China wins more and more trust and respect in the world (year-end special article 2)
2021 is a year when China actively participates in global governance and has achieved fruitful results: it provided nearly 2 billion doses of vaccines to more than 120 countries and international organizations, promoted the "Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement" to take effect as scheduled, and formally applied to join the "Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement" Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement, convened the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties of the United Nations "Convention on Biological Diversity", participated in the 26th Conference of the Parties of the "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change," In many areas such as change, China provides solutions for global governance.
In today's world, mankind is experiencing rare multiple challenges. The future and destiny of all countries are closely linked, and the integration of interests has never been seen before.
Faced with endless global issues and challenges, China strives to promote the development of the global governance system in a more just and reasonable direction, enhance the representation and voice of developing countries in international affairs, and gain the trust and respect of more and more countries.
In 2021, what important contributions will China make to global governance?
"On October 25, 1971, the United Nations General Assembly voted through Resolution 2758 to restore the legal seat of the People’s Republic of China in the United Nations. Fifty years later, a vibrant China is playing an important role in stabilizing the international situation and curbing destructive trends. "The Russian "Labor Daily" deputy editor Mikhail Morozov wrote an article that China has actively participated in international cooperation on global issues such as climate change, terrorism, environmental issues, and financial crises in the past 50 years, and has effectively played its responsibility. The role of a great power.
Wang Huiyao: In 2021, China will actively participate in global governance and make important progress in many fields.
In terms of global public health governance, China was the first to promise the new crown vaccine as a global public product, to support vaccine intellectual property rights exemption, and to launch vaccine production cooperation with developing countries. So far, it has provided nearly 2 billion doses to more than 120 countries and international organizations. Vaccines account for 1/3 of the total global vaccine use outside of China, making it the country that provides the most vaccines to the outside world.
In November 2021, China announced that it would provide another 1 billion doses of vaccines to Africa, of which 600 million doses will be free aid and 400 million doses will be provided through joint production by Chinese companies and relevant African countries.
In the field of climate change, China has made a series of substantial contributions.
In September 2021, China announced that it will vigorously support the green and low-carbon development of energy in developing countries and will no longer build new overseas coal power projects.
In November, China participated in the 26th Conference of the Parties to the "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change" and issued the "Sino-U.S. Joint Declaration on Strengthening Climate Action in the 2020s" to strengthen China and the U.S. in the field of climate change. Dialogue and cooperation.
In the field of economic and trade cooperation, China has continuously opened up its market under the multilateral cooperation mechanism to promote the development of global economic and trade cooperation.
In October 2021, China joined the global minimum corporate tax rate agreement, promising to implement fairer taxation of multinational companies and implement the world's lowest tax rate of 15% from 2023.
In December, 67 countries including China, the U.S., the U.K., and EU member states reached the "Joint Statement Initiative for Serving Domestic Regulations" in the World Trade Organization. China, as a key participant, promoted the success of the negotiations and will implement the content of the agreement on the basis of most-favored-nation treatment. Further open up the service market.
Xu Xiujun: In 2021, China will not only continue to promote the high-quality development of the "Belt and Road", but also strengthen trade and investment cooperation with countries along the "Belt and Road" and make many breakthroughs.
As of December 9, 2021, China has signed more than 200 cooperation documents for the joint construction of the “Belt and Road” with 145 countries and 32 international organizations.
The “Belt and Road” initiative has become an important international public product and a global economic cooperation platform with ideas to lead, cooperation mechanisms, and pragmatic projects.
In addition, in September 2021, China formally proposed a global development initiative at the 76th United Nations General Assembly to promote the construction of a more equal and balanced global development partnership.
China’s global development initiative and the “Belt and Road” initiative are both conducive to the implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
The two promoted each other, complemented each other, and contributed to the common development of the world.
Mao Ruipeng: In order to promote the recovery of the global economy, China is actively promoting the construction of an open world economic system.
In March 2021, China will take the lead in completing the approval of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement, promoting the world’s largest free trade agreement to enter into force as scheduled on January 1, 2022.
In September, China formally applied to join the "Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement" (CPTPP).
In the past year, China successfully hosted the 4th China International Import Expo and accelerated the construction of the Hainan Free Trade Port, which demonstrated China's determination to continue to promote a high-level opening to the outside world and continued to inject vitality into the healthy development of the world economy.
In recent years, what are the characteristics of China's participation in global governance?
According to the VOA website, in November 2021, China has formally submitted an application to join the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA).
The agreement aims to establish common digital trade rules and seeks to promote more operational interactions between different systems and digital systems of participating countries.
The BBC website reported that: “As a major country in the world's digital economy, China has applied to join DEPA to contribute to the development of the global digital economy and the governance of cyberspace in China.”
Wang Huiyao: In recent years, as China's overall national strength has increased, China has become more proactive in participating in global governance and has become a leading role in certain areas.
