"Excluding the rent, there's not much left in the salary"
Policies have been introduced in many places to solve the problem of difficult and expensive rental housing for graduates in big cities
□ Zhang Shoukun, a trainee reporter of this newspaper
□ Our reporter Zhao Li
Li Chen, from Suzhou, Anhui, is about to graduate from college. Not long ago, he passed five tests and got an offer from a Shanghai company. He didn't expect troubles to follow. He was going to share a room near the company he joined. Originally, after negotiating with the landlord, the rent was determined to be more than 3,000 yuan per month, but a few days later, the landlord suddenly notified him that he would raise the price by 600 yuan.
"I wanted to look for a house again, but I searched around and found that the rental price of similar houses has generally increased by 500 to 800 yuan recently." This made Li Chen quite a headache, because his monthly salary during the probationary period after joining the job was more than 5,000 yuan. The rent has dropped, and the wages have been reduced.
In big cities, especially first-tier cities, there are many college graduates like Li Chen who are worried about renting a house.
In order to get a decent job or realize their ideals and self-worth, they find ways to stay and work in big cities, but at the same time they have to face the high rents in big cities.
This is really unbearable for some college graduates who are about to enter the workplace and have relatively limited income.
How to solve the problems of college graduates who are difficult and expensive to rent in big cities?
Recently, a number of experts were interviewed by a reporter from the "Rules of Law Daily" and proposed that they should further improve the housing security system, strengthen the construction of low-rent housing, ensure that the city has a continuous and recyclable supply of low-cost housing, and protect workers, especially college graduates. The right to adequate housing.
have more employment opportunities
Choose to stay in big cities after graduation
Should I stay in Hefei, Anhui, where I have been studying for 4 years, or return to my hometown, Huaibei?
For Liu Yang, a college graduate, there is no need to think about this issue.
"Of course, we will continue to stay in the big city. Not only does it give people a broader perspective, but the most important thing is that there are more employment opportunities, better wages and a more level playing field." Liu Yang said that in order to stay in the big city, she I am preparing to take the civil service exam, if not, I will continue to take the postgraduate entrance examination.
The reason why Li Yu, a college graduate from Binzhou, Shandong, chose to stay in a big city is also because of the diverse employment opportunities here.
During his college years, he majored in programming, which has neither demand nor corresponding positions in small cities. "After graduation, finding a way to stay in a big city is the only option."
There are not a few graduates who have the same idea as Liu Yang and Li Yu.
According to the statistics of 58.com and direct recruitment in the market, Shenzhen and Guangzhou are the preferred employment cities for a large number of graduates. Among them, the net inflow rate of Shenzhen graduates is 3.5%; in addition, Changsha, Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin are also popular among graduates. , showing a net inflow trend.
For "post-00s" graduates, for personal development, they are more inclined to go to new first-tier cities such as Hangzhou, Xi'an, Changsha, Chengdu, and Qingdao for employment.
Li Haiming, an associate professor at the Central University of Finance and Economics, said that the concentration of talents in big cities is a worldwide trend, and most countries have a tendency to concentrate their populations in big cities.
"There are many colleges and universities in big cities. College students complete their studies and even internships here, and they are very familiar with the city. In addition, there are relatively more employment opportunities in big cities, and the employment environment and the rule of law environment are relatively better, leaving employment as the first choice. There are also some graduates who are passively employed between 'the countryside that cannot go back' and the 'cities that cannot be left', and ultimately lower their requirements and stay in big cities." Li Haiming said.
High rent disputes are frequent
It's not easy to work in the city
If you want to stay in a big city to work, there are both opportunities and problems.
One of the big problems is the difficulty of renting a house.
Zhao Ping, a native of Nanyang, Henan, who was studying in a university in Beijing, received employment notices from two law firms before graduation, one in Chaoyang, Beijing, and one in Zhengzhou, Henan.
After weighing it again and again, Zhao Ping decided to join a law firm in Zhengzhou.
"The main reason is that the rent in Beijing is too high, and I can't afford it." Zhao Ping told reporters that renting a bedroom of about 10 square meters near the above-mentioned Beijing law firm costs more than 3,000 yuan per month. If you want to reduce the monthly rent to 2,000 yuan Within RMB, the daily commute time must be more than 1 hour one way.
"The work intensity of the law firm is quite high. If I have to squeeze the bus and subway for a long time every day, I feel that I can't hold on."
