Some of the allegations that began to emerge and spread in the early stages of the invasion of Ukraine are still alive - at least on social media.
What they have in common is that they are largely unverified - that the truth behind it is at best hidden and obscure.
- In a conflict like the one we see now, there are different kinds of battles, you could say, with different types of weapons.
"Urban legends" are just a small part of everything that happens, says Ola Svenonius, researcher at FOI.
They have been the subject of memes, and have in a multitude of versions spread around to millions of audiences.
And - they serve as Ukrainian propaganda and moral boosters, have been shared by official Ukrainian accounts, and in some cases have been "fact-checked" by the corresponding Russian social media accounts.
- Whether the "ghost of Kyiv" stories are true or not may not be the most important thing.
It can be the case that people just want to see something that is peppery for their own side and then the most important thing is whether it is true or not, says Ola Svenonius, researcher at FOI.
Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ukrainian Navy's picture of events at "Snake island".
Photo: Facsimile
These are "The Ghost of Kyiv", "Ukrainian Reaper" and "The Snake Island Soldiers".
What is it? See the video above for a review.