Myocardial infarction is the easiest thing to do wrong
The past November 20th was the eighth "Chinese Myocardial Infarction Treatment Day" in China.
"1120" represents two 120s.
One is to dial 120 in time for acute chest pain; the other is that the prime time for rescue of acute myocardial infarction is 120 minutes.
Especially when the cold wave hits, acute myocardial infarction has reached a high incidence period.
However, do you all know how to deal with a surprise attack with myocardial infarction?
Today, 120 Beijing First Aid Center will sort out some of the mistakes we are most likely to make when myocardial infarction occurs, and some are even fatal mistakes.
Uninvited myocardial infarction is mostly these six incentives
Acute myocardial infarction is a life-threatening sudden disease. It mostly occurs on the basis of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis. Due to certain factors, coronary atherosclerotic plaque ruptures, and platelets in the blood accumulate on the surface of the ruptured plaque. The formation of blood clots (thrombosis) suddenly block the coronary lumen, leading to myocardial ischemia and necrosis; in addition, acute myocardial infarction can also be induced by a sharp increase in myocardial oxygen consumption or coronary artery spasm.
Six common triggers include: overwork; nervousness, anger and other excitement; overeating; cold stimulation; constipation; smoking, heavy drinking, and drug overdose.
Some patients with acute myocardial infarction have prodromal symptoms 1 to 2 days or 1 to 2 weeks before onset.
The most common is that the original angina pectoris worsens, the onset time is prolonged, or the effect of nitroglycerin becomes worse; or the patients who have not had angina in the past have sudden prolonged angina pectoris.
However, there are also many patients who do not have any signs before the onset of the disease.
Nine typical symptoms to be alert to myocardial infarction
According to doctors at 120 Beijing Emergency Center, the typical symptoms of myocardial infarction are angina pectoris in the middle of the breastbone or to the left of the middle, with a feeling of dying or pressure, which can last for 5 to 15 minutes or more.
Others will have symptoms such as sweating and nausea.
Generally speaking, ordinary angina does not exceed 5 to 10 minutes. If chest pain lasts for 20 minutes, it is highly suspected that myocardial infarction is not relieved.
In addition, sometimes myocardial infarction will have atypical symptoms, such as stomach pain, toothache, and throat pain, which are very easy to be ignored.
When the above symptoms appear, the patient himself and his family members must be extra vigilant, it is best to send to a doctor immediately, and never tolerate it.
Typical symptoms of myocardial infarction include:
1. Sudden onset of intense and long-lasting squeezing pain in the back of the sternum or precordial area, rest and taking nitroglycerin can not be relieved, often accompanied by irritability, sweating, fear or dying feeling.
2. A few patients have no pain.
3. The pain in some patients is located in the upper abdomen and may be misdiagnosed as acute abdomen such as gastric perforation and acute pancreatitis. A few patients have pain in the neck, jaw, pharynx and teeth, which is easy to be misdiagnosed.
4. Consciousness disorder can be seen in patients with shock or "brain-heart syndrome".
5. Systemic symptoms, indescribable sense of death, general discomfort.
6. Gastrointestinal symptoms, showing nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, etc.
7. Arrhythmia, seen in 75% to 95% of patients, occurs within 1 to 2 weeks of onset, and is more common within 24 hours.
8. Heart failure, mainly acute left heart failure, easily occurs within the first few hours of onset, and can also occur a few days after the onset, manifested as dyspnea, cough, cyanosis, irritability and other symptoms.
9. Hypotension and shock can be manifested as systolic blood pressure less than 80mmHg, pale complexion, clammy skin, restlessness or indifference, increased heart rate, and decreased urine output.
These common mistakes make myocardial infarction more "fatal"
Improper treatment at the scene of acute myocardial infarction can directly endanger life!
Mistake 1: Go to the side of the road and wait for the ambulance. When a myocardial infarction is suspected, you should immediately stop any heavy physical activity, rest in place, and calm down your excitement in time to reduce myocardial oxygen consumption.
Never walk by yourself, let alone walk to the side of the road to wait for an ambulance.
Because this will increase the burden on the heart and directly lead to sudden death of the patient.
Mistake 2: Call 120 after the relatives arrive. According to the survey, 1/4 of the patients will not call the emergency number immediately, but call their family members. They will call 120 after the family members arrive, thus delaying the rescue opportunity.
Statistics also found that nearly half of patients with myocardial infarction went to the hospital on their own, thinking that this would be faster, and less than 26% of them reached the hospital by calling an ambulance.
But in fact, many patients died on their way to the hospital due to improper treatment.
Mistake 3: Excessive oxygen inhalation, random medication for myocardial infarction, should let the patient lie flat or semi-recumbent, keep quiet, and reduce stimulation.