According to the latest monthly report on the Beijing real estate rental market by the Shell Research Institute, in 2022, the average price of newly listed houses in Beijing will rise significantly compared with last year. Before the college graduation season, the listed rent price in April has been Approaching peak levels in 2021.
According to CRIC data, cities such as Shanghai started a mode of small growth in May this year.
In addition to renting expensive, renting a desirable house is not easy.
Problems such as college graduates encountering "black intermediaries", landlords suddenly asking for price increases, and false propaganda are also frequently reported in the newspapers.
Wu Di, a college student from Tianjin who graduated this year, encountered such a trouble.
He found a room with a lower monthly rent in Hebei District, and everything was ready, but the landlord temporarily asked him to buy some electrical appliances and furniture, which he could not take away after checking out.
And these requirements have not been presented in the contract before.
Wu Di, who had no way out, had no choice but to accept it.
Some media recently launched a questionnaire survey on college students across the country, showing that more than 40% of the respondents said that they or their relatives and friends encountered unreasonable price hikes by the landlord when the lease was renewed, the deposit was not refunded when checking out, and additional fees were required during the stay; in addition, , failure to sign a contract, decoration pollution, second landlord earning price difference, landlord or housing manager not performing maintenance obligations in accordance with the contract, etc., and even the use of rent loan intermediaries to run away.
Relevant policies have been introduced in many places
Working together to solve the rental problem
In order to solve the problem of college graduates renting, many places have introduced policies such as subsidies for graduates, reduction or exemption of rent deposits, etc., to provide housing rental services during the graduation season.
On June 8, the Wuhan Municipal Government Network of Hubei Province issued the "Notice on Further Doing a Good Job in the Employment and Entrepreneurship of College Graduates Studying in China". Those who have obtained a full-time college degree or above from ordinary colleges and universities, graduated within 6 years, and started from the date of this notice. College graduates who are employed and start a business in Han and pay social insurance normally, and whose families do not own housing in Han, rent rental housing for talents within the validity period of qualification, and pay rent at a rate not higher than 70% of the market rent. more than 3 years.
Recently, the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau of Fuzhou City, Fujian Province issued the "Notice on Further Doing a Good Job in Free Accommodation for College Graduates' Job Search and Internship", stating that within three years of graduation (including the graduation year), full-time colleges and universities that intend to seek employment, start a business, practice, and train in Rong are out of town. Student graduates can apply for free accommodation for a maximum of one year, and each person can only enjoy it once.
To regulate the housing rental market and protect the legitimate rights and interests of lessees, it is necessary to further demonstrate the role of legislation.
The "Beijing Housing Rental Regulations", which was recently deliberated and adopted and will be implemented from September 1 this year, stipulates that the Beijing Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Department shall strengthen the monitoring of housing rental prices. When housing rents rise significantly or are likely to rise significantly, Beijing The people's government may take price intervention measures such as declaration of price increase, restriction of rent or rent increase, etc., to stabilize the rent level.
If the lessor refuses to execute, it shall be handled by the market supervision and management department according to law.
Li Haiming believes that direct reductions and exemptions are temporary means and direct interventions.
Used well, it can relieve a moment of urgency.
However, from the perspective of the effect of medium and long-term application, the employees of the rented house will eventually bear the cost, and the rent reduction or exemption will eventually be transferred to the renter of the rented house.
The problem of difficulty in renting a house for graduates should be solved by the improvement of the housing security system and the realization of workers' right to obtain adequate housing.
Li Jing, a teacher at the Law School of China Institute of Labor Relations, suggested that local governments strengthen the construction of low-rent housing to ensure a continuous and recyclable supply of low-rent housing in the city; relevant departments regulate the rental market and conduct regular inspections to ensure that there are no hidden dangers in rental houses and rental information Real; schools and other schools carry out anti-fraud science popularization and legal publicity in rental housing.
In addition to solving the problem of renting a house, in Li Haiming's view, in order to retain and retain college graduates in big cities, various supporting work should also be done, such as strengthening the implementation of the legal system of labor and social security, and ensuring that the laborers who have just entered the job market legitimate rights and interests; improve the labor and personnel file management system to ensure that the files of college graduates do not become a burden; strengthen the management of the human resources service market, and strengthen the professional development norms in the industry norms, so that college graduates can obtain good careers after employment training and career development, etc.
(All college graduates in the text are pseudonyms)