Scientific guidance on how to look and do these major theoretical and practical issues
"Seeking Truth" magazine editorial department
In the first quarter, the gross domestic product increased by 4.8% year-on-year, and the added value of industries above designated size increased by 6.5% year-on-year, both rebounding from the fourth quarter of last year; fixed-asset investment increased by 9.3% year-on-year, and the growth of final consumption expenditure contributed 69.4% to economic growth. %; the added value of high-tech manufacturing increased by 14.2% year-on-year... Since the beginning of this year, in the face of multiple challenges brought about by the more complex and severe international environment and the spread of domestic epidemics, China's economy has faced difficulties and has generally achieved a stable start.
The achievements of these achievements lie in the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, and in the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping's Economic Thought.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has stood at the height of strategy and overall situation, adhered to a clear problem orientation, correctly understood and grasped the historical position and development stage of the cause of the party and the people, and guided the cause of the party and the country to achieve historic achievements and history. sexual change.
The building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects has been completed as scheduled, and the problem of absolute poverty has been resolved historically. The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has taken a new step forward, and has entered a new development stage of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way and marching toward the second centenary goal.
"Entering a new stage of development, the internal and external environment of my country's development has undergone profound changes, and we are facing many new major issues that need to be correctly understood and grasped." On December 8, 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping attended the Central Economic Work Conference and delivered an important speech, in order to do It provides scientific guidance for the current and longer-term economic and social development work in the future.
The article "Correctly Understanding and Grasping Major Theoretical and Practical Issues in my country's Development" is part of the important speech delivered by the General Secretary at this meeting.
In this important article, the general secretary clearly raised five major issues:
The first question: correctly understand and grasp the strategic goals and practical ways to achieve common prosperity;
The second question: correctly understand and grasp the characteristics and behavioral laws of capital;
The third question: correctly understand and grasp the supply guarantee of primary products;
The fourth question: correctly understand and grasp, prevent and resolve major risks;
The fifth question: correct understanding and grasp of carbon neutralization.
These five issues are the overall, strategic and forward-looking issues related to the development of the party and the country in the new stage of development, and are important and urgent issues in the current economic and social development.
General Secretary Xi Jinping made a scientific answer to these five major questions in the important article "Correctly Understand and Grasp the Major Theoretical and Practical Issues of my country's Development", which has a strong political, ideological, strategic and guiding significance.
The whole party must closely combine the in-depth study and implementation of the spirit of this important article by the General Secretary with the study and implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, strengthen confidence, overcome difficulties, fully, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, and accelerate the construction New development pattern, promote high-quality development, ensure the implementation of the Party Central Committee's major policies and policies, and continue to win new victories in building a modern socialist country in an all-round way.
Steady progress towards common prosperity
"Under my country's socialist system, it is necessary to continuously liberate and develop social productive forces, create and accumulate social wealth, prevent polarization, and earnestly promote the all-round development of human beings and the common prosperity of all people to achieve more obvious and substantial progress." "This is a long-term historical process. We must create conditions, improve the system, and steadily move towards this goal."
Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the common expectation of the people, and an important feature of Chinese-style modernization.
Since the founding of our party, we have been unswervingly striving for common prosperity.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has made a series of important expositions on solidly promoting common prosperity on many important occasions, made new interpretations of the theory of common prosperity, made new arrangements for the strategy of common prosperity, and united and led the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country. , won the battle against poverty, built a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and made solid progress towards the goal of achieving common prosperity.
Today's China's per capita gross national income exceeds 10,000 US dollars, forming the world's largest middle-income group with more than 400 million people; it has built the world's largest social security system, with basic medical insurance covering more than 1.3 billion people, and basic pensions. More than 1 billion people have been covered by insurance; the construction of ecological civilization has achieved remarkable results; the spiritual life of the people has been enriched, and so on.
These great achievements have created favorable conditions for promoting common prosperity in the new stage of development.
Entering a new stage of development, to adapt to the changes in the main contradiction in our society and to better meet the people's ever-growing needs for a better life, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core puts the realization of common prosperity for all the people in a more important position, and has made high-level measures. A major decision to promote common prosperity in quality development and make all people make solid progress towards the goal of common prosperity.
