Nine departments join forces to solve the problem of kindergarten and county high school education
On the 16th, the Ministry of Education announced the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" Preschool Education Development and Promotion Action Plan and the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" County General High School Development and Promotion Action Plan jointly issued by nine departments including the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance. Simultaneously with the introduction of the general high school promotion plan, it means that my country's basic education will further extend to both ends on the basis of consolidating the level of compulsory education.
Improve the quality of basic education system construction
"Pre-school education is still the weakest link in the entire education system." "There are still prominent problems in the county, such as the source of students and the serious loss of teachers," the head of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education said when answering reporters' questions about the two promotion action plans.
"The two plans are implemented simultaneously, which means it goes hand in hand with compulsory education." said An Yongquan, head of Yinder No. 1 Middle School in Zalite Banner, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia. "The popularization of compulsory education has achieved very good results. There has been an imbalance between the development of pre-school education and ordinary high schools, which is reflected in the low proportion of pre-school inclusive kindergartens in the same area, especially in areas where the economy is relatively backward. The overall level of running schools in county-level high schools is low, unable to retain high-quality students, and the concept of the teacher team is backward, unable to meet the needs of new curriculum reforms. Some municipal-level high-quality high schools continue to expand in scale to meet the people's demand for high-quality educational resources, resulting in county high schools' collapse'."
An Yongquan said: "The simultaneous implementation of the two "plans" is conducive to the complete implementation of the "double reduction" policy. The school has sufficient time to implement the aesthetic, physical, and labor education courses in the curriculum system, and comprehensive development becomes possible."
Thickening the two ends of compulsory education is also an important step in the high-quality construction of the basic education system.
Previously, Lu Yugang, Secretary of the Party Branch and Director of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education, wrote an article that the promotion of the construction of a high-quality basic education system must continue to increase the level of popularization.
On the basis of consolidating the universal level of compulsory education, it should be further extended to both ends.
Vigorously develop public parks, support private parks to provide inclusive services, and further improve the level of universal inclusive preschool education.
Expand the supply of high-quality educational resources for ordinary high schools, further increase the gross enrollment rate of high school education, and focus on solving the problem of "collapse in the county".
Promote the further improvement of the inclusive preschool education guarantee mechanism
The "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" Preschool Education Development and Promotion Action Plan proposes that by 2025, the gross enrollment rate in the three preschool years nationwide will reach over 90%, the coverage rate of inclusive kindergartens will reach over 85%, and the proportion of children in public kindergartens will be Reach more than 50%.
The inclusive pre-school education guarantee mechanism has been further improved.
The quality of nursery education in kindergartens has been comprehensively improved, and a scientific linkage mechanism between kindergartens and primary schools has basically taken shape.
It is understood that after ten years of rapid development of preschool education in my country, although the goal of universal benefit has been achieved, there are still outstanding problems such as insufficient funding, incomplete cost-sharing mechanisms, inadequate protection of teacher benefits, and the need to improve the level of scientific education.
With the implementation of the three-child policy, the contradiction of regional and structural shortage of inclusive resources still exists. It is necessary to continue to implement the pre-school promotion plan, and on the basis of consolidating the achievements of universal inclusiveness, further break the bottleneck problem that restricts the pre-school education system and mechanism.
According to the person in charge of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education, to increase the supply of resources to solve the regional and structural contradictions of inclusive resources. First, all regions are required to calculate the demand for entering kindergartens year by year and improve the layout of inclusive kindergartens in counties (districts). planning.
To meet the needs of the implementation of the three-child policy, it is required to revise and adjust the supporting degree standards for the population in the residential community in a timely manner.
The second is to encourage and support state-owned enterprises and institutions, the military, colleges and universities, neighborhoods, and rural collectives to run public kindergartens, and actively support private kindergartens to provide inclusive services.
After the introduction of the three-child policy, many young people on the Internet said that they were "under great pressure". The kindergarten promotion plan puts a special emphasis on supporting degrees for three children. Can it alleviate the pressure of young people?
