究统一调用辖区检察人员办理案件工作相关办法，保障必要时有效调用辖区检察人员，在全省、全市范围内实现力量整合、资源融合。2021年至2022年4月，省市两级院共调用各类检察人员408人，办理各类重大案件725件。
(三)充分发挥一体化接续监督优势。省、市级院主动发挥业务主导、对下指导、统筹协调等职能，通过提办、交办、督办、共同办理、指定管辖等方式，对重大法律监督事项跟进监督、接续监督，强化法律监督刚性和效果。对基层法律监督工作中发现的普遍性、倾向性问题，在全省集中组织专项行动，攥指成拳，扩大规模效应和社会影响。
四、注重配套保障，夯实“四大检察”融合发展基础
(一)完善考核评价机制。通过完善检察官业绩考评细则，把线索发现移送办理、案件办理协同、司法救助互通互联情况等涉及“四大检察”融合发展的评价指标纳入对检察官的业绩考核，激励检察官认真履职。有的检察院细化检察官业绩考评指标设置，把案件线索发现等20余项融合指标纳入考评范围，对有效的案件线索提供者在年度考核时给予适当加分或表彰奖励。有的检察院完善检察官履行法律监督事项，在检察业务系统上实施强制约束，引导督促检察官养成融合发展意识。
(二)加强大数据赋能。探索大数据赋能监督办案，将立案监督、侦查活动监督、羁押必要性审查、认罪认罚问题适用、案件风险评估等监督事项一体植入检察业务系统，设计完善同步审查事项清单，变原来的分散审查为集中核查，实现监督线索快速搜集、处理运转和成案办理。推动政法大数据共享平台建设，主动与公安机关等建立常态化信息共享机制，打通“数据孤岛”。有的检察院以“执法监督综合应用平台”为支撑，将涉及行政执法领域的刑事、民事、行政和公益诉讼监督融为一体，建立线索同步发现、案件协同办理、职能整合发力的监督机制，实现监督业务“四位一体”充分融合。
(三)提升干警素能培训水平。积极运用开放式、传导式、共享式等新型教学方式，开展“样板案”“样本卷”评选活动，探索推行以理念、思路、措施为一体的“AB”角工作模式，着力培养“一专多能”、能够充分适应“四大检察”融合发展需要的复合型检察人才。
【典型意义】
融合发展是“四大检察”全面协调充分发展的基本要求，也是贯彻落实检察一体原则的重要举措。山东检察机关积极构建“四大检察”融合发展新模式，涵盖了公益诉讼、知识产权、未成年人检察、虚假诉讼、职务犯罪、司法救助等主要业务领域，涉及案件线索移送、上下联动、部门协同、相互监督、大数据赋能等方面，具有较强示范借鉴意义。
案例6
河南省人民检察院从办理全国首起检察官惩戒案件入手 稳妥推进检察官惩戒工作落地见效
【关键词】
检察官惩戒 司法责任 调查
【改革情况】
党的十九大以来，最高检先后制定实施《人民检察院司法责任追究条例》《检察官惩戒工作程序规定(试行)》等规范性文件。河南省人民检察院积极落实党中央决策部署和最高检工作部署，健全检察官惩戒工作机构和制度机制，2020年经河南省人民检察院惩戒委员会审议，成功办理了全国检察机关首起检察官惩戒案件，为检察官惩戒工作实质性开展提供了有益借鉴。
一、主动争取支持，建立机构制度，切实打牢惩戒工作基础
近年来，河南省人民检察院党组自觉把推进检察官惩戒工作作为深化司法责任制综合配套改革的重要任务，坚持理念先行、制度保障，主动争取省委及省委政法委的领导和支持，成立工作机构，健全制度机制，夯实工作基础。
(一)推动成立检察官惩戒委员会。在商请有关单位推荐的基础上，经省委政法委研究并报省委审核同意，于2019年8月组织召开“河南省检察官惩戒委员会成立大会暨第一次会议”。惩戒委员会共由17名委员组成，包括主任委员1名、副主任委员5名和委员11名，涵盖了与惩戒工作密切相关的有关单位(部门)领导、人大代表、政协委员、法学专家、律师代表及全省三级检察院主要业务部门的全国、全省业务专家，其中，检察官代表委员9人，占全体委员的53%。
(二)设立检察官惩戒工作办公室。依据《人民检察院检务督察工作条例》，设立“河南省检察官惩戒工作办公室”(以下简称“惩戒办”)。惩戒办在省委政法委的指导和省检察院党组的领导下，承担检察官惩戒委员会的日常事务，包括起草惩戒工作的相关制度规定、受理登记惩戒事项、对有关材料进行审查、组织审议、制作并送达惩戒委员会文书等事项。
(三)建立完善相关制度机制。按照“于法有据、遵循规律、程序完备、务实管用”的原则，在深入调研讨论、广泛征求意见的基础上，提请惩戒委员会审议通过《河南省检察官惩戒委员章程(试行)》(以下简称《章程》)和《河南省检察官惩戒工作实施办法(试行)》(以下简称《办法》)。《章程》主要就惩戒委员会的总体工作原则、组织机构、工作职责、议事规则、工作纪律等事项进行了规范。《办法》主要就惩戒工作的总体要求、线索受理、调查核实、提请审议、惩戒处理及申诉救济等事项进行了规范，构建形成了“人民检察院调查核实—惩戒委员会审议提出审查意见—相关单位严格依规依纪惩戒处理”的总体制度框架。
