The talks were held with the head of the Polish National Security Bureau Pavel Solokh and the head of the International Politics Bureau, Jakub Kumokh.
"They exchanged views on the growth of Russian military forces near the Ukrainian borders and reaffirmed the importance of Allied unity in diplomacy and containment efforts," the White House said in a statement.
Sullivan reaffirmed the US commitment to Article 5 of the NATO Charter on the mutual defense of member countries in case of attack.
Earlier, the office of the Polish president said that Warsaw is considering proposals from NATO allies for assistance on the Belarusian-Polish border in connection with the migration crisis.