In this important article, General Secretary Xi Jinping focused on "correctly understanding and grasping the strategic goals and practical ways to achieve common prosperity", scientifically summarizing the experience and lessons of wealth creation and distribution at home and abroad, in-depth analysis of the risks and challenges facing our country, emphasizing "To achieve the goal of common prosperity, we must first make the 'cake' bigger and better through the joint efforts of the people of the whole country, and then correctly handle the relationship between growth and distribution through reasonable institutional arrangements, and divide the 'cake' well," and proposed three aspects. Require.
The first is to strengthen the priority orientation of employment in promoting high-quality development.
Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood, and achieving more adequate and higher-quality employment is an important foundation for promoting common prosperity for all people.
General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward requirements from four aspects: first, to improve the employment driving force of economic growth, and to continuously promote the expansion of employment and the improvement of quality; second, to support the development of small, medium and micro enterprises and give full play to their role as a channel for employers; third, to continue to grow The real economy will create more high-quality jobs; the fourth is to increase investment in human capital, improve the quality of education, strengthen vocational education and skills training, improve the quality of workers, better meet the needs of high-quality development, and effectively prevent large-scale unemployment risks.
The second is to play the function and role of distribution.
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between efficiency and fairness, and build a basic institutional arrangement for the first distribution, redistribution, and coordination of the three distributions.
For the initial distribution, the general secretary requires that the distribution according to work should be the main body, increase the proportion of labor remuneration in the initial distribution, and improve the distribution policy according to factors; Adjustment of transfer payments, etc., to improve accuracy; for the three distributions, the general secretary requires the third distribution to play a role in guiding and supporting willing and capable enterprises and social groups to actively participate in public welfare and charity, but not to engage in moral kidnapping. "Forced donation".
The third is to improve the public service policy system.
Promoting the equalization of basic public services is an important starting point for promoting common prosperity.
General Secretary Xi Jinping summed up the profound lessons of some Latin American countries, and clearly emphasized that to promote common prosperity, we must not engage in "welfare";
The general secretary clearly requested that he insist on doing his best and doing what he can, focusing on improving the level of public services, accurately providing basic public services in areas that the people are most concerned about, such as education, medical care, elderly care, housing, etc. No appetite, no empty promises.
Let capital norms develop in a healthy and orderly manner
"Capital is an important factor of production in the socialist market economy. Regulating and guiding the development of capital under the conditions of the socialist market economy is not only a major economic issue, but also a major political issue, both a major practical issue and a major theoretical issue. Adhering to the basic socialist economic system is related to the basic national policy of reform and opening up, high-quality development and common prosperity, and national security and social stability.”
On April 29, 2022, General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech when presiding over the thirty-eighth collective study of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee with the theme of regulating and guiding the healthy development of my country's capital in accordance with the law, and put forward a series of new views and new judgments, which greatly deepened It improved our party's understanding of the characteristics and behavioral laws of capital.
Marx and Engels did not envisage a market economy under socialist conditions, and could not foresee how socialist countries would treat capital.
Our party has adhered to the basic principles of Marxism in the course of its century-long struggle, proceeding from the national conditions of our country and the main tasks in different periods, constantly deepening the understanding of capital, and constantly exploring principles and policies to regulate and guide the healthy development of capital.
How to regulate and guide the healthy development of capital under the socialist system is a major theoretical and practical problem that must be studied and solved in the new era.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has adhered to and improved the basic socialist economic system, and has written the "two unswerving" into the basic strategy for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, as the party's basic strategy. A major policy and policy of the state has been further determined; comprehensively deepen reforms, emphasize making the market play a decisive role in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, and create a more favorable market environment and legal environment for the development of various types of capital; strengthen anti-monopoly, Prevent the disorderly expansion of capital, effectively guard against risks, and maintain fair competition in the market; focus on preventing and resolving financial risks, overcome the tendency of the economy to deviate from the real economy, and focus on solving the risks of non-performing assets and bubbles; continue to expand opening up, and focus on building a domestic A new development pattern in which the big cycle is the main body and the domestic and international dual cycles promote each other, and build a new system of a higher-level open economy.