二、积极探索实践，稳妥推进实施，成功办理首起惩戒案件
2020年，河南省人民检察院在办理“群众信访件件有回复”案件工作中，收到反映洛阳市某基层院在办理张某某寻衅滋事一案中存在违规违法办案问题的举报信件后，经初步审查，发现该案承办检察官李某某涉嫌违反检察职责，遂严格按照检察官惩戒工作程序对该问题线索进行了调查处理。
(一)开展司法责任调查。2020年5月，河南省、洛阳市两级检察院共同组建专业化团队，对当事检察官李某某开展司法责任调查，并组织一线检察官和刑事检察业务专家对调查结论反复论证、严格把关。经查，李某某在原案办理中，为争取办案时间，错误理解和适用退回补充侦查的有关法律规定，在原案指定管辖前已经两次退回补充侦查的情况下，第三次退回公安机关补充侦查，违反刑事诉讼法关于“补充侦查以二次为限”规定，造成办案期限超期，并引发信访问题；且李某某在后期已经意识到此问题的情况下，为掩盖自身错误，在该院检委会研究此案时未如实汇报有关情况，导致该问题未被及时发现和处理。据此，调查组提出“李某某存在违反检察职责行为，属重大过失，应承担相应司法责任”的调查结论。
(二)依法提请审议。因李某某明确表示对调查认定的责任事实、证据和结论无异议，惩戒办依据《办法》规定对司法责任调查材料进行审查后，经省检察院检察长签发并报惩戒委员会主任委员决定，于6月24日向惩戒委员会委员分别呈送了提请审议公函和调查材料，组织对司法责任调查意见进行了书面审议。经审议，17名委员中有15人认为“李某某存在重大过失，应承担相应司法责任”。7月14日，惩戒办报经惩戒委员会主任委员同意，制发了审查意见书。
(三)严格依规依纪惩戒处理。7月15日，根据惩戒委员会审查意见和《办法》有关规定，决定给予李某某警告处分。李某某表示接受处分决定，并作深刻检查。
三、紧贴司法办案，深化标本兼治，拓展提升惩戒工作效果
河南省人民检察院坚持边探索边总结结合办理首起惩戒案件实践，进一步优化了惩戒工作程序，规范形成了由16份制式文书组成的惩戒案件文书模板，并以此为契机，跟进加强检察官惩戒制度宣传，深入开展警示教育。
(一)强化“有权必有责”思想共识。在此案办理中，河南省人民检察院主动抓住时机，宣传阐释建立惩戒制度的目的和重要意义。案件办结后，又及时通报全省检察机关，加强对外宣传，着力在内部凝聚思想共识，在外部创造良好环境，为惩戒工作的全面开展打下良好基础。
(二)强化程序与实体并重的司法理念。进入新时代，人民群众对公平正义有了更高的期待，要求正义不仅要实现，而且要以看得见的方式实现，但“重实体、轻程序”的问题在一线办案干警和基层检察院中仍较突出。本案中当事检察官对案件实体的处理并无不当，就是因程序违法而引发群众信访。通过此案办理，河南省人民检察院适用惩戒制度对程序违法行为进行认定处理，明确释放“即使案件实体公正，但程序违法造成严重后果一样要承担司法责任”的信号，警示教育全省检察干警切实强化程序与实体并重理念，以“求极致”“止于至善”的标准办好每一起案件。通过此案的震慑警示，河南检察机关2021年以来因程序违法被处理处分的检察人员数量出现明显下降。
(三)增强优化“案-件比”的责任意识。首起惩戒案中当事检察官将案件第三次退补，除对法律规定理解错误的因素外，主要目的就是为了争取办案时间而非案件办理需要。此案办理后，河南省人民检察院及时在全省三级检察院开展以案促改、以案促治，教育督促全省检察干警深入剖析宗旨意识、能力素质上存在的突出问题，自觉增强优化“案-件比”责任意识，努力提升办案质效。
【典型意义】
习近平总书记强调：“建立法官、检察官惩戒制度，对落实法官、检察官办案责任制，促进法官、检察官依法行使职权，维护社会公平正义具有重要意义。”建立检察官惩戒制度是检察机关落实司法责任制、健全完善司法责任体系，促进检察官依法公正行使检察权的必然要求。河南省人民检察院以首起惩戒案件办理实践为契机，按照“于法有据、遵循规律、程序完备、务实管用”的原则不断健全完善相关制度机制，充分发挥惩戒案件的教育、警示、预防和引领作用，扎实做好惩戒工作“后半篇文章”，推动检察办案质效提升的有关做法，为各地检察机关推进此项工作提供了较好的借鉴。
案例7
广西检察机关全面深化巡回检察赋能刑事执行检察高质量发展
【关键字】
巡回检察 交叉巡回检察 减假暂
【改革情况】
2019年以来，广西检察机关积极贯彻落实最高检巡回检察改革要求，深入推进监狱巡回检察，渐次推开看守所巡回检察，稳步推动社区矫正巡回检察。通过“派驻+巡回”检察方式的变革，不断优化监督方式方法，突出监督重点难点，提升监督刚性。
一、践行“三个自觉”，切实将讲政治落到实处
