The five members of the Security Council pledge to avoid a nuclear war

• Escalation Ukraine fears Putin will put nuclear weapons in Belarus

The five permanent members of the UN Security Council pledged this Monday, in a context of tensions, to "prevent the proliferation" of nuclear weapons, stating that any war that involves them can never be won.

Before the 10th Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) review conference, scheduled for January but postponed due to the covid-19 pandemic, the five powers (United States, China, Russia, United Kingdom and France) they tried to

about the risks of a cataclysmic confrontation.

In full negotiations with Iran over its nuclear program, the five countries underscored their "willingness to work with all states to establish a security environment that allows further progress in disarmament, with the ultimate goal of a world without nuclear weapons." explained the French presidency, which coordinated the work of these States for two years.

"Each of us will maintain and further strengthen our national measures to prevent the unauthorized or unintended use of nuclear weapons," added the text, published a week before negotiations between Russia and the United States are held in Geneva on the nuclear weapons. nuclear arms control treaties and on the situation on the border between Russia and Ukraine.

"We affirm that a nuclear war cannot be won and that it should never be fought," said the five signatory countries, stressing that "as long as [nuclear weapons] exist, they must be used for defensive, deterrent and war prevention purposes."

The first to allude to this concept of nuclear war impossible to be won by anyone were the then leaders

and

(of the Soviet Union and the United States, respectively) and they did so in Geneva in 1985. However, "never it had been retaken by the group of five, "said Marc Finaud, an expert on arms proliferation at the Geneva Political Center for Security (GCSP).

"They took the lead and agreed to recover that doctrine," claimed by many countries and civil societies, Finaud added in statements to AFP.

According to him, the signatories want to "reassure" the people, "to tell the world that all concerns about the risk of nuclear war are unfounded."

In fact, in recent months there has been no lack of statements about the volatility of world geopolitics, as a result of the tensions between China and the United States over Taiwan and the Indo-Pacific;

military movements in Ukraine and other crises in the Middle East, devastating consequences of covid-19

"Nuclear destruction"

The UN Secretary General,

, had sounded the alarm in December from a rostrum.

"Given the storage of more than 13,000 nuclear weapons in arsenals around the world, how long will our luck last?" He asked.

"Nuclear destruction is a sword of Damocles: a misunderstanding or misjudgment would suffice to cause not only suffering and death on a frightening scale,

.

The NPT, which entered into force in 1970

to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, is made up of 191 states.

The five signatories are the five states legally recognized as "endowed with nuclear weapons" by the treaty.

Three other countries considered possessors of the atomic bomb (

) are non-signatories.

North Korea, for its part, has denounced the NPT.

These statements also coincided with the negotiations, in Vienna, aimed at revitalizing the 2015 agreement on the Iranian nuclear program, moribund since the United States withdrew from it in 2018. On Monday, the Russian government welcomed the

and He said he hopes it "helps reduce the level of international tensions," according to a statement from the Russian Foreign Ministry. For his part, Kremlin spokesman Dmitri Peskov told RIA Novosti that the Russian government considers it "necessary" for

The joint declaration "will help increase mutual trust and replace competition between the great powers with coordination and cooperation," Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Ma Zhaoxu was quoted as saying by the Xinhua news agency.

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