In the past ten years of China, stabilize the "rice bowl" and keep the bottom line: China guarantees food security

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 7th.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter

　　By the Songhua River, Tianchou is green.

Rows of corn seedlings are drilled out of the soil mixed with broken straw, and the no-till planter is uploading the land monitoring data simultaneously...

　　The awn seeds in the twenty-four solar terms have arrived, which is a good time to sweat and work hard in the fields, rushing the farming season to promote a bumper harvest.

At present, China's spring-sown grain area is about 940 million mu, and the planting progress of various crops is slightly faster than the same period.

　　As a large country with a population of more than 1.4 billion, ensuring food security is an eternal issue for China.

Strictly abide by the red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land, and coordinately promote the strategy of "holding grain in the land and storing grain in technology"... The No. 1 Central Document in 2022 requires that the bottom line of ensuring national food security be firmly adhered to.

　　"The people take food as their heaven".

Food security has always been regarded as the "bigger of the country".

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has put forward a new food security concept of "ensuring basic self-sufficiency in grains and absolute security of food rations". Only by grasping the Chinese seeds with one's own hands can we stabilize China's rice bowl and achieve food security.

　　In 2021, China's total grain output will be 682.85 million tons, an increase of 2.0% over the previous year and a 15.82% increase over the 589.57 million tons in 2012. Grain production will achieve "eighteen consecutive harvests".

　　"China's overall grain output continues to increase, coupled with many powerful policy measures, which can basically guarantee food security," said Hu Bingbing, director of the Agricultural Products Trade and Policy Research Office of the Institute of Rural Development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

　　In the agricultural machinery warehouse of Zhongyi Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative in Chenjiadian Village, Nong'an County, Jilin Province, the tires of a high-horsepower tractor are nearly one person tall.

　　"This tractor pulls a deep plough, which can turn the straw to the soil layer below 40 cm, increase soil organic matter, and make the corn root system go deeper." Chen Zhongguo, the head of the cooperative, said that efficient farming methods can save chemical fertilizers per hectare of land on average. More than 200 kilograms, the grain production increased by more than 5%.

　　The farming practice of "growing while growing" in Chenjiadian Village is the epitome of China's ensuring the quantity of arable land, improving the quality of arable land, and coordinating the coordinated development of arable land space.

　　Cultivated land is the "lifeblood" of grain production. The black land in the Northeast Plain of China, which accounts for more than one-fifth of the country's total grain output, is known as the "rice bowl field" to ensure food security.

Over the past ten years, China has continuously adopted technological, administrative, and legislative measures to comprehensively and precisely protect this "giant panda in arable land".

　　In 2019, the average grade of cultivated land in China was 4.76, which was 0.35 grades higher than that in 2014.

Among them, the average grade in Northeast China is 3.59, which is the highest in the country.

　　To solve the problem of eating, the fundamental way out is technology.

"New Hope", a bumper harvest supported by new technologies and new concepts, is slowly unfolding in the north and south of the country.

　　There are more than 100 sensors in a granary, such as local temperature changes caused by excessive reproduction of insects can be detected in time; the movable box nitrogen generator can greatly improve the insecticidal rate and reduce the cost of nitrogen production...

　　"By typing the keyboard in the office, you can easily complete all-weather and all-round monitoring of grain depots." said Dai Kangshun, chairman of Nanjing Xinnong Development Group Co., Ltd. Now there are about 300 people in the three grain depots plus the market and Sinotrans. In the past, only one grain depot needed about 200 people.

　　At present, China's grain storage capacity exceeds 650 million tons, and the overall grain storage conditions have reached the world's advanced level.

The reserves of rice and wheat, the two major staple grains, have exceeded the consumption demand for one year.

　　From hybrid rice to salt-tolerant wheat, from the coast of the sea to the depths of the desert, technological innovation allows seeds to take root and sprout in a wider land.

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, improved varieties contributed more than 45% to the increase in grain production in China.