(一)从讲政治的高度强化监狱巡回检察的组织领导。自治区检察院积极履行领导责任、主体责任，常态化开展监狱交叉巡回检察。院领导担任巡回检察组长，配齐配强巡回检察人员力量，并邀请消防安监、法医鉴定等专业人士参与，以“真找问题，找真问题”的态度开展巡回检察，力求实效。截至2022年5月，已组织对12所监狱开展交叉巡回检察，共发现监狱在刑罚执行、狱政管理、教育改造方面存在的问题77类146个，督促监狱整改落实，提升监管执法水平和教育改造质量。2021年自治区检察院茅仲华检察长带队参与最高检跨省交叉巡回检察，圆满完成工作任务，广西交叉巡回检察组获评全国检察机关执检条线优秀办案团队。
(二)以政治责任强化能动履职。坚持巡回检察就是办案，严格做到事前有方案、事中有记录、事后有报告，并跟踪整改落实情况。突出检察重点，不断推动巡回检察的“四个转变”。即从注重发现一般性问题向注重发现重大和深层次问题转变，从注重发现监狱执法问题向注重发现背后的相关职务犯罪问题转变，从注重发现和提出问题向注重发现、提出和推动有效解决并重转变，监督与支持监狱进一步提升刑罚执行和监管执法质量，共同维护司法公正。
(三)以政治智慧统筹推进疫情防控和巡回检察。将疫情防控安全作为底线，每次巡回检察前，均主动走访司法行政机关和监狱管理部门，反复磋商，争取充分理解和支持，制定专门的疫情防控方案并报疫情防控部门审批备案。及时调整监督方式，以书面审查、视频检察等“非接触检察方式”为主，以采取与监狱干警同步封闭、集中隔离14天后进入监区实地调查核实为辅，做到疫情防控和检察工作两不误。
二、以实践经验推动机制完善，促进监督履职规范化
始终坚持问题和效果导向，以巡回检察发现问题助力派驻检察防治监管失职违法。
(一)强化“减假暂”实质审查。针对巡回检察和“减假暂”倒查30年中发现的“减假暂”监督形式化问题，出台《广西检察机关审查减刑、假释案件工作指引(试行)》，严格规范减刑、假释案件实质化审查。
(二)理顺派驻和巡回检察之间的关系。充分发挥派驻检察具有的同步性、常态化优势，让其成为巡回检察的“基层办案单元”。针对派驻检察虚化、弱化等问题，制定广西检察机关派驻监狱、看守所检察室工作指引，进一步厘清派驻和巡回检察职责，强调衔接配合，切实做深做实巡回检察和做好做优派驻检察。
(三)践行双赢多赢共赢监督办案理念。深化与司法行政机关、监狱的良性互动，将与司法行政机关、监狱的沟通协调贯穿于巡回检察的全过程。巡前沟通消除分歧凝聚共识，巡中协调做实做细巡回具体工作，巡后反馈督促问题整改到位，共同分析巡回发现的共性问题、体制机制问题，研究建立长效机制。
三、以监狱巡回推动探索创新，实现条线巡回全覆盖
(一)优化刑事执行检察格局。2021年1月，广西5个刑事执行派出院由自治区直管直派，形成由刑事执行派出院集中监督全区19所监狱执法活动，区、市、县三级检察院分别对全区96个看守所执法活动进行同级监督的刑事执行检察工作新格局。职责更清晰、监督更精准、办案更专业，为充分发挥“巡”的优势和“驻”的便利奠定基础。
(二)大力推进看守所巡回检察。先后在桂林等地市开展看守所巡回检察试点，开展常规、交叉巡回检察共39次，共发现并监督纠正看守所问题330个。在促进看守所提升新时代监管执法水平的同时，不断完善看守所检察清单，对看守所巡回的方式方法、组成人员、监督重点以及派驻与巡回如何融合促进等问题进行了有益的探索，使得看守所检察监督更加精准。
(三)积极探索社区矫正巡回检察。自觉参照监狱、看守所巡回检察，先后在南宁、梧州等6个地市开展社区矫正巡回检察试点和涉民营企业社区矫正对象赴外地生产经营请假活动法律监督试点，依法能动履职，推动解决社区矫正对象违法持有机动车驾驶证，社区矫正对象经常性跨市、县活动难等突出问题，更深融入社会治理。
【典型意义】
广西检察机关不断深化落实最高检巡回检察改革要求，三级检察院检察长率先垂范，深入办案一线，优化刑事执行检察格局，加强案件实质化审查，理顺派驻和巡回的关系，强化沟通协调，推动监狱、看守所提升监管执法水平，稳步有序实现对监狱、看守所、社区矫正巡回检察的全覆盖，对促进巡回检察制度机制的完善具有积极意义。
案例8
新疆检察机关修订检察委员会、检察官“权责双清单” 确保权责清晰、程序规范
【关键词】
权责清单 有序放权 制约监督
【改革情况】
近年来，随着司法体制改革不断深化，检察职能发生较大变化，为更好落实司法责任制，2021年11月，新疆检察机关修订印发自治区检察院检察委员会、检察官“权责双清单”，由“权力”至“权责”，凸显司法责任落实的重要性，确保检察官办案主体与责任主体有机统一、权责一致。
一、坚持讲政治与抓业务相统一，高站位谋划部署
(一)“检察官权力清单”修订为“检察官权责清单”。针对司法实践中部分检察官推诿办案责任以及权责不一致等情形，修订的权责清单中进一步突出了检察官的办案主体和责任主体地位，本着“充分放权”“应放尽放”原则，在法律原则性规定和检察长授权之下，由检察官在办案中依法履行对大部分程序性事项和部分实体性事项的决定权，使“谁办案谁负责、谁决定谁负责”的司法责任制真正落到实处。
