The Olympic champion, the Ecuadorian Richard Carapaz (Ineos), put on the leader's pink jersey after this tense stage of 147 kilometers which caused significant gaps.
Yates, already winner of the second time trial stage in Hungary, achieved his sixth stage success in the Giro.
The Briton (29) lost his footing in the standings last Sunday in the Blockhaus.
The 2018 Vuelta winner then focused on stage wins.
On the line, Yates beat a trio of counter-attackers by about fifteen seconds.
Australian Jai Hindley took second place ahead of Carapaz and Italian veteran Vincenzo Nibali (37).
The Spaniard Juan Pedro Lopez, at the top of the classification since the 4th stage at Etna, lost more than four minutes.
Lopez let go on the penultimate climb, on an attack by Carapaz brought 28 kilometers from the finish.
The Ecuadorian then plateaued and was joined on the final climb by Hindley and Nibali, then by Yates.
The race began to take shape on the first of two climbs of Superga, the hill overlooking Turin, nearly 80 kilometers from the finish.
Under the impetus of the Bora team (especially Kelderman), the riders in the general classification took the lead with the exception of the Portuguese Joao Almeida, who ended up returning, the Frenchman Guillaume Martin and the Spaniard Alejandro Valverde.
In the provisional general classification, Carapaz now precedes Hindley by 7 seconds and Almeida by 30 seconds.
Spaniard Mikel Landa is in fourth place, 59 seconds behind.
The Giro's new pink jersey, Ecuadorian Richard Carapaz, during the 14th stage between Santena and Turin Luca Bettini AFP
Carapaz, who is 28, won the 2019 Giro while racing for the Movistar team.
He climbed the Tour de France podium (3rd) last year before winning the Olympic title at the Tokyo Olympics.
On Sunday, the 15th stage arrives at altitude (1611 m) in the Aosta Valley.
The 177 kilometer route includes two first category climbs before the final climb, classified as second category, up to Cogne.
© 2022 AFP