　　Since the beginning of this year, Sichuan, Hainan, Henan, Beijing and other provinces and cities have released plans to outline the blueprint for the revitalization of the seed industry.

The number of national-level seed breeding bases in China has increased to 216, covering important crops such as grain, cotton, oil, candy, vegetable tea, etc., providing strong support for ensuring food security.

　　In the past ten years, China's agricultural science and technology has significantly improved its ability to support and lead the development of modern agriculture. The contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress has increased from 53.5% in 2012 to 60.7% in 2020, and is expected to rise to 64% in 2025.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has insisted on giving priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas, implemented the strategy of rural revitalization, protected farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain, made the "peasant's money bag" bulged, and made the "national grain bag" safer.

　　Located in Shuanghe Village, Shitang Town, Wanyuan City, Dazhou, Sichuan Province, the former wasteland has turned into fertile land, and rows of soybean sprouts have emerged from the ground, which is particularly dazzling in the summer.

　　"Since I have mastered the soybean strip compound planting technology, relying on these 'baby beans' alone is a lot of income. In addition to the land transfer fee and the labor fee in the park, the income has increased several times than before." Zhang Hao, a villager weeding in the park, talked about his income, and his joy was beyond words.

　　Recently, the central government issued a fund of 10 billion yuan. On the basis of the one-time subsidy of 20 billion yuan previously issued to the actual grain farmers, it once again issued a one-time agricultural subsidy to the actual grain farmers to support summer harvest and autumn sowing production.

　　Sichuan Province will support 1,292 new villages in 2022, with a subsidy of 1 million yuan for each village, which is specially used to support the development of a new rural collective economy.

Driven by the radiation of favorable policies, Shuanghe Village has become a beneficiary.

Yuan Daoxun, Secretary of the Party Committee of Shitang Town, introduced that Shuanghe Village is currently concentrating on rectifying 520 mu of abandoned land, driving the whole village to develop more than 800 mu of soybean strips.

　　In addition to agricultural subsidies, the state continued to implement the minimum purchase price policy for wheat and rice in some major producing areas this year.

　　Hu Glacier said that in recent years, the state has continued to play a supporting role in policies, allowing farmers to fully release their enthusiasm for production in the fields.

　　At present, the new crown pneumonia epidemic is superimposed on geopolitical disputes, and the protectionism of global food trade is on the rise.

　　"The rice seedlings you raised for you grow well, so don't worry about it." In April this year, Sun Guozhu, Secretary of the Party Branch of Jianguo Village, Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, Jilin Province called Wang Jinxiang, a villager who was stranded abroad due to the epidemic, and not only helped him buy seeds and fertilizers , and also completed the rice seedling work.

　　During the spring ploughing period, Yitong adopts a three-level assistance and guarantee mechanism at the county, township and village levels to provide ploughing and ploughing services.

"I'm relieved to have everyone's help," Wang Jinxiang said.

　　As of May 31, the actual sown area of ​​grain in Jilin Province reached 91.106 million mu, and 99.5% of the grain crops had been sown, 0.6 percentage points higher than the same period last year.

　　At a time of changes in the global grain market, as the world's largest grain producer and third largest grain exporter, China's food security is also of global significance.

　　For more than ten years, China's hybrid rice has been popularized in dozens of countries and regions, and the average yield per hectare is about 2 tons higher than that of local fine varieties; the FAO-China South-South Cooperation Program has been carried out in more than 20 countries and has allowed More than 100,000 people directly benefited...

　　Kalibata, special envoy for the UN Food Summit, said: "China has managed its own grain stocks well, which not only ensures the food supply of the Chinese people, but also contributes to the food security of the people of the world."

　　The "China Agricultural Outlook Report (2022-2031)" shows that in the next ten years, China's basic grain self-sufficiency and absolute security of grain rations can be completely guaranteed, and the grain self-sufficiency rate will increase to about 88%.

(Reporters Ma Xinran, Yang Dingmiao, Lu Youyi, Xue Qinfeng, Zhao Jiulong)