Lu Xin, deputy to the National People's Congress, focuses on the supporting measures of the fertility policy

Proper extension of male parental leave is recommended

　　No one is bringing a baby, the cost of bringing a baby is high, and childcare services are expensive... Nowadays, many social factors have reduced the willingness of young couples to have children, which is a shortcoming in people's livelihood security that needs to be addressed urgently.

　　Lu Xin, deputy to the National People's Congress, vice chairman of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Taiwan League, and professor of Jinan University, admitted that childbirth is still one of the development bottlenecks that women in the workplace must face. Supporting measures." Lu Xin said.

In her research, she found that many countries and regions have implemented social policies to encourage childbirth in order to change the current situation of aging and low birthrate, mainly involving tax cuts, social welfare, employment support, community mutual assistance and other aspects.

This year, Lu Xin focused on supporting measures for the maternity policy, from appropriately increasing the special additional deduction for personal income tax, appropriately extending male parental leave and establishing a flexible leave system, and units with conditions set up childcare for children aged 0-3 years for female employees in their units. Suggestions on places, etc.

　　Text/Shen Hui, All Media Reporter of Guangzhou Daily

　　Photo / Guangzhou Daily All Media Reporter Luo Changwei

　　Performance speech

　　What the deputies to the National People's Congress have to do is not to add icing on the cake, but to help in the snow

　　"What the deputies to the National People's Congress have to do is not to add icing on the cake, but to provide help in the snow. They must reflect the social conditions and public opinion, see where our country still has shortcomings, and put forward suggestions, so that the Party Central Committee and the State Council can pay attention to this problem, so as to promote policy improvement." As the twelfth This year is Lu Xin's tenth year in office.

Over the years, she said, she has made 42 suggestions.

These suggestions are derived from the problems encountered by the common people, appeal for the common people, and reflect the social conditions and public opinion.

　　"We have many outstanding representatives of the National People's Congress in Guangdong who put forward a proposal, persisted for 8 or 10 years, and finally promoted the implementation of the policy. I admire them very much." Lu Xin has paid attention to the medical treatment of hepatitis B patients. In view of the issue of medical expenses and medical expenses, continuous calls have been made to recommend that chronic diseases such as hepatitis B be included in the scope of medical insurance reimbursement.

"In recent years, more and more drugs for the treatment of hepatitis B have entered the medical insurance list. I contacted the families of these patients and they told me that the original monthly medical expenses had dropped from more than 1,500 yuan to only four or five per month. Hundred dollars."

　　Lu Xin has also paid attention to the problems brought about by changes in the population structure, focusing on "one old and one small" and put forward suggestions, such as the construction of the pension information platform and the combination of medical and elderly care, etc. More and more attention has been paid to pension issues, and the pension service system has become more and more perfect, and the continuous efforts of many representatives' suggestions and committee members' proposals have jointly promoted the continuous progress of pension work."

　　How to take maternity leave?

　　According to Lu Xin, the most direct way to encourage maternity policies is to implement paid maternity leave.

"There are currently 177 countries and regions that implement paid maternity leave. The average length of maternity leave is 109 days. The specific days range from 14 to 630 days. The pay ratio ranges from 33% to 100%." ​​However, she also found that, Simply extending women's maternity leave has little effect.

　　Properly extending male paternity leave and implementing flexible leave is an effective method.

Lu Xin believes that male paternity and parental leave can not be taken all at once, but to establish a flexible leave system in which leave is divided and shared.

　　Specifically, first of all, the division and sharing of parental leave must be negotiated with the employer and reached an agreement with the employer.

Secondly, the number of divisions and sharing conditions of parental leave are limited to avoid a sharp increase in labor costs for enterprises due to frequent division of leave.

"Through the establishment of a flexible parental leave system, the implementation of the system will be promoted, and a good social environment will be created to encourage the realization of the maternity policy." In addition, she believes that it is also possible to organize men to participate in maternal and child care technical training courses and participate in the popularization of maternal and child care knowledge Lectures and other activities encourage men to improve their maternal and child care capabilities to better assume family responsibilities during parental leave.

　　How to deduct personal tax?

　　Lu Xin believes that at present, 6 items including children's education expenses can enjoy individual tax deductions, which has a positive effect on reducing the individual tax burden of the masses, especially in reducing the burden of raising children.

However, the current policy is that children of taxpayers who are 3 years old and who are in the pre-school education stage before entering primary school will be deducted according to the standard of 1,000 yuan per child per month.

"That is to say, if the child is under three years old, he cannot enjoy the special additional deduction for the child's education, and the childcare fee of several thousand yuan per month is also invaluable for many parents born in the 1980s and 1990s. Small financial burden."

　　In order to increase the willingness of couples of childbearing age to have children, Lu Xin believes that the individual tax deduction should be extended to cover the entire process of raising children from birth to academic education.

In fact, the nine-year compulsory education stage is supported by government subsidies, so the tuition fees in the nursery stage are even higher than those in the compulsory education stage.

Restricting additional deductions to children over the age of 3 will actually increase the pressure on family parenting and affect the decision-making of many families to have children again.

　　Based on this, she suggested that the special additional deduction for individual income tax for children's education should be appropriately increased, and the special additional deduction items for child support between the ages of 0 and 3 should be added.

At the same time, appropriate cash subsidies will be issued to low-income families, and specific individual income tax deduction policies can be formulated for special children to further ease the parenting burden of families with special children.

　　How to bring the child?

　　"I also have a suggestion to encourage qualified units to set up nursery places for the 0-3 year olds of female employees in their units, so that women can safely carry their children to work." Lu Xin said.

　　According to the data provided by the Guangdong Health and Health Commission, by the end of 2020, there were more than 5,400 various institutions providing childcare services in the province, with more than 90,000 employees and 390,000 nursery places. At present, there are about 5.15 million infants and young children under the age of 3 in Guangdong Province, and 54.6% of them are willing to enter the kindergarten. Theoretically, there are about 2.8 million people in the kindergarten. Big.

　　She admitted that after on-site research, many large enterprises and institutions have the conditions to vacate spare spaces that meet the requirements of nursery institutions, and most of the employees have childcare needs for children aged 0-3. However, due to the management and control of unit funds and the ownership of assets The problem is that the unit is temporarily unable to promote the construction of the nursery place in the unit.

She believes that it can be promoted through special funds and relaxation of restrictions on the use of exclusive venues.

She learned from the Guangzhou Pelesi Nursing Center that the operation mode of the center is "public-built and privately-owned". For preparations and daily operations, preferential tuition fees are given to the children of employees of the unit, and priority is given to meeting the needs of employees' children. The remaining seats are openly recruited to nearby communities and even the society.

　　Lu Xin believes that it is possible to explore the establishment of nursery institutions in office clusters and industrial parks.

At the same time, in order to solve the problem of the long-term shortage of childcare workers, she suggested that childcare workers be included in the "Nan Yue Housekeeping" project, the training and qualification certification of childcare workers should be promoted, and the salaries of childcare workers should be improved.