In this process, our party's understanding of the nature of capital has gradually deepened, its understanding of the role of capital has become more comprehensive, its grasp of the laws of capital has become more in-depth, and its ability to govern the operation of capital has been continuously improved.
"We need to explore how to play the positive role of capital under the conditions of a socialist market economy, while effectively controlling the negative role of capital." In this important article, General Secretary Xi Jinping, from the combination of history and reality, theory and practice, went deep into the Analyzing the characteristics and behavioral laws of capital, it is clearly required to standardize the behavior of capital, "not to allow 'capital predators' to act recklessly, but also to give full play to the function of capital as a factor of production", clearly emphasizing that "this is an unavoidable major political and economic question".
The general secretary put forward six requirements: first, set up "traffic lights" for capital, so that all kinds of capital can't rampage; second, prevent the savage growth of some capital; third, anti-monopoly, anti-profiteering, anti-high prices, anti-malicious speculation, anti-illegal The fourth is to strengthen the effective supervision of capital in accordance with the law. If the relevant laws and regulations are not perfect, they must be improved quickly, and those with existing laws and regulations must be strictly enforced and supervised. The fifth is to support and guide the healthy development of capital standards. The sixth is to adhere to and improve the basic The economic system, unswervingly consolidates and develops the public economy, unswervingly encourages, supports and guides the development of the non-public economy, and promotes the healthy development of the non-public economy and the healthy growth of people in the non-public economy.
Guarantee the supply of primary products
"For a big country like us, ensuring the supply of primary products is a major strategic issue."
Primary products such as agricultural products, energy, and minerals are the most basic part of the entire economy. Strengthening the supply of primary products is a realistic need and a long-term strategy, which is related to my country's sustainable and stable development.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has attached great importance to the guarantee of primary product supply. In our own hands"; emphasized that "energy security is an overall and strategic issue related to the country's economic and social development", "we must increase exploration and development efforts, consolidate the foundation of domestic production, and improve self-protection capabilities"; emphasized "comprehensively promote resource conservation and intensification" Utilization”, “Promote a fundamental change in the way of resource utilization”, etc.
my country's grain output has achieved a historic "eighteen consecutive abundance", major progress has been made in the utilization of natural resources, historic achievements have been made in energy development, and major changes have taken place in the way of energy production and utilization, laying a solid foundation for high-quality economic and social development.
With the continuous growth of my country's economy, the consumption of primary products has increased rapidly, and the import dependence of primary products has been relatively high, and some are still rising.
The serious gap in the supply of primary products may turn into a "grey rhino" incident, especially food security, and there is no room for mistakes. "Strategic planning must be strengthened, adjustments must be made early to ensure supply security." In this important article, Xi Jinping With a strong sense of urgency and problem, the general secretary made strategic arrangements from four aspects to ensure the supply of primary products.
First, insist on giving priority to saving.
my country is a country with a large population. Compared with developed countries, the problem of energy and resource constraints is still more prominent.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed the need to give priority to saving. In this important article, he further emphasized from the two fields of production and consumption: In the field of production, it is necessary to promote comprehensive conservation, intensive and recycling of resources, reduce energy consumption and material consumption per unit of product, and speed up Technological transformation of the manufacturing industry to improve the efficiency of input and output; in the field of consumption, it is necessary to enhance the national awareness of conservation, advocate a simple, moderate, green and low-carbon lifestyle, oppose extravagance, waste and excessive consumption, and carry out in-depth food conservation actions such as "CD-ROM". Carry out actions such as creating green institutions, green families, green communities, and green travel.
The second is to enhance domestic resource production and security capabilities.
General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward four requirements: first, to increase exploration efforts, implement a new round of strategic actions for ore prospecting breakthroughs, and improve the level of development and protection of marine resources and mineral resources; The enterprise supports the bottom line and accelerates the development and application of advanced mining technologies for oil and gas resources; the third is to strengthen the construction of the national strategic material reserve system, and play a role in regulating the bottom line at critical moments; the fourth is to promote garbage classification and recycling, and expand domestic solid waste. use, and speed up the construction of a waste recycling system.
The third is to optimize the ability to guarantee overseas resources.