The most notable feature is that China is playing a vital leading role in more and more international cooperation issues.
On the topic of investment facilitation, in 2016, the Group of Twenty (G20) Hangzhou Summit reached the "G20 Global Investment Guiding Principles."
In order to successfully transform the results of the summit, China has continuously promoted negotiations on related topics for several years.
In December 2021, 112 WTO members, including China, jointly signed the "Joint Statement on Investment Facilitation". China has played an important role in promoting the establishment of an investment facilitation system.
On the topic of reducing plastic pollution, China has promoted multilateral discussions on the topic of plastic pollution in 2019. In 2020, it will launch an informal dialogue on plastic pollution and environmentally sustainable plastics trade in the WTO. 67 so far.
In December 2021, China issued the "Ministerial Statement on Informal Dialogue on Plastic Pollution and Environmentally Sustainable Plastic Trade" at the press conference of the WTO Ministerial Statement on Trade, Environment and Sustainable Development to strengthen international cooperation in reducing plastic pollution.
The innovative topics that China puts forward in the multilateral cooperation mechanism reflect the important trend that China has gradually led the direction of global governance in some areas.
Xu Xiujun: The biggest feature of China's participation in global governance is that China has always paid attention to development issues, focusing on "creating wealth" and "shared development" instead of just pursuing its own interests.
Under the framework of the “Belt and Road” initiative, China has strengthened the infrastructure construction of countries along the route, promoted the sustainable development of the local economy, brought tangible results to the countries along the route, and laid an important foundation for the long-term development of the local area.
China is committed to making the "cake" of the global economy bigger, helping more developing countries to "share a piece of the pie" from the dividends of globalization, so that the vast number of developing countries will have a real sense of gain.
Mao Ruipeng: In recent years, the depth and breadth of China's participation in global governance has continued to increase, and its characteristics have become increasingly prominent.
China’s unique experience in participating in global governance is mainly reflected in the following: First, it persists in setting an example and resolutely fulfilling its commitments.
For example, since the outbreak of the epidemic, China has actively fulfilled its commitment to support global anti-epidemic cooperation and inject strength into global public health governance.
In the field of green development, China has incorporated carbon peaking and carbon neutrality into the overall layout of ecological civilization construction, formulated a carbon peaking action plan, promoted the construction of a new power system with new energy as the main body, strengthened non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gas control, and fully launched the country The carbon market is online for trading, and a series of practical actions are taken to implement emission reduction commitments.
The second is to emphasize respect for the sovereignty of the country concerned and give full play to the leading role of the country concerned.
China maintains that international development cooperation should conform to the development stage and development strategy of the country concerned.
China’s foreign development cooperation takes improving the local people’s livelihood and promoting local sustainable development as the fundamental goal, and has always adhered to the principle of no political conditions attached, and the principle of “recipient country’s proposal, recipient country’s consent, and recipient country’s leadership”.
The third is to advocate the concept that development is the golden key to solving all problems.
China emphasizes the fundamental role of development in security and human rights. By focusing on development themes, it actively improves people’s livelihoods, narrows the gap between the rich and the poor, and continuously strengthens the foundation of security and human rights.
How does China safeguard the interests of developing countries and promote their development?
According to the Helsinki Times of Finland, since the establishment of the China-Africa Cooperation Forum in 2000, China-Africa economic and trade cooperation has continued to expand, with broad prospects for cooperation in the fields of capital, technology, development experience, and infrastructure.
China's advantages in capital, technology and development experience can help Africa maintain a good momentum of sustained economic growth.
China-Africa cooperation provides major opportunities for the development of mid-to-high-end manufacturing, medical and pharmaceutical, digital economy and other fields in Africa.
Mao Ruipeng: China is a member of developing countries and represents the interests of developing countries in global governance.
On the one hand, China has worked closely with developing-country organizations such as the Group of 77 to safeguard the rights and interests of developing countries on important international platforms such as the United Nations.
On the other hand, China actively promotes South-South cooperation to promote the economic and social development of developing countries.
China has fully implemented the G20 "Debt Remission Initiative for the Poorest Countries" with a total amount of more than 1.3 billion U.S. dollars. It is the country with the largest amount of debt relief among the G20 members.
In addition, China actively participates in global technology cooperation, strives to narrow the digital divide, and strengthens cooperation with developing countries in new business formats such as digital economy, smart cities, and 5G.
China strives for practical benefits for developing countries in the global governance system, seeks development opportunities, and helps developing countries obtain more development resources from the existing global governance system.
Wang Huiyao: As the world's largest developing country, China's economic strength is in the transitional stage of development to developed countries.
China's current special international status is conducive to building a bridge for uniting developing countries and developed countries, and helping to reduce the development gap between developed and developing countries.
In the 20 years since China joined the WTO, its average annual contribution to global economic growth has been close to 30%.