(二)“检察委员会权力清单”修订为“检察委员会权责清单”。强化检察委员会作为办案组织、重大业务工作议事决策机构的专业功能，针对检察委员会权责不够清晰、部分职能定位模糊等突出问题，明确重大疑难复杂案件范围10项，案件清单范围14项，与检察官办案决定权限予以清晰区分；同时，新增事项清单范围10项、检察长权责11项、办事机构职责9项等内容。
自“权责双清单”修订以来，新疆检察机关“四大检察”“十大业务”办案质效持续向好。2022年以来，新疆检察机关撤回起诉、法院判处免予刑事处罚人数同比明显下降，刑事抗诉采纳率、民事抗诉改变率与行政裁判案件提出监督意见采纳率位居全国前列，不捕、不诉复议(复核)改变率均优于全国平均水平，公益诉讼案件受理数同比显著上升。2022年1至4月，在最高检确定的60项质效指标中，33项位居全国前十，15项位居全国第一，整体挺进全国前列。
二、坚持放权与监督相平衡，与“四大检察”办案规则相衔接
(一)进一步厘清权责主体界限。“权责双清单”进一步厘清了检察官与检察委员会、检察委员会与检察长等不同办案主体之间的权责界限。按照“一类事项原则上由一个部门统筹、一件事情原则上由一个部门负责”要求，以案件类型和业务性质为基础，调整优化业务机构职能配置，按照10个业务条线和3个综合业务条线对检察官司法办案权责作出整合、吸收和增删，分设为12个业务类型274项检察官办案权责清单。比如，将原综合业务管理职能类切分为法律政策研究(国际合作)、案件管理综合业务类权责清单；又如，新增公益诉讼检察、未成年人检察和检务督察3类权责清单。对每类、每项检察业务详细明确了检察官负责决定的办案事项范围，确保办案责任落到实处。
(二)突出检察官办案主体地位。立足新疆检察实践，坚持突出检察官办案主体地位与保证检察委员会、检察长对司法办案工作的领导相统一，加强对检察权运行的制约监督，避免权责推诿或放任。检察官办案权责清单第十五条、第十六条就可能对国家安全和社会稳定产生重大影响的、公检法机关对案件处理存在重大分歧意见等六种情形，要求检察官及时向业务部门负责人、检察长报告办理情况，进行实时监督。
(三)科学划分检察委员会案件清单范围。为切实提高抗诉案件精准性和再审检察建议刚性，解决新疆检察机关刑事抗诉率长期偏低等难题，在调研2018年以来办理抗诉、提出再审检察建议数据的基础上，依据办案实际和近三年相关案件数据，合理划分检察委员会案件清单范围，对于刑事案件按照二审程序提出抗诉支持抗诉的、抗诉不当撤回抗诉的、依照审判监督程序提请抗诉的、提出再审检察建议等4种情形，权责清单明确规定由检察长提交检察委员会决定。上述修订既符合办案司法规律，又契合新疆检察实际，进一步提高了新疆检察机关刑事抗诉率和意见采纳率，真正做到“敢抗、善抗、抗准”相统一，确保权责清单与检察业务相互促进、良性互动。
三、坚持与质效考核指标相对应，落实清单目标任务
In order to further implement the provisions of the Supreme People's Procuratorate's "Main Evaluation Indicators of Case Quality of Procuratorial Organs", and focus on the bottleneck problems and key links that restrict the quality and efficiency of procuratorial work in Xinjiang, the Xinjiang District Court has jointly signed or issued separately with relevant units in recent years. The "Working Procedures for Handling Civil Protests and Retrial Procuratorial Proposed Cases (for Trial Implementation)", "Interim Measures for Optimizing Criminal "Case-case Ratio", "Implementation Measures for Further Regulating Return to Supplementary Investigation" and other regulations, focusing on fewer arrests and careful prosecution The criminal justice policy of prudent custody, focusing on the case quality and efficiency indicators such as the leniency system for admitting guilt and accepting punishment, the rate of non-arrest and non-prosecution, and the “case-case ratio” of civil administration, will extend the period for review and prosecution, return to supplementary investigation, conduct investigation and verification, and suspend civil administration. 