It is now official, Emmanuel Macron is a candidate for the presidential election of 2022.
The youngest of the 2017 campaign had made many promises in his program: lower taxes, reform of the baccalaureate, better access to aid...
Did Emmanuel Macron keep his commitments?
20 Minutes
has sifted through several of its emblematic promises.
His candidacy was hardly in doubt.
Emmanuel Macron announced Thursday evening in a "Letter to the French" that he was running for the presidential election to stand at the Elysée.
What is the balance sheet of his five-year term?
“We have not succeeded in everything”, recognizes the Head of State in his text.
The fact-checking section of
20 Minutes
has therefore sifted through a dozen of candidate Macron's 2017 promises, from the abolition of the housing tax to the reforms of the baccalaureate and pension schemes.
Promises kept, not kept or partially fulfilled?
Check out the result below.
“We will open the rights to unemployment insurance to employees who resign.
This right will only be usable once every five years.
In return, insufficient job search efforts or the refusal of reasonable offers will lead to the suspension of benefits.
»
Partially held.
This right has been open since 2019, but in a restrictive way.
It is open to employees who resign by meeting certain criteria.
These rights are open when the resignation meets one of the criteria set out by the labor code and is thus "considered legitimate by the unemployment insurance scheme", explains the Ministry of Labor.
The employee may also be entitled to these allowances when he "justifies a certain duration of previous salaried activity and that he pursues a project of professional retraining, creation or takeover of a business".
Be careful, it is not enough to want to set up your business or to retrain to be entitled to it: the “real and serious nature” of the project must be “certified by a joint committee”.
In short, a resignation is far from automatically opening rights to unemployment insurance.
“We will transform (…) the ISF into a “real estate wealth tax” without increasing the current taxation on real estate and inheritance rights”
Held
.
This has been done since 2018. This flagship measure of Emmanuel Macron's program brought in 1.56 billion in 2020, while the former ISF brought in around 4 billion.
“We will renovate one million poorly insulated homes by 2022, and as a priority those of the most modest owners.
»
Partially held.
Emmanuel Macron remained vague here on the terms of this renovation.
Open to all owners and co-owners, the main aid, Ma prime rénov, was launched in 2020. More than 190,000 requests had been submitted in the first year and 297,000 files had been accepted during the first two quarters of 2021. Despite this request, the Abbé Pierre Foundation deplores the financing of "simple renovation "gestures", ineffective if they remain isolated (changing the boiler, insulating the attic, changing the windows, etc.), to the detriment of the long-term performance of a renovation global”.
“We want a eurozone budget voted by a eurozone parliament and executed by a eurozone economy and finance minister.
»
Not held
.
There is currently neither "Parliament of the euro zone", nor minister of the Economy of the Economy and Finances of the countries which use this currency.
As for the project of a budget for the euro zone, a first step had been taken in this direction in 2019, with the creation of a "budgetary instrument for convergence and competitiveness", which was not strictly speaking a budget , but which was to finance certain operations in the euro zone.
This “budgetary instrument” then fell by the wayside, efforts having been concentrated since the Covid-19 pandemic on the European recovery plan.
“We will give access to a school life assistant to all children who need it to have an education like the others.
These AVS will have a stable job and a decent salary.
»
Partially held.
Despite an increase in the number of assistants for students with disabilities (AESH) - +35% since 2017, according to National Education -, the account is still not there, deplores the association Toupi, which carried out a online survey in September with 2,449 respondents.
These reported 643 students without AESH, including 55 out of school due to the lack of support.
However, AESH can be recruited at the last minute.
How many students are still waiting for an AESH?
Neither the ministry nor the secretary of state for people with disabilities are able to provide us with an estimate, because it is “departmental data”, indicates National Education.
The homes for people with disabilities, which validate AESH requests, “do not report their notifications to the ministry”.
As far as the status of AESH is concerned, it has evolved under the five-year term, moving from assisted contracts to a three-year fixed-term contract, renewable once and then convertible into a permanent contract.
However, this did not resolve the question of the precariousness of this profession, underlined the SNUipp-FSU union in a complete file last November.
In particular, AESH – 93% women – are likely to work part-time.
With 24 hours of work per week, an AESH receives around 800 euros per month, according to the calculations of the union.
“We will reduce the number of deputies and senators by about a third.
They will have additional means to do their job.
»
Not held.
No law was voted in this direction during the quinquennium.
In August 2019, the government tabled a bill which plans to go from 587 deputies to 433 deputies and from 348 to 261 senators.
The text has not yet been examined in committee, prior to an examination in the hemicycle.
“We will exempt all French people from the middle and working classes (i.e. 80% of households) from housing tax.
»
Held
.
The progressive abolition of the housing tax began in 2018. It affected, initially, between 2018 and 2020, 61% of the households concerned by this tax, according to the calculations of the deputies of the Finance Committee.
