Jia Zhangke, deputy to the National People's Congress:
Incorporate historical and cultural heritage and museums into the teaching system of compulsory education
Topics·History and Culture Learning
Jia Zhangke, deputy to the National People's Congress, said in an exclusive interview with a reporter from Beijing Youth Daily that he hopes to add experiential historical and cultural learning in the change from exam-oriented education to quality education, so that students can learn while traveling and truly immerse themselves in history and culture. .
"This is very meaningful for improving the quality of the people, especially the identification, learning and inheritance of Chinese culture."
Jia Zhangke has learned a lot from his 5-year work experience as a deputy to the National People's Congress. He has also gained a lot.
From the beginning of focusing only on matters related to his own career, to focusing on hot topics and people's livelihood, Jia Zhangke's proposals have changed significantly in recent years.
In 2020, Jia Zhangke's concern about the "digital divide" of the elderly has been well resolved after being raised by the conference.
In 2021, the National People's Congress will be included in the government work report.
This year, Jia Zhangke's proposal is to "make a historical and cultural directory for primary and secondary school students, and incorporate historical and cultural heritage and museums into the compulsory education teaching system."
Experiential historical and cultural learning is a teaching mode that kills multiple birds with one stone
Beiqing Daily: What is the motion you brought this year?
Jia Zhangke: My proposal this year is to "make a historical and cultural directory for primary and secondary school students, and incorporate historical and cultural heritage and museums into the teaching system of compulsory education."
It is my personal experience, and it has a lot to do with my living environment, Shanxi.
Shanxi is currently one of the provinces with the most cultural relics on the ground in China. There are many world cultural heritages and historical relics, as well as many museums. Every city in Shanxi has a museum. It can be said that the protection of historical relics is very comprehensive. Not fully and effectively used, especially not closely related to education.
On the other hand, in Japan and some countries in Europe and America, the experiential teaching of historical and cultural relics in their museums is a very important part of teaching, which is relatively lacking in China.
In 2021, the "double reduction" policy for primary and secondary schools will be implemented. This is an opportunity. I hope to add experiential historical and cultural learning from the past exam-oriented education to the change of quality education.
This is a comprehensive study, in addition to enhancing the interest in Chinese history, it can also cultivate the observation and discovery of "beauty".
Because many historical relics have a high sense of beauty, whether from an architectural perspective or an artistic perspective, it can be said that this is a very effective way of aesthetic education.
In addition to technological competition, aesthetic competition is also very important in the competition of talents in the future. Such experiential historical and cultural learning is a teaching mode that serves multiple purposes.
Our country has a large number of museums and a large amount of historical heritage. We can sort out a directory suitable for primary and secondary school students, compile relevant teaching materials, and formulate appropriate routes according to local conditions, so that students can learn in tourism and truly immerse themselves in history and culture.
I think this is very meaningful for improving the quality of the people, especially for the identification, learning and inheritance of Chinese culture.
The basic education of self-expression in images should be established
Beiqing Daily: In recent years, the short video industry has become very popular. Recently, I saw that you and the short video creator Zhang Xiaoce talked about the relationship between movies and short videos. What do you think of short videos?
Jia Zhangke: Short video has developed rapidly in recent years. At present, it is a trend to learn from each other with movies. Short video is also an information carrier. Now a lot of information is released through short video.
There is an exaggeration to say that everyone is a short video creator.
In the past, everyone had to learn to write essays, because words were an important carrier for disseminating personal and social information. Now video has become such a carrier. The society should be prepared and should establish basic education for self-expression through images. I think this Very important.
In fact, short videos are very inspiring to the film industry because they are very interactive.
Although short videos are short and fragmented, they do have effective communication of centralized information. These are good models for reference in the development of media.
I also saw that short videos are actually learning from movies, and many short video authors have also begun to build more holistic and structured works, not just fragmented, messy and simple. I think there is a fusion between movies and short videos. Communicating.
Beiqing Daily: What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of short videos?
Jia Zhangke: I don't think there are advantages and disadvantages.
Short video is an emerging carrier of information dissemination.
In addition to short videos, people have other information dissemination channels, such as traditional media writing methods are also deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, but now they have switched to new media and WeChat public accounts to spread.
Short videos do not exist in isolation, and it does not mean that short videos will be completely relied upon in the future.
I think there is still room for short videos to develop.
In terms of the creation of short videos, it is very similar to the creation of single shots and short films in the early days of the film.
The newness of short videos is spreading. In the Internet era, short videos have a huge amount of dissemination.
Especially in the 5G era, a large number of short videos can be quickly distributed and downloaded, the network gap in the past has been broken, and the speed of information dissemination is very fast.
When the video work is created for the second time
The consent of the copyright owner and the copyright owner is required
Beiqing Daily: We media on many platforms divide film and television works into several segments or make movie commentaries for playback. What do you think?
Jia Zhangke: From the perspective of the industry, I think there are indeed hidden copyright concerns, because when these video works are created twice, in principle, the consent of the copyright owner and the copyright owner is required.
Each author has a different attitude towards re-editing and editing materials. Some people feel that it is okay for the work to be ridiculed and explained, but some people feel that it destroys the original intention of their work.
Personally, my two-and-a-half-hour work "Platform" was finished in 7 minutes online.
Although I think it is also a dissemination, so that many people who have not seen this work know and briefly understand this work. On the other hand, to a certain extent, this work is simplified. After all, it is difficult to summarize in 7 minutes. The content of the entire film, because there is a sense of time in the film, has a detailed description of the history of China in the 1980s.
Copyright usage does require regulation.
If authorized and the author wants you to use it in this way, you can use it freely.
However, many of the latest films are still in the period of copyright revenue, which means that the schedule has not yet passed. This kind of saying that the film has appeared in a few minutes is indeed a trouble for film creators, and I think it needs to be standardized.
Text/Reporter Liu Yilong