In Africa, in November 2021, the 8th Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation adopted the "Vision for China-Africa Cooperation 2035". China will work closely with African countries to jointly implement health, poverty reduction, trade promotion, and investment. Nine projects including driving, digital innovation, and green development.
In Southeast Asia, ASEAN has become China's largest trading partner.
In December 2021, the China-Laos railway was opened smoothly, and the interconnection between China and ASEAN countries was supported by infrastructure hardware.
China is committed to keeping its promises in cooperation with developing countries, so that developing countries can rest assured that they can take a ride on China's development.
Xu Xiujun: Through decades of development, China has accumulated rich development experience, which can provide important reference for other developing countries. China has a great say in the field of development.
At the same time, as a developing country, China can truly feel the unfair treatment faced by developing countries in the existing global governance system, and empathize with the situation of other developing countries in the current globalization.
In terms of participating in global governance, China and other developing countries have many "common languages."
China's participation in global governance has provided developing countries with opportunities in many aspects.
On the one hand, China has helped many developing countries to strengthen infrastructure construction, and at the same time advocated the establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank to provide support for infrastructure construction in developing countries from the perspective of investment and financing. The two work together to address the development of developing countries from a long-term perspective. problem.
On the other hand, in February 2021, China announced the elimination of absolute poverty.
China has rich experience in poverty reduction and can provide Chinese solutions for developing countries to achieve the poverty reduction goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
In addition, in terms of green development, China has experienced a series of problems caused by extensive development in the past development process, and has a deep understanding of the importance of green development.
In cooperation with developing countries, China has continuously promoted green development, energy conservation and emission reduction, and actively responded to climate change, so that more developing countries will avoid detours.
In the future, how will China continue to exert its efforts in global governance?
The French "Le Figaro" website published an article that at present, China has become the world's second largest economy and the world's largest trading nation.
China's global influence can be felt within international organizations.
China hopes to optimize the global trade order by formulating new rules. This change must be achieved through multiple channels, such as signing trade agreements, internationalizing the renminbi, determining technical standards that can guide the world's energy transition, and enhancing the financial strength of Hong Kong and Shanghai. .
These changes in China will have a profound impact on the global economy, politics, and strategy.
Wang Huiyao: With the rise of China and other emerging countries, the balance of power in the international structure has changed.
Although the strength of Western developed countries has declined, they still maintain strong system creation and system control capabilities. The discourse influence and rule-making power of developing countries are limited, and interest demands cannot be well demonstrated, and they may even be ignored. ,sacrifice.
How to reform and improve the global governance system to fully reflect the existing international power balance, enhance the voice of developing countries, and safeguard their practical interests is an important issue facing emerging developing countries such as China in their active participation in global governance.
The rising China has the responsibility to assume international responsibilities in line with its own economic volume, and to carry out more innovative practices at the theoretical, mechanism, and institutional level of global governance.
At present, China's participation in areas such as the digital economy, global free trade agreements, and carbon emissions continues to deepen and can play a greater role.
In terms of institutional development, China’s “One Belt One Road” initiative has been recognized by many countries along the route, and it can develop in the direction of multilateralization in the future.
The AIIB is a widely recognized international multilateral institution. In the future, it can connect with the World Bank, the African Development Bank and other international institutions to build an international development bank alliance and explore new mechanisms for global governance.
China can also use international organizations and institutions such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to better play its role in building consensus and solidarity and cooperation on the international stage.
By actively sharing global governance responsibilities, China will play a more role in the reform of the existing global governance system, advocate the construction of a multilateral cooperation mechanism based on the concept of "co-governance", provide the world with more public products, and create "the co-governance of the East and the West." The pattern of global co-governance.
Mao Ruipeng: China is an important force in the construction and reform of the global governance system.
In the face of the outstanding challenges facing the global governance system at this stage, the international community's expectation for China to play a greater role in global governance continues to increase.
China should strengthen participation and leadership in ideology, cooperation initiatives, and work plans.
The first is to take inclusiveness as the core concept and lead the correct development direction of the global governance system.
China should actively promote the development of the international order and global governance system in a more just and reasonable direction.
China opposes the "new cold war", opposes the definition of Sino-US relations by competition, and is committed to promoting the overall stability and healthy development of Sino-US relations, and making important contributions to the stability of the global governance system.
The second is to promote the green recovery of the world economy.
Responding to climate change and realizing a green recovery of the world economy is one of the key topics of current global governance.
China should actively support relevant United Nations agencies to convene special meetings on the theme of pushing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development back on track and realizing the green recovery of the world economy, focusing on discussing the conditions, paths, and responsibilities of all parties to the green recovery of the world economy.
The third is to deepen the global development initiative and promote the global implementation of the sustainable development agenda.
The Global Development Initiative provides an important starting point for enhancing China's national image and leading the direction of the construction of the global governance system. China should focus on launching relevant bilateral and multilateral cooperation projects in areas such as food security, health, gender equality, comprehensive education, and digital economy.
Gao Qiao