Observation on the first line of harvest in Henan, the main wheat producing area

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 11th.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter

　　The people take food as their heaven, and the food is abundant in the world.

　　From the shore of the Yangtze River to the banks of the Yellow River, from Tongguan to Shanhaiguan, the vast land of our country, the steel torrent of the harvester is rushing, and the golden wheat grains are returning to the warehouse.

After 7 months of hard work, the main summer grain producing areas have ushered in harvests one after another.

　　As the first season of annual grain production, summer grain accounts for 40% of my country's ration, and the abundance of summer grain is stable throughout the year.

From sowing to harvest, the main production areas such as Henan and Shandong have passed the barriers of resisting autumn floods, promoting weak seedlings, preventing diseases and insects, and preventing dry and hot winds, and the planting area and output have remained stable.

　　Another bumper summer grain harvest at a high starting point allows the Chinese to hold their rice bowls more firmly.

Stabilize area and increase production capacity: "grain bags" are guaranteed throughout the year

　　In Changlou Village, Acheng Town, Yanggu County, Shandong Province, the puddles of last year are now golden and the wheat waves are rolling.

　　"Two days ago, the county agricultural department came to measure production and said that one mu of land can reach 1,300 kilograms, which is more than 100 kilograms higher than normal years!" Chang Shaobing, a major grain grower, said that affected by the autumn floods of the Yellow River, he contracted the 150 kilograms. The acres of land had not been sown until early December last year.

Under the suggestion of agricultural technicians, Chang Shaobing adopted the new technology of mulching planting.

　　From germination, tillering, jointing, ear opening to harvesting, the growth of wheat at each stage was beyond Chang Shaobing's expectations, and the upcoming high yield made him even more delighted.

The investment of 80 yuan per mu of mulch film is so worth it!

　　People work hard in the face of natural disasters.

Although the planting of winter wheat in Shandong was generally delayed by more than half a month last year, data from the Shandong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs showed that the receivable area of ​​wheat in Shandong this year was 60.03 million mu, 120,000 mu higher than last year.

　　In the face of unfavorable factors such as autumn floods and rising prices of agricultural materials, the main summer grain producing areas rose to the challenge to ensure stable grain sown area and unreduced output.

　　More than 85 million mu, which is the sown area of ​​winter wheat last year in Henan, the "granary of the Central Plains", which is basically the same as in previous years.

　　Ma Wanli, deputy director of the Agricultural Office of the Henan Provincial Party Committee and deputy director of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that the seedling situation in some disaster-hit areas was weak. , to fully promote the transformation and upgrading of seedlings.

　　Wang Xianzhu, a major grain grower in Shangle Village, Weihui City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, is located in the flood storage and detention area, and all of it was flooded last year.

He planted 66 mu of wheat on the land where tractors were "impossible".

The harvest is just around the corner, and Wang Xianzhu can't hide his joy: "Last year, the moisture content was good, this year's weather is good, and one mu is 200 pounds more than in previous years!"

　　The sown area in disaster years has not decreased, laying a solid foundation for stabilizing summer grains.

The main producing areas are going all out to fight the decisive battle of wheat harvest and strive to win the "good start" of grain production throughout the year.

　　4 million sets (sets) of agricultural machinery, more than 400 cross-regional machine receiving and reception service stations, 50,000 agricultural machinery cross-regional operation permits, 1,460 agricultural machinery supply guarantee gas stations... In Henan, one for the "decisive battle" in Sanxia The established service network will escort the harvest in the Central Plains.

　　In Shandong, 280,000 agricultural machinery technicians and agricultural machinery operators are sweating and fighting, and 2,200 service vehicles and 4,500 service members of Weichai Lovol, a leading agricultural machinery enterprise, are busy in various harvesting areas to ensure the efficient operation of various types of machinery.

　　Provide green free access, free nucleic acid testing, and preferential price refueling for agricultural machinery personnel, and provide emergency rush harvesting voluntary services for farmers who cannot return to their hometowns, farmers who cannot go to the ground, and families in need... A guarantee service measures are precisely used to accelerate the harvest of summer grain.

　　At present, the progress of the national wheat harvest is more than half.

As of June 10, the wheat harvest area in Henan has exceeded 82.75 million mu, accounting for about 97% of the province's planting area; Shandong wheat harvest has completed 27.43 million mu, accounting for 45%, and has entered the peak harvest period.

　　Under the initiative of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the agricultural and rural authorities of Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Shanxi and other eight provinces signed a cooperation agreement on agricultural machinery emergency response and disaster relief in the Huanghuaihai region to jointly respond to droughts, floods, extreme Weather and other emergencies ensure that the summer grains are harvested and the grains are returned to the warehouse.

Passing the "Three Passes" to Guarantee Quality

　　Counting the number of ears, checking the number of grains, and calculating the yield... In Muwangzhuang Village, Leiji Town, Xiajin County, Dezhou, Shandong, after a busy morning, Li Xinhua, a researcher at the Crop Research Institute of the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, finally let go.

　　"The wheat is growing very well, and the number of ears per mu is higher than usual, and there is no lodging wheat after the yield test." He said that although the early autumn was affected by the late sowing of the autumn flood and the weak seedling condition, driven by scientific and technological measures to strengthen the seedlings, wheat has grown. Strong individual, strong group.