General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly demanded that we should make full use of both domestic and international markets and resources in a mutually beneficial and win-win manner, strengthen energy and resource cooperation with relevant countries on the premise of effectively preventing foreign investment risks, and expand the rights and interests of overseas high-quality resources.
Fourth, the Chinese people's rice bowl must be firmly in their own hands.
Food security is related to the national movement and people's livelihood. "The more food you have to eat, the more you have to think about the time when there is no food."
General Secretary Xi Jinping "particularly emphasized the security of agricultural product supply", and clearly demanded that the improvement of comprehensive agricultural production capacity should be placed in a more prominent position, continue to promote the construction of high-standard farmland, carry out in-depth implementation of the revitalization of the seed industry, improve the level of agricultural machinery and equipment, and protect grain farmers. Reasonable income, ensure absolute security of rations, basic self-sufficiency of grains, and increase production capacity and self-sufficiency rate of oilseeds and soybeans.
Focus on avoiding major risks
"Be prepared to be prepared, and always be the way of the country."
Strengthening the awareness of urgency and being prepared for danger in times of peace is a major principle that we must always adhere to in governing the party and the country.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has clearly understood the new major changes in the internal and external environment and the risks and challenges it faces, and has made ensuring national security a top priority.
General Secretary Xi Jinping issued a series of important expositions and made a series of major deployments, guiding the whole party to coordinate development and security, implement the overall national security concept, focus on preventing and defusing major risks, nurturing opportunities in crises, opening new situations in changing situations, and maintaining for the sustainable and healthy development of the economy and the overall stability of the society.
Financial security is an important part of national security.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has always attached great importance to preventing and controlling financial risks and ensuring financial security. He has repeatedly emphasized that preventing and defusing financial risks, especially preventing the occurrence of systemic financial risks, is the fundamental task of financial work and the eternal theme of financial work. The bottom line for the occurrence of systemic risk".
In the face of the continuous impact of the international financial crisis and the severe challenges of the “three-phase superposition” of the domestic economy, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee, my country has made major new achievements in financial reform and development, and the financial system’s ability to prevent and control risks has been significantly enhanced.
Entering a new stage of development, how do you view the risks in my country's economic and financial fields?
In this important article, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out profoundly: "At present, there are many hidden risks in my country's economic and financial fields, but they are generally controllable." On the one hand, he affirmed the effective disposal of shadow banking risks and Internet financial risks in the previous stage; On the one hand, it emphasizes that "new risks are still occurring, and 'black swan' and 'grey rhino' incidents continue", and thoroughly analyzes the reasons from five aspects, including "long-term cumulative results", "supervision capabilities and institutional deficiencies".
The general secretary clearly required to "adhere to bottom-line thinking" and "make good use of the party's leadership and the advantages of my country's socialist system, see the small things, grasp the early and grasp the small, and focus on avoiding major risks or crises."
Regarding the next step of risk disposal work, General Secretary Xi Jinping requested to continue to do a good job in disposal work and make important arrangements in accordance with the basic policy of "stabilizing the overall situation, overall planning and coordination, implementing policies by category, and accurately disposing of bombs".
It is necessary to comply with laws and regulations, strengthen the construction of the financial rule of law, and explore the establishment of a regular law revision system.
To compact responsibility.
The local party and government have the same responsibilities and are responsible for territorial stability maintenance and risk mitigation; the responsibilities of financial supervision, industry supervisors, discipline inspection and supervision departments, and other departments are consolidated, and risk mitigation is promoted according to their respective responsibilities; the main responsibility of enterprises for self-rescue is consolidated, and feasible risk mitigation plans are formulated.
It is necessary to strengthen capacity building, improve the level of regulatory technology, make up for regulatory shortcomings, and strengthen the construction of financial regulatory cadres.
Have sufficient resources.
Quickly set up a financial stability guarantee fund, give full play to the role of the deposit insurance system and industry guarantee funds in risk disposal, and study and formulate support policies for promoting mergers and acquisitions of financial institutions and resolving non-performing assets; local governments should take the initiative to revitalize existing assets and resolve risks; corporate shareholders should First take the risk of loss until the equity is cleared.
It is necessary for all parties to cooperate extensively, and the financial industry should establish an integrated risk disposal mechanism, fully authorize, coordinate and improve the ability of cross-market and cross-industry coordination.
