China News Service, Beijing, December 6th (Reporter Chen Su) The reporter learned from the State Forestry and Grassland Administration of China on the 6th that the ongoing national special survey project of wild orchid resources has achieved important phased results, and 31 wild orchids have been found. New species of plants.
In recent years, due to factors such as disordered development and utilization and degradation of native ecosystems, wild orchid resources have been drastically reduced, and even regionally extinct, it is urgent to comprehensively strengthen protection.
In order to increase the protection of orchid resources and establish a scientific management and monitoring system, the National Forestry and Grass Administration launched a national special survey project for wild orchid resources in 2018.
In the three years since the project was implemented, it has successively completed resource surveys in 5 key orchid provinces, including Yunnan, Guizhou, and Guangxi, and 11 sub-key provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, including Tibet, Fujian, and Chongqing. This year, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Shaanxi have been launched. Waiting for investigation work in 9 provinces.
The special survey is expected to end in 2023. At present, 78,776 sample plots have been surveyed, about 132,000 orchids have been recorded, and about 1258 species have been recorded.
About 800 species of native orchids are protected ex situ in the botanical garden, and about 65% of the species are distributed in national or provincial nature reserves.
At present, the species and distribution of wild orchids in 16 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities where the orchid family is mainly distributed, including Yunnan, Guangxi, and Tibet, have been found. 31 new species, 12 new record species in China, including striped bilipal orchid and elliptic bulltooth orchid, and 1 new record genus Arachnid in mainland China.
According to the person in charge of the National Forestry and Grass Administration, the special investigation is progressing smoothly, and a scientific investigation system that can be reviewed, expanded and monitored has been established, and the background, diversity, and population geography of the national wild orchid resources have been systematically and comprehensively grasped. Distribution, endangerment degree and protection status, comprehensive and in-depth research and evaluation analysis on the factors that cause the endangerment of wild orchid resources have enriched the understanding of the diversity and threats of Chinese orchids. The adjustment of the "Plant List", the precise in situ and ex situ conservation of species, and the establishment of a wild plant monitoring and protection management system represented by orchids have provided important scientific basis.
China is one of the countries with the richest diversity of orchids in the world. There are currently 1745 species of orchids in 181 genera.
Among them, the wild orchids under national key protection account for 1/4 of the total number of wild plants under key protection in China.
Orchid plants have important economic value and unique ornamental value. They have a long history of development and cultivation in China and have formed a unique "orchid culture".
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