　　"Promoting the weak to become strong", "Insects take grain", "Longkou takes grain"... Summer grain production "breaks three barriers", and the barriers are not easy.

　　Ji Hongce, director of the Dengzhou Agricultural Technology Center, was also excited when he saw the predicted wheat yield of 602 kilograms at the 35,000-mu national standardized production base of green food raw materials in Dengzhou, Henan Province.

　　"The expected yield is even better than last year, and the city's production will increase by about 2% this year." Looking back on the production of this season's wheat, Ji Hongce pointed his finger at each other and said that at each growth stage, they had to monitor and investigate about 600 sampling points, and make Sampling to conduct surveys on soil moisture, agricultural damage, and agricultural information in wheat fields to make technical guidance more accurate.

　　From "bumper harvest in the field" to "bumper harvest in the warehouse", controlling the loss of agricultural machinery harvesting is the key link.

　　On June 2, in Tancheng County, the southernmost part of Shandong Province, in the wheat field that had just been "shaved" by the harvester, the referee framed the evaluation areas, put the stalks into the dustpan, and searched for the hidden wheat grain by grain. , into a paper cup.

　　This is a "less" competition. Under the premise of the same working conditions such as grain moisture, the operator with less leakage and shorter time is the winner.

　　Seeing that there were few "harvests" by the referee team, and only a few missing grains of wheat were found in some evaluation areas, Ma Genzhong, deputy head of the Shandong Agricultural Machinery Technology Promotion Station, laughed.

He was satisfied with the result of the competition.

　　"If each mu of wheat is harvested with 10 catties less, the 60.03 million mu of winter wheat in Shandong can restore 600 million catties of grain, which is a considerable figure." said Wang Fengyong, a second-level researcher at the Agricultural Mechanization Management Department of the Shandong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

　　He introduced that Shandong adheres to the principle of "reducing losses means increasing production, and reducing consumption means increasing income", continues to dig deep into the potential of machine harvest reduction, organizes and carries out large-scale propaganda, training and competition activities for machine harvest reduction, and strives to strive for the average machine harvest loss of wheat under normal conditions in the province. If the rate is reduced to less than 2%, "one pound can be saved is one pound".

Stabilize prices and boost confidence: "ballast stone" is further consolidated

　　"This year is a bumper harvest. One mu can produce 1,300 catties of wheat. The price per catty is 1.5 yuan, and the income per mu is 1,950 yuan." Sitting on the ground, Zhao Jiancheng, a major grain grower in Tanghe County, Nanyang, Henan, calculated the account: "Excluding the cost per mu With more than 700 yuan, and after deducting half a year's rent, summer grain alone can earn seven or eight hundred yuan per mu."

　　Seven years ago, some local villagers chose to go out to work because they "did not make money" and entrusted Zhao Jiancheng to help with farming.

Along the way, he gradually mastered the know-how of large-scale operation, and the income from farming increased steadily, which led a group of farmers to expand the scale of planting through land transfer.

　　The degree of mechanization and intelligence of agricultural production continues to improve, which also makes food production easier and more certain.

　　Approaching the harvest, high temperatures above 35 degrees Celsius continued to occur in many places in Dezhou, Shandong, and there were severe hot and dry winds.

Li Qingjie, a major grain grower in Xiajin County, is not worried at all. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation system installed in the field is "relieving the heat" for wheat.

　　This system is part of the "Water and Fertilizer Integration Project" that Xiajin County has implemented this year for high-standard farmland construction.

Relying on the scientific research team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it has built a complete agricultural science and technology system, connected to data resources such as soil detection, small weather stations, satellite remote sensing, etc., and can obtain water, soil, and air information in real time, and accurately perceive agricultural conditions.

According to estimates, the application of "water and fertilizer integration" irrigation facilities will increase the yield of wheat and corn by 10% to 15%.

　　The central government allocated 1.6 billion yuan of subsidy funds to promote growth and stable production of summer grain and wheat, 30 billion yuan of funds to provide subsidies for actual grain farmers, and 1 million tons of national potash fertilizer reserves... A series of deployments at the national level are only to ensure the annual grain production. The output remained above 1.3 trillion catties.

　　There is confidence in the bumper harvest of grain, and farmers are confident in increasing their income.

This year, the state continued to implement the minimum purchase price policy for wheat and rice in some major producing areas, and the minimum purchase price levels for wheat, early indica rice, mid-late indica rice and japonica rice were raised in an all-round way.

　　"In recent years, labor costs and agricultural materials have continued to rise, but the country has paid more and more attention to grain production, and the market for wheat and corn has also been good." Wang Cuifen, a major grain grower in Gaomi City, Shandong Province, said that growing grain now saves time, effort and worry for farmers. The good days have a head start.

Her son and daughter-in-law also returned to their hometown to farm with her.

　　At the same time as the harvest of wheat, the sowing of corn is also being carried out simultaneously.

Farmers are very motivated to grow grain, which has given a more solid guarantee to stabilize China's grain, and the "ballast stone" of my country's grain production is being further consolidated.

(Reporters Zhang Zhilong, Chen Hao, Li Peng, Ye Jing)