China News Service, April 26th. According to the website of the Ministry of Education, on the 26th, the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education released "Forging a Ten-Year Road and Forging a New Journey - The Reform and Development Achievements of Preschool Education Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China" pointed out that in the past ten years, The total amount of preschool education resources has increased rapidly. In 2021, the number of kindergartens nationwide will reach 295,000, and the number of inclusive kindergartens (including public and private kindergartens) nationwide will reach 245,000, accounting for 83% of the total number of kindergartens.

Data map: Teachers from Xiong Anrong and Jiatai Kindergarten lead children to play games between classes. Photo by China News Agency reporter Han Bing

　　The document points out that the Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to preschool education.

The popularization level of preschool education has been greatly improved. Focusing on solving the "difficulty in entering kindergartens", the supply of preschool education resources has been continuously expanded to ensure "preschool education".

In the past ten years, the total amount of preschool education resources has increased rapidly. In 2021, the number of kindergartens nationwide will reach 295,000, an increase of 128,000 or 76.8% over 2011, which effectively guarantees the increasing demand for school-age children to enter kindergartens.

The gross enrollment rate continues to increase rapidly. In 2021, the number of children in kindergartens nationwide will reach 48.052 million, an increase of 13.808 million over 2011. The gross enrollment rate for the three years before school will increase from 62.3% in 2011 to 88.1% in 2021. , an increase of 25.8 percentage points, and preschool education has been basically popularized.

The central and western regions and rural areas are developing the fastest. About 80% of the new kindergartens nationwide are concentrated in the central and western regions, and about 60% are distributed in the rural areas.

The 13 provinces where the gross enrollment rate has increased by more than 30% in the past ten years are all in the central and western regions. The enrollment rate of the "three districts and three prefectures" and other deeply impoverished areas has increased significantly. The Linxia Prefecture in Gansu has increased from 15.8% to 95.5%, and the Nujiang River in Yunnan The state increased from 25.6% to 90.01%, and the gap between preschool education regions and urban and rural areas has narrowed significantly.

　　Inclusive resources are widely covered.

Focusing on solving the "expensive entry into the park", efforts are made to build a park system with inclusive resources as the main body to achieve "affordable".

In the past ten years, the resource structure has undergone pattern changes. In 2021, there will be 245,000 inclusive kindergartens across the country (including public and private kindergartens), accounting for 83% of the total number of kindergartens, of which 128,000 are public kindergartens, an increase from 2011. The annual increase was 149.7%, giving full play to the important role of public parks in securing the bottom line, ensuring basics, stabilizing fees, and leading the way.

The level of inclusive benefits has been greatly improved. In 2021, the proportion of children in inclusive kindergartens nationwide will reach 87.8%, an increase of 20.5 percentage points over 2016 (the proportion of children in kindergartens in inclusive kindergartens will be counted since 2016). Among them, 12 provinces have exceeded 90%, effectively ensuring that the vast majority of children enjoy inclusive preschool education.

The public service network for preschool education has been gradually improved. By 2021, the coverage rate of inclusive kindergartens in rural areas will reach 90.6%. Each township will basically have a public central park, large villages will run independent kindergartens, and small villages will jointly run kindergartens. Adapt to the process of urbanization and continue to expand cities and towns. Inclusive resources, especially the comprehensive management of supporting kindergartens in urban communities, managed more than 20,000 kindergartens and increased 4.16 million inclusive degrees.

The urban and rural preschool education public service system has been basically completed, basically satisfying the common people's desire to enter the kindergarten at their doorstep.

　　The quality of education has been significantly improved.

Focusing on solving the "primary school", insist on the simultaneous advancement of preschool education connotation construction and career development, and strive to ensure "good gardens".

Over the past ten years, the concept of scientific education protection has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. With the themes of "Games Light Up Happy Childhood" and "Scientific Linkage of Children's Collaboration", the "National Preschool Education Promotion Month" activities are carried out every year to continue to spread the scientific education protection concepts and methods to the whole society. Scientific parenting knowledge has entered thousands of households.

Professional guidance has been continuously strengthened. The Ministry of Education has successively issued a series of "Guidelines for Kindergarten Education", "Guidelines for Learning and Development of Children Aged 3-6", "Guiding Opinions on Vigorously Promoting the Scientific Connection between Kindergartens and Primary Schools", and "Guidelines for Quality Assessment of Nursing Education in Kindergartens". The document has established a relatively complete guidance system to provide strong professional guidance for scientific education.

