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April 7 is World Health Day.
In the field of public health in my country, a large number of meritorious models have emerged, such as Zhong Nanshan, Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu, Chen Wei, Tu Youyou, Gu Fangzhou, etc.
They insisted on the supremacy of the people and life, cherished the "big man of the country", and faithfully protected the health of hundreds of millions of people.
People make history, and history makes heroes.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Only by advocating heroes can heroes be born, and by striving to be heroes, heroes can be born in large numbers."
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly made important instructions on the commendation work of the party and the country, emphasizing that it is necessary to give full play to the spiritual guidance and exemplary role of the commendation of the party and the country, and promote the formation of the whole society. , A good atmosphere for advocating heroes and striving to be pioneers.
April 7 is World Health Day.
In the field of public health in my country, a large number of meritorious models have emerged, such as Zhong Nanshan, Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu, Chen Wei, Tu Youyou, Gu Fangzhou, etc.
They insisted on the supremacy of the people and life, cherished the "big man of the country", and faithfully protected the health of hundreds of millions of people.
Forget your life, save your life
At the beginning of 2020, a sudden new crown pneumonia epidemic ravaged the land of China.
The vast number of medical staff, represented by meritorious models such as Zhong Nanshan, Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu, and Chen Wei, sacrificed their lives and went to the front line, making significant contributions to the fight against the epidemic.
Many people will not forget the photo of Zhong Nanshan, the winner of the Medal of the Republic and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, who took the high-speed train to Wuhan.
It was the night before the Spring Festival in 2020. Zhong Nanshan, who was over eighty years old, rushed to the front line and was temporarily placed in the dining car with a tired face and a stack of documents he had just read... Two days later, As the leader of the high-level expert group of the National Health and Medical Commission, Zhong Nanshan informed the public that there is a phenomenon of "human-to-human transmission" of new coronary pneumonia.
After investigation, he quickly put forward the strategy of "early attention, early deployment, early start, and early implementation", which has won precious time for curbing the spread of the new crown pneumonia epidemic.
He presided over the writing and revision of the second to ninth editions of the "New Coronary Virus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan", which provided guidelines for the standardized treatment of new coronary pneumonia patients across the country.
"When the state is in danger, a doctor is a soldier. It is better to be worthy of yourself than the people." On January 27, 2020, Zhang Boli, the winner of the national honorary title of "People's Hero" and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, was ordered to go to Wuhan in danger as the Central Epidemic Prevention and Control Steering Group The members of the expert group devoted themselves to the front line of the fight against the epidemic, and once again fulfilled their oath.
As soon as he arrived in Wuhan, Zhang Boli went to designated hospitals, makeshift hospitals and other places to consult with patients, investigate the epidemic situation, and formulate Chinese medicine treatment plans.
At that time, there was no strict distinction between the "four categories of people" in Wuhan, including confirmed patients, suspected patients, febrile patients who may be infected, and close contacts.
Zhang Boli immediately proposed to implement hierarchical and classified management of the "four types of personnel".
"I have to run faster in order to beat the time and save more patients!" Zhang Dingyu, the winner of the national honorary title of "People's Hero" and then president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, was suffering from ALS and insisted on fighting in Wuhan. On the front line of the epidemic, go to the mission with life.
Zhang Dingyu always put the patient first. Sometimes he didn't have time to go home, he just rested in the office for a while, and often only got three or four hours of sleep.
Even if he fell ill due to busy work, he still did not forget to understand the patient's condition and the progress of treatment during the infusion.
During the epidemic prevention and control in Wuhan, Zhang Dingyu led all the staff of the hospital to treat more than 2,800 patients with new coronary pneumonia.
"The epidemic is the military situation, and the scene is the battlefield." On January 26, 2020, Chen Wei, winner of the national honorary title of "People's Hero", academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and researcher of the Academy of Military Medicine of the Academy of Military Sciences, led a team of military medical experts to Wuhan urgently. On topics such as pathogen transmission and variation, rapid detection technology, and vaccine antibody development, emergency scientific research has been quickly carried out, and a joint defense, joint control, joint treatment, and joint research work mechanism has been established with relevant military and local units.
On March 16, 2020, the "recombinant new crown vaccine (adenovirus vector)" developed by Chen Wei's team became the first vaccine approved to enter clinical trials.
On August 11, this type of vaccine obtained a national invention patent, becoming the first new crown vaccine to enter the clinic and obtain a patent right in China.
Inherit and innovate for the benefit of mankind
"Artemisinin is a small step in the process of mankind's conquest of malaria, and a gift from traditional Chinese medicine to the world." In 2015, Tu Youyou, chief researcher of the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, becoming the first Chinese scientists who won the Nobel Prize.
Artemisia annua is a very common plant in the north and south, and Tu Youyou used this grass to change the world.
Malaria once seriously threatened human health.
In the 1960s, as malaria parasites developed resistance to quinine-type drugs, the world was faced with a problem: new antimalarial drugs were necessary to solve the problem of drug resistance.
