Bariatric surgeons attract their patients who dream of a better healthy life and a slim figure without pain or deprivation, but what are the risks of these surgeries?
Do you sing about following diets in the future or not?
Who is eligible to perform the surgery?
To become a candidate for weight-loss surgery, a person must have a body mass index (BMI) greater than 40, or a BMI greater than 35 with co-morbidities caused by obesity, such as heart disease.
The definition of "obesity" is based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) which is measured by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in metres.
A person whose body mass index exceeds 30 is classified as obese, but when this indicator exceeds 40, the person suffers from severe morbid obesity, due to the association of the condition with other diseases, such as diseases of the heart, joints, and lungs.
Bariatric surgery is very effective in controlling diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, high cholesterol, and many other diseases.
A person with a BMI over 30 is classified as obese (Getty Images)
Types of obesity surgery
There are a large number of obesity surgeries, and every day new or modifications to basic surgeries appear.
However, there are 3 main surgeries for weight loss, or 3 surgeries for obesity: gastric bypass (Roux-en-Y), adjustable gastric banding, and gastric sleeve, but - according to OSF HealthCare Just a tool to help lose weight, it is still necessary to follow a diet and exercise program.
Gastric bypass or "routing"
"Roux-en-Y" is one of the first bariatric surgeries dating back about 30 years, in which the surgeon creates a pouch or small pocket in the upper part of the stomach, which is the part responsible for receiving food, and this greatly limits food and drink .
The small intestine is then cut below the main stomach for a short distance and connected to the new pouch. Food flows directly from the pocket into this part of the intestine, yet the main part of the stomach continues to produce digestive juices.
The part of the intestine that is still connected to the main stomach is rewired down, and this allows digestive juices to flow into the small intestine because food is now bypassing part of the small intestine, and fewer nutrients and calories are absorbed, according to WebMD.
Pros:
Weight loss tends to be quick and exciting, about 50% in the first 6 months, and the loss may last up to two years after the operation.
Because of rapid weight loss, conditions affected by obesity such as diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, arthritis, sleep apnea and heartburn often improve.
Cons:
Food will not be absorbed by the body in the usual way, and will need supplements for a lifetime.
Bypass surgery is one of the first bariatric surgeries, dating back about 30 years (Pixabe)
gastric sleeve
One of the most popular obesity surgeries in the world, it involves removing 80% to 85% of the stomach, then stapling the remaining part of the stomach together, and forming the remaining part of the stomach in the form of a tubular structure.
This smaller stomach cannot accommodate much food, and sleeve gastrectomy produces less ghrelin, which regulates appetite, and may reduce the desire to eat.
However, gastric bypass does not affect the absorption of calories and nutrients in the intestine, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Pros:
This type of surgery is ideal for patients who may be at higher risk of complications, and it has no complications.
There is no external device bound in the body that causes potential complications, or infection.
Cons:
Weight gain can return with poor dietary decisions, as it is the nature of the stomach that can expand back to its original size.
gastric banding
In this procedure, the surgeon uses an inflatable band to compress the stomach into two parts: a smaller upper pouch and a larger lower pouch.
The two sections are still connected by a very small channel, and this slows the emptying of the upper pouch.
Most people can only eat half a cup or one cup of food before feeling full, according to WebMD.
Pros:
This operation is one of the easiest obesity surgeries and safer than other surgeries.
It leaves a smaller scar than others, recovery is usually faster, and you can have surgery to remove the tape.
This process gives greater flexibility in adjusting the tape in the doctor's office, to tighten the band and restrict the size of the stomach further, as the doctor injects more saline solution into the band.
Cons:
People who go through this process may be more likely to regain some weight, and one of the most common side effects is vomiting after eating a lot of food too quickly.
In bypass surgery, the body will not absorb food in the usual way and will always need nutritional supplements (Pixabay)
Do you sing about diets?
Specialists agree that bariatric surgery is only a tool or the beginning of weight loss that can be gained back if you do not maintain a healthy diet and exercise regularly.
According to UcsfHealth, after undergoing bariatric surgery, it is very important to reduce the amount of calories a person consumes, while providing balanced meals that help prevent nutrient deficiencies and maintain muscle tissue, and maintain appropriate exercise as well as Vitamins and supplements.