An Yongquan said: "For our underdeveloped areas, the problem of the low proportion of public kindergartens has been highlighted. The lack of a comprehensive education guarantee mechanism has caused many rural young adults to move to cities for their children’s education. They are disadvantaged groups in the cities. The cost of children is too high. Increasing the proportion of public kindergartens, especially the proportion of public kindergartens in counties and townships, can not only improve the scientific nature of preschool education, but also make a positive contribution to the retention of young people in local areas and the reduction of population loss in relatively poor areas."
Solve the problem of "collapse in the county"
"The Ministry of Education has specially formulated promotion plans for county high schools, so that our teachers who have worked in county high schools for many years see the hope of revitalization." said An Yongquan.
The scale of county-level regular high schools in my country exceeds half of the total number of regular high schools in the country, and it is the leader of county-level basic education.
Although 2020 has achieved the national high school education gross enrollment rate of more than 90% as scheduled, there are still outstanding problems in the development of some local counties, such as serious loss of students and teachers, relatively weak basic conditions, and need to improve the quality of education. In particular, to adapt to the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination, the problem of insufficient resources for running schools in the county has become more prominent, and there is an urgent need to increase support to improve the level of running schools in the county as a whole.
"The county is the leader of basic education at the county level, and running a good county is of great significance to consolidate and improve the level of popularization of high school education, promote the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education at the county level, and serve the country's rural revitalization and talent development strategy." Department of Basic Education, Ministry of Education The relevant person in charge said.
The development of county middle schools is not only a problem of educational development in a place, but also related to all aspects of economic and social development.
Earlier, media reported that in Lixian County, Hebei Province, more than 370 of the top 500 students in the county's high school entrance examination scores were exodus.
In fact, there is a phenomenon where students are concentrated in big cities and high-quality schools throughout the country.
In addition, it is not uncommon for high-quality teachers to "fly southeast by peacocks".
The loss of both the source of students and teachers in the county, and the decline in quality, is called a "collapse" phenomenon.
The "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" County General High School Development and Promotion Action Plan proposes to promote the gross enrollment rate of high school education to over 92% by 2025.
In order to prevent the loss of teachers and students, on the one hand, clarify the responsibility of local admissions management, on the other hand, it is strictly forbidden to dig people.
All localities are required to strictly follow the relevant state regulations and procedures to handle the flow of teachers. Schools in developed areas and urban areas are strictly prohibited from digging for outstanding principals and teachers in weak areas and counties. Those who are digging for talents shall stop all kinds of evaluation qualifications of the school.
"Strict management of general high school enrollment, and fully implement the citizen's co-enrollment and territorial enrollment policies. All localities are required to comprehensively establish a network platform for unified enrollment and admission for prefecture-level high school schools. Increase opportunities for rural students to enter schools." said the head of the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education.
In order to promote the solution of the shortage of teachers in counties, the difficulty in recruiting, and the inability to retain, and the overall improvement of the quality of the teachers in counties, the "14th Five-Year Plan" County General High School Development and Improvement Action Plan also proposes to increase the number of teachers in counties. In addition, the implementation of the targeted training plan for outstanding teachers in underdeveloped areas in the central and western regions, etc., at the same time, requires local education administrative departments not to squeeze the county faculty staff or long-term borrow county teachers, and prohibit public school teachers from teaching in private schools.
The position setting of middle and senior teachers is appropriately inclined to the middle of the county.
Although Ernst & Young believes that the gap between county and city high schools will not disappear immediately, because the improvement of the teaching team, curriculum structure, and hardware support requires a process.
However, "the core code of school development is the curriculum system of a school. Good ideas depend on excellent teachers to support. We are pleased to see that the improvement of the teaching team is listed as an important item in the promotion plan, so that my county high school principal There was another light in front of me."
(Our reporter Li Yulan)