To reach the figure of 80%, the government takes into account the 18% of households that already had a zero amount of housing tax.
The government has gone a little further than this campaign promise, since in 2023, no more households will pay this tax.
“We will remove at least a quarter of the departments, where they can be brought closer to one of our large metropolises.
»
Not held.
During his campaign for the 2017 presidential election, Emmanuel Macron planned to eliminate a quarter of French departments by 2022. The reason given: highly urbanized territories are not managed in the same way as rural areas.
In December 2018, the government abandoned its plan to abolish the departments of the inner suburbs, initially envisaged as part of the reform of Greater Paris.
Several departments opposed it, such as Seine-Saint-Denis.
In turn, the metropolises concerned opposed a possible merger with the departments.
In February 2019, Nice and Toulouse joined Nantes, Lille and Bordeaux in their refusal of the reform, Marseille remaining the only candidate for this merger.
In October 2019, Edouard Philippe wrote to the president (LR) of the two entities: "The merger between the Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis and the department is no longer on the agenda".
“We will set a floor price for carbon in the countries of the European Union.
»
Not held.
Emmanuel Macron had already mentioned this measure when he was Minister of the Economy, but even under his mandate at the Elysée, no floor price is yet displayed.
The Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Kristalina Georgieva nevertheless called, in April 2021, on the G20 countries to impose "a floor price" in terms of carbon tax to truly limit the rise in temperatures to 2°C compared to the preindustrial levels.
“We will create a single social payment.
All social allowances (APL, RSA, etc.) will be paid on the same day of the month, one quarter maximum after the recognition of income (against up to two years today).
»
Not held… but again promised.
The Head of State persists in his desire to create a system combining the active solidarity income (RSA), the activity bonus and personal housing assistance (APL).
A reform which aims to lead to the creation of a single universal activity income, born from the merger of these allowances intended for working people in order to simplify their management and payment by the Family Allowance Funds.
During a speech at the annual congress of the Federation of Solidarity Actors, in early January 2022, the Head of State reiterated his intention to bring about such a reform – which would necessarily only take place during a possible second five-year term.
Emmanuel Macron thus said he was "convinced" that the grouping of benefits will constitute "an appropriate response to precarious workers who oscillate today between activity and social minima without the gain of returning to activity not always being tangible for them" .
As he recalled to the Federation of Solidarity Actors, the President of the Republic announced on September 13, 2018 the establishment of a universal activity income (RUA) during the presentation of the national strategy. against poverty.
After institutional consultation and citizen consultation launched in 2019, the government of Edouard Philippe planned the tabling of a bill in 2020 and the first payments of the RUA in 2022 or 2023. But the health crisis due to the coronavirus pandemic Covid-19 has upended this calendar.
“We will set up 100% coverage of glasses and hearing and dental prostheses by 2022, in conjunction with mutual insurance companies and all health professionals.
»
Tenuous.
The “100% Health” offer was gradually implemented between 2018 and 2021, as we explained in this article devoted to the assessment of the measure.
It makes it possible to offer a “basket” of care and equipment fully reimbursed by Social Security and health insurance for patients on dental, optics and hearing, provided they have mutual insurance.
According to the latest assessment of this reform, in 2021, 39% of sales of hearing aids, 55% of dental prostheses and 17% of glasses were made without charge.
The dental device will include more care in 2022.
“We will limit the size of the 12,000 CP and CE1 classes in the priority zone to 12 students per teacher.
»
Outfit.
This measure was part of a desire to prioritize primary school so that each child masters the fundamentals at school.
The duplication of CP classes in REP + began in September 2017. In total, according to the Ministry of National Education, the measure resulted in the creation of 10,800 CP and CE1 classes in REP + and REP in 12 student.
It benefited 350,000 students in 2021.
Nevertheless, the unions had denounced a lack of means for this major reform.
During the start of the 2018 school year, according to calculations by SNUipp, the leading primary union, 3,800 positions were created in the first degree when at least 5,000 were needed.
“We will modernize the baccalaureate.
There will now be four compulsory subjects in the final exam.
The others will be validated by continuous monitoring.
»
Outfit.
The reform caused much ink to flow during the five-year term.
It was put in place for students who entered first in September 2019, and who should have taken the new final exams in 2021… if the pandemic had not forced the ministry to make greater use of continuous assessment.
From now on, at the end of the second general, each student follows a common core of seven subjects: French, philosophy (Terminale), history-geography, moral and civic education, living languages A and B, physical education and sports (EPS) and science education.
Added to this are three specialty courses chosen by the student, who retains two in terminale.
Updates have been made for 2022: the general balance between continuous assessment (40 of 100 coefficients) and terminal assessment (60 of 100 coefficients) within the general and technological baccalaureate is maintained.
The assessment of each of the courses and disciplines is however clarified: from now on, none of them is assessed cumulatively by the continuous assessment and by the final assessment.
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