Deepen the reform of the practice of childcare and education, carry out the special governance of "primary school", actively promote the "connection between children and children", vigorously promote the typical experience represented by "Anji Games", continuously improve the preschool teaching and research system, and establish a batch of kindergarten childcare education reform experiments Play the role of demonstration and leadership, promote the effective implementation of "play as the basic activity", and effectively promote the healthy growth of children's physical and mental health.

　　The team of teachers has been continuously strengthened.

Adhere to multiple measures to continuously improve the overall level of the teaching staff.

In the past ten years, the scale of teacher training has continued to expand. In 2021, there will be 1,095 colleges and universities offering pre-school education majors nationwide, with 265,000 graduates, an increase of 591 and 231,000 compared with 2011, an increase of 1.2 times and 6.7 times, respectively. It has provided strong support for the continuous replenishment of kindergarten teachers.

The staffing of teachers basically meets the standard. In 2021, the total number of kindergarten directors and full-time teachers nationwide will exceed 3.5 million, an increase of 2 million or 1.3 times over 2011. The student-teacher ratio will drop from 26:1 in 2011 to 15 in 2021. : 1, the standard of "two education and one guarantee" has been basically met, and the problem of teacher shortage has been effectively solved.

The quality of teachers has been significantly improved, and the educational structure has been further optimized. In 2021, the proportion of principals and full-time teachers with a college degree or above will reach 87.8%, an increase of 24 percentage points over 2011.

The "National Training Program" for kindergarten teachers has been continuously implemented. From 2012 to 2020, a total of 4.3 billion yuan has been invested in training more than 2.43 million kindergarten teachers, and the professional level of teachers has been significantly improved.

　　Funding has grown rapidly.

Adhering to the principle of "government investment is the mainstay, and families are reasonably shared", the preschool education funding investment mechanism has been continuously improved.

In the past ten years, financial investment has continued to increase. In 2020, the national financial preschool education expenditure will be 253.2 billion yuan, a five-fold increase from 41.6 billion yuan in 2011. The proportion of financial education expenditure will increase from 2.2% in 2011 to 2020. of 5.9%.

The central government has invested more than 170 billion yuan in the special funds for the development of preschool education over the past ten years, which has effectively stimulated the rapid growth of local financial investment and provided a strong guarantee for the development of preschool education.

The cost-sharing mechanism has been basically established. All provinces have issued public funding standards per student in public parks or financial allocation standards per student, and subsidy standards for inclusive private parks. The standards are continuously improved according to the needs of career development; at the same time, the level of economic development, the public Factors such as affordability and the cost of running a kindergarten, dynamically adjust the charging standards for public kindergartens, determine the maximum price limit for inclusive private kindergartens, and effectively ensure the normal operation of kindergartens.

The subsidy system has been continuously improved. From 2012 to 2021, governments at all levels have invested a total of 75.2 billion yuan to subsidize 62.32 million children from financially disadvantaged families, effectively ensuring that children from financially disadvantaged families, orphans and children with disabilities have an equal right to preschool education.

　　The institutional system is basically perfect.

Adhering to the principle of "governing education according to law and running kindergartens according to law", the scientific, professional and standardized level of preschool education has been continuously improved.

Over the past ten years, the management system has been basically sound, and normative documents have been revised and promulgated successively, such as the Work Regulations for Kindergartens, the Construction Standards for Kindergartens, the Interim Measures for the Management of Kindergarten Fees, the Professional Standards for Kindergarten Principals, and the Professional Standards for Kindergarten Teachers. The level of running the kindergarten has played an important role.

Supervision and evaluation were carried out in depth. The Measures for Supervision and Evaluation of Kindergarten-running Behavior and the Measures for Supervision and Evaluation of Preschool Education Universalization and Inclusive Benefit in County Areas were issued. The supervision and evaluation of school-running behavior and the identification of universal and inclusive benefits in county areas were fully implemented, and a supervision and accountability mechanism was established. Effectively promote the development of preschool education.

Pre-school education legislation has been steadily advanced. On the basis of comprehensively summarizing the reform and development of pre-school education over the past ten years, a draft pre-school education law has been drafted to promote pre-school education on the track of legalization.