13 powers such as case review are raised by the prosecutor to the chief prosecutor for decision, further standardizing the exercise of procuratorial powers in important case-handling links, and ensuring that the implementation of judicial responsibilities and the quality and efficiency of case-handling are coordinated.
【Typical meaning】
The Supreme People's Procuratorate has formulated and issued the "four major procuratorial" case-handling rules, requiring all provincial courts to focus on key areas and key links to further sort out and improve the power list system for prosecutors at the same level, to ensure that power comes with responsibility, and the use of power is supervised.
The Xinjiang District Court has paid close attention to the bottlenecks and key links restricting the quality and efficiency of Xinjiang’s procuratorial work, fully absorbed a series of effective normative documents jointly signed by the Procuratorate of the Autonomous Region with relevant units or issued separately in recent years, and revised the “Dual List of Powers” It has been improved into a "double list of rights and responsibilities", which is linked with the "four major procuratorial" case handling rules, and corresponds to the quality and efficiency assessment indicators, forming a case-handling subject that is the responsible subject, "whoever handles the case is responsible, and whoever decides who is responsible" has rights and responsibilities. The clear, standardized procedures, and practical operating guidelines regulate the exercise of procuratorial powers in important case-handling links, promote the alignment of powers and responsibilities, and the adaptation of powers and responsibilities, injecting vitality into the high-quality development of Xinjiang's procuratorial work, and providing a guarantee.