"Working hard to grow a few mu of rice is not as good as 1 mu of vegetables." How to stabilize grain and production when the price of agricultural materials is bullish?
During the critical period of spring ploughing, reporter Banyuetan visited several large grain-growing counties in the west and found that due to the sharp rise in the prices of agricultural materials such as fertilizers and seeds, the willingness of some farmers to plant has weakened.
The grassroots suggested to increase macro-control, stabilize the price of agricultural materials, increase the yield per mu of rice planting, and stabilize grain production.
"Working hard to grow a few acres of rice,
Not as good as 1 mu of vegetables”
"Last year, urea was only 90 yuan a bag, but this year it's 130 yuan. It's not as good as 1 mu of vegetables to grow a few acres of rice." In a certain grain county in the west, a rice grower introduced to reporter Banyuetan, Last year, most of the harvested rice was sold. Excluding agricultural materials, labor and other expenses, the net income was only more than 2,000 yuan.
"This income is not as good as 1 mu of vegetables. If you are still doing odd jobs in the surrounding area, you can imagine the pressure of life." The grower said that the fertilizer expenditure per mu of rice alone increased by more than 100 yuan year-on-year.
When reporter Banyuetan visited several large grain-producing counties, some heads of agricultural and rural departments, growers, and sellers of agricultural materials all reported that the price of agricultural materials had risen sharply, which had an impact on farmers' enthusiasm for planting.
A village is a local traditional rice planting area. Some villagers have already started raising seedlings, and village cadres are also busy in the fields to guide production.
"The cost of planting is high, and farmers' willingness to plant has weakened." A village cadre said that the current cost of rice seeds per mu has increased by about 40 yuan. In addition, the prices of chemical fertilizers such as urea, potash fertilizer, and compound fertilizer have risen, and the cost per mu of land has increased compared with last year. a lot.
According to the survey results of the agricultural materials market in a large grain-producing county, the sales price of urea increased by 56.25% year-on-year, the sales price of ammonium sulfate increased by 210% year-on-year, and the potassium sulfate-type potash fertilizer per ton increased by 69% year-on-year.
The person in charge of the local Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau said that the price of agricultural materials has risen too fast, which has a certain impact on farmers' active development of food production.
"Our sales pressure is also high, the price of fertilizer is high, and farmers are buying less." The person in charge of a fertilizer sales store in Yizhen said that more than 60 tons of fertilizers were sold in the same period last year, but only about 30 tons were sold this year, and potash fertilizers are being sold out. After the goods, because the price is too high, I dare not stock up.
Not only fertilizers, but also seeds and pesticides have seen their prices rise.
At present, the price of hybrid rice seeds in a county in the west has increased by 20% year-on-year, and the price of corn seeds has increased by 14.3% year-on-year; in another county, the price of hybrid rice seeds per kilogram has increased by 30% year-on-year, and the price of corn seeds has increased by 12.5% year-on-year; The average increase of Daisen zinc and dichlorvos reached 20%.
Industry insiders said that it is not yet the time for a large number of crops to be used, and the price is expected to rise as the demand for drugs increases.
Multiple factors have boosted the price of agricultural materials to continue to rise
The rise in fertilizer prices is not only a reasonable part of the market supply and demand relationship and rising costs, but also affected by factors such as the shortage of crude oil and coal energy in the international and domestic markets, rising production and transportation costs, and the country's adjustment of the ex-factory price of urea.
A person in charge of a company that has been engaged in chemical fertilizer supply for a long time said that the price of coal and natural gas has risen, driving the price of fertilizer products such as nitrogen fertilizer to rise, and the ex-factory price per ton of urea reached 3,300 yuan at the highest.
Last year, the state regulated coal and natural gas prices to make them relatively stable, but since October last year, the prices have rebounded, and the current prices are basically around 3,000 yuan.
"The most terrible thing is that the prices of sulfur and potash mines have risen." Industry insiders said that the price of sulfur has risen to more than 20,000 yuan per ton, an increase of more than 200%.
At the same time, the grade and output of potash ore in my country are lower than those of foreign countries, and the mining cost is higher than that of foreign countries. As a result, potash ore for the production of potash fertilizer needs to be imported from Canada, Russia and other countries, and the degree of dependence on foreign countries is high.
Coupled with the uncontrollable international situation, the prices of potash fertilizers and compound fertilizers have been rising all the way.
Some fertilizer dealers said that although the current price is still rising, they are still continuing to purchase. According to the current raw material prices and production capacity, they expect the price of fertilizers to continue to rise in the short term.
In addition, some industry insiders said that my country's important seed production bases encountered high temperatures last year, resulting in a reduction in seed production, coupled with rising labor and land rental costs, which led to a comprehensive increase in seed prices.
Multi-measures to stabilize price and supply, enhance farmers' confidence in planting
The increase in the price of agricultural materials has pushed up the planting costs of farmers. When the price of grain remained relatively stable, some farmers switched to crops with better economic benefits, which had an adverse impact on stabilizing grain and production.
The grassroots look forward to taking multiple measures to stabilize prices and supply, and enhance farmers' confidence in planting.
The heads of grass-roots agricultural and rural and development and reform departments suggested that macro-control over the price and supply of raw materials for the production of chemical fertilizers and other agricultural materials should be increased to ensure the normal production of agricultural materials enterprises such as fertilizer plants; Market supply to prevent fertilizer prices from continuing to rise.
He Shisheng, Chairman of Lijiang Agricultural Materials Company, Liu Yingzhen, Deputy Director of Xundian County Agricultural and Rural Bureau, and others suggested that subsidies for crop planting should be continuously increased at the national level, and methods such as raising the minimum purchase price of crops should be adopted to make subsidies in a timely manner. distribution to alleviate the impact of rising agricultural costs and protect farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain.
Restore provincial chemical fertilizer reserves, and realize the joint off-season reserves of supply and marketing departments and fertilizer manufacturers.
"It is necessary to find out the regional resources and production capacity, strengthen the strong alliance of production enterprises, supply and marketing departments, sales enterprises and other institutions, and promote product reserves, production and sales docking." Huang Chunlin, general manager of Yunnan Agricultural Materials Company 10,000 tons of fertilizer reserves, and special fund subsidies.
Jointly carrying out off-season chemical fertilizer reserves with manufacturers can not only relieve the inventory pressure of production enterprises, but also relieve the financial pressure of reserve units.
The grass-roots cadres suggested to build a large-scale, standardized, intensive, and mechanized seed production base, improve the stable seed supply capacity, implement a pilot program of seed production insurance such as hybrid rice and hybrid corn, and establish a government-supported, seed enterprise participation, and commercialized operation system. Seed Production Risk Diversification Mechanisms.
At the same time, increase financial investment in seed reserves for famine preparation and disaster relief, determine a certain amount of reserves, reserve them by enterprises, and give enterprises appropriate reserve subsidies.
In addition, Dao Jinrong, a senior agronomist at the Yunnan Agricultural Technology Extension Station, suggested that agriculture-related units should popularize scientific fertilization knowledge to farmers, promote scientific fertilization technologies such as soil testing, formula fertilization, and water and fertilizer integration, and improve the level of fertilization specialization and intensification. The utilization rate of rice paddy is actively promoted; the mode of comprehensive cultivation and breeding of paddy fields is actively promoted to improve the income per mu of farmers and hedge against the influence of unfavorable factors.
Source: "Ban Yue Tan", Issue 7, 2022, the original title "The price of agricultural materials is bullish, and the stable grain and stable production should be strong"
Banyue Talks Reporter: Yang Jingziqiang