我国自古就有“冬吃萝卜夏吃姜，不用医生开处方”的说法，这几天晚餐，家里就炖上了萝卜排骨汤，下班后从寒风瑟瑟中哆嗦着回家，喝一碗实在惬意。

　　不过，为何总有冬天要吃萝卜的说法呢？萝卜到底有什么特别吗？冬天吃萝卜真的有特别的好处？我们就来聊聊冬吃萝卜。

　　胡萝卜和萝卜，不是一家子

　　说起萝卜，就不得不提胡萝卜。这俩就相差一个字，大家都会把它们当作一家子。不过你知道吗？胡萝卜和萝卜可不是同家族的，胡萝卜其实并不能算是“萝卜”。

　　萝卜的种植历史非常长，四千年前的埃及和两千年前的中国就有记载了。我国现在种植的萝卜品种大约有2000多种，常见的有樱桃萝卜、红萝卜、青萝卜、白萝卜、心里美萝卜等等，都是萝卜家族的成员。

　　如果你仔细看会发现，它们都是十字花科的蔬菜。但是，胡萝卜却是伞形科胡萝卜属的成员。这两个科在植物学分类上相差可远了。所以，胡萝卜可并不是萝卜哦。

　　萝卜水分大、膳食纤维高、热量低

　　但跟其他蔬菜相比没有特别之处

　　萝卜的吃法有很多，如生吃、凉拌、熬汤、做泡菜等等，每一种做法都很美味，也都有一帮吃货钟爱。很多人都说萝卜好，营养价值高，是不是真的如此呢？

　　根据美国农业部的食物营养数据库显示，每100克白萝卜中，三大营养素的数据分别是：糖分是1.86克，蛋白质0.68克，脂肪含量0.1克；膳食纤维含量1.6克，维生素C14.8毫克。

　　从营养数据分析来看，作为一种食用蔬菜，萝卜的营养特点主要是：

　　1.含水量高、热量低：萝卜的含水量在90%以上，每100克含量大概20千卡左右。冬天天气干燥，多吃水分含量高的食物，对于补充身体所需的水分还是有好处的。

　　2.膳食纤维含量高：萝卜中含有大量的膳食纤维，能增加饱腹感，再加上萝卜中含有芥子油，可以促进肠蠕动，有助于通便。

　　3. The vitamin content is quite rich, and it also contains a variety of trace elements: For example, the vitamin C content of radishes is at a moderate level, and eating more radishes is also good for obtaining vitamin C.

However, from the perspective of nutrient composition analysis, these nutrients of radish are not prominent in vegetables.

　　For example, the vitamin C content in green peppers per 100 grams is more than 60 mg, and the dietary fiber in peas per 100 grams is also much richer than that of radishes.

　　In general, radish can be used as a vegetable that provides a variety of nutritional sources for humans, but there is nothing special about it.

　　Is eating radish better than ginseng in winter?

　　In fact, it was because there were few vegetables in the winter before.

　　There are many health legends about radishes in the folk. For example, some people say that radishes are "little ginseng", "eat radishes in winter and eat ginger in summer, do not ask the doctor to prescribe medicines", "radish is on the market, the doctor is fine" and so on.

Do radishes really have such a magical effect?

　　It is good to eat radish in winter. I think an important reason for these sayings is that there were fewer vegetables in the past winter. As a very cold-resistant vegetable, radish is also one of the few vegetables that people can eat in winter.

In ancient times, fresh radishes could be eaten in the long winter, which was very helpful for people to supplement nutrition, especially vitamin C.

Therefore, at that time, people would think that eating radishes in winter is good.

　　However, in modern times, with the development of food technology, especially the advancement of cold chain, fruit and vegetable storage, and fruit and vegetable planting technology, we can eat a variety of vegetables and fruits all year round, and the role of radishes is not. So amazing.

　　In fact, although radish has its own nutritional advantages, it does not have any special ingredients. The nutrients contained in radish are found in many fruits and vegetables, and are also very common. You can also get them by eating other fruits and vegetables.

　　Moreover, if you are really sick, you cannot achieve the therapeutic effect simply by eating several nutrients provided by radish.

　　The real treatment of the disease still needs to be diagnosed, symptomatic, and effective treatment of the cause, so as not to delay the disease and ensure the health of the body.

　　Are there anticancer factors in radishes?

　　Not yet fully proven in humans

　　Scientists have also discovered some potentially healthy ingredients from radishes.

For example, in recent years, many media reports have mentioned an anti-cancer factor - sulforaphane, glucosinolate, etc.

　　Some studies have found that these substances have "anti-oxidant" and "anti-cancer" effects, but most of them are found in cell and animal experiments, but there is not enough evidence in the human body. too early.

　　In general, judging from the current research evidence, although radishes are delicious, they really have no special health care effects. Everyone should not be too superstitious. If you are sick, you should see a doctor in time.

　　Of course, if you like to eat radishes, I still support it.

After all, the basic idea of ​​nutritional health lies in dietary variety and balanced nutrition.

As a vegetable, radishes can also enrich our diets and are good for increasing food variety and balance.

　　Text / Ruan Guangfeng (Director of Science and Technology Department of Food and Nutrition Information Exchange Center)