In 1969, Tu Youyou accepted the arduous research task of the "523" Office of the National Malaria Prevention and Control Research Project.
Tu Youyou served as the leader of the antimalarial group of traditional Chinese medicine. Since then, more than 380 experiments, more than 190 samples, and more than 2,000 cards... The research group used the murine Plasmodium as a model and found that the inhibition rate of artemisia annua extract on the murine Plasmodium was very high. high.
However, after repeated experiments, the inhibition rate of Artemisia annua extract on Plasmodium was only 12%-40%.
What is the reason for the failure to increase the inhibition rate?
"A grasp of Qinghao, soaked with two liters of water, twisted to extract juice, and fully consumed." The record of Qinghao for cutting malaria in Ge Hong's "Elbow-backed Emergency Recipe" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty gave Tu Youyou new inspiration.
Temperature is the key, so Tu Youyou immediately switched to ether with a lower boiling point for the experiment, and used ether to extract artemisinin. This seemingly simple extraction process is precious.
Tu Youyou's team finally discovered artemisinin in 1972.
The discovery of artemisinin has brought a new antimalarial drug with a new structure to human beings.
Since 2000, the World Health Organization has regarded artemisinin as the first-choice antimalarial drug. Artemisinin has saved millions of lives around the world and treated hundreds of millions of patients every year.
"The success of a scientific research project will not be easy. It takes hard work." Tu Youyou said.
In 1992, in view of the high cost of artemisinin and its inability to cure malaria, Tu Youyou and her colleagues invented dihydroartemisinin with 10 times the antimalarial efficacy.
In 2018, Tu Youyou's team found that artemisinin was more than 90% effective for discoid lupus erythematosus and more than 80% effective for systemic lupus erythematosus.
In 2019, Tu Youyou was awarded the "Medal of the Republic".
A candy pill, a monument
On the eve of this year's Spring Festival, representatives of teachers and students of Peking Union Medical College stood silently and presented flowers to the statue of Gu Fangzhou, deeply cherishing his outstanding contributions to my country's public health.
On September 29, 2019, the awarding ceremony of the National Medal and National Honorary Title of the People's Republic of China was held in the Golden Hall of the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
Gu Fangzhou was awarded the national honorary title of "People's Scientist".
Gu Fangzhou, former president of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, a famous medical scientist, virologist, and medical educator.
He isolated the polio virus for the first time in China, and successfully developed the first batch of live polio vaccine and polio sugar pill vaccine. He is known as the "father of polio vaccine in China".
Polio, also known as polio, is an acute infectious disease that seriously threatens children's health.
In the 1950s, polio was prevalent in many parts of my country.
In December 1959, with the approval of the former Ministry of Health, my country established a live polio vaccine research collaboration group, with Gu Fangzhou as the group leader, to conduct research on polio vaccine.
Gu Fangzhou formulated a two-step research plan: animal testing and clinical testing.
After the animal test was passed, it entered a more critical stage of clinical trials.
However, who will be the first to do human trials?
Gu Fangzhou decided to try the vaccine first.
Risking possible paralysis, he drank a vial of vaccine solution.
One week later, the vital signs were stable without any abnormality.
However, Gu Fangzhou faces a bigger problem: Most adults are immune to poliovirus, and the vaccine must be proven safe for children.
So, where to look for preschoolers?
Who wants to experiment with their own children?
"I am the team leader, and I take the lead." Gu Fangzhou brought his only child at the time.
Later, five or six children of lab colleagues participated in the experiment.
After a long month, the children's vital signs were normal, and the Phase I clinical trial was successfully passed.
In 1960, 2,000 vaccines were administered in Beijing.
Phase II clinical trial results show that the vaccine is safe and effective.
Subsequently, Gu Fangzhou expanded the tested population from 2,000 to 4.5 million, and launched Phase III clinical trials in major cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Qingdao, and Shenyang, which were successful.
Later, Gu Fangzhou developed a sugar pill vaccine.
On the premise of preserving the potency of live vaccines, the shelf life is greatly extended.
With the large-scale production of sugar pill vaccines, my country has entered a historical stage of comprehensive control of the polio epidemic.
In 1975, Gu Fangzhou's team began to develop a trivalent mixed sugar pill vaccine.
In 1985, the optimal formula was finally explored, and the trivalent sugar pill vaccine was successfully developed.
In 1986, the trivalent sugar pill vaccine was promoted and used nationwide, providing a powerful weapon for the complete eradication of polio.
In 1990, the national poliomyelitis eradication plan was implemented, and the number of cases dropped rapidly year by year in the following years.
In 2000, the "Signing Ceremony of China's Polio Eradication Confirmation Report" was held at the former Ministry of Health, and 74-year-old Gu Fangzhou solemnly signed as a representative, marking my country's becoming a polio-free country.
A small sugar pill protects the lives and health of hundreds of millions of children.
Gu Fangzhou devoted his whole life, devoted himself to research, and devoted himself to establishing a monument in the history of public health in our country.
Our reporter Bai Jianfeng Shen Shaotie Yang Yanfan