The general secretary also emphasized that special attention should be paid to the risks of some real estate enterprises, and all localities should earnestly take responsibility, strengthen supervision, keep the bottom line of no systemic risks, and maintain the stable and healthy development of the real estate market.
Steady and orderly promotion of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality
"China will increase its nationally determined contribution, adopt more effective policies and measures, strive to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030, and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060." On September 22, 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping stated in the In the important speech at the general debate of the 75th United Nations General Assembly, China's position was solemnly stated and solemn commitment was made.
Promoting carbon neutralization is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core to coordinate both domestic and international situations. It is an inherent requirement for implementing new development concepts, building a new development pattern, and promoting high-quality development.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has published a series of important expositions on the path of green and low-carbon development, and made a series of important arrangements, providing scientific guidance for advancing the "dual-carbon" work.
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Opinions on Completely, Accurately and Fully Implementing the New Development Concept and Doing a Good Job in Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralization", and approved the "Carbon Peaking Action Plan before 2030", which promoted the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development and achieved remarkable results.
In the new stage of development, promoting the "dual carbon" work is an urgent need to solve the outstanding problems of resource and environmental constraints and achieve sustainable development, to comply with the trend of technological progress, to promote the transformation and upgrading of the economic structure, and to meet the growing number of people. Environmental needs and the urgent need to promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature are the urgent needs to take the initiative to shoulder the responsibility of a major country and promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.
In this important article, General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly clarified the major theoretical and practical issue of "correctly understanding and grasping carbon neutrality" from the aspects of practical issues, principle requirements, and work deployment.
——From the perspective of practical problems, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that engaging in "carbon charge", "one size fits all", sports-style "carbon reduction" or even "power cut off" "doesn't meet the requirements of the Party Central Committee"; clearly pointed out: "Green Low-carbon development is a complex project and a long-term task for the comprehensive transformation of economic and social development. The adjustment of energy structure and industrial structure cannot be accomplished overnight, and it cannot be divorced from reality. If the gradual withdrawal of traditional energy is not based on the safe and reliable replacement of new energy, it will It will have an impact on economic development and social stability. Pollution reduction and carbon reduction are an integral part of economic structural adjustment, and we must first establish and then break through, and make a comprehensive plan.”
——From the perspective of principle requirements, General Secretary Xi Jinping once again emphasized: "We must adhere to the principles of national overall planning, conservation priority, two-wheel drive, internal and external smoothness, and risk prevention." However, it is impossible to achieve success in one battle, and we must persist in seeking progress while maintaining stability and gradually realize it.”
——From the perspective of work deployment, General Secretary Xi Jinping has made clear deployments from five aspects.
First, based on the basic national conditions and reality of focusing on coal, while focusing on the clean and efficient utilization of coal, speed up the flexible transformation of coal-fired power units, develop renewable energy, promote the optimal combination of coal and new energy, and increase the capacity of new energy consumption .
The second is to pay close attention to tackling key green and low-carbon technologies and accelerate the promotion and application of advanced technologies.
The third is to conduct scientific assessment, improve the "dual control" system of energy consumption, create conditions to realize the transition from "dual control" of energy consumption to "dual control" of total carbon emission and intensity, and accelerate the formation of an incentive and restraint mechanism for reducing pollution and carbon; All relevant departments should coordinate the work of "dual control" and "dual carbon" to prevent simple decomposition.
The fourth is to ensure energy supply, achieve multi-objective balance, and increase energy supply through multiple channels. Large enterprises, especially state-owned enterprises, should take the lead in ensuring supply and stable prices.
The fifth is to further promote the energy revolution, promote the reform of energy consumption, supply, technology and system, strengthen international cooperation, and accelerate the construction of an energy power.
The more profoundly the theory reveals the laws, the more powerful the guidance to practice.
It is precisely in the spiral of exploration, summarization and improvement that our party correctly understands and grasps major theoretical and practical problems at different stages, realizes the benign interaction between theoretical innovation and practical innovation, and creates two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability. .
On the new journey, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, and under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping's new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, no matter how complicated the development environment is, the giant ship China will surely be able to cut through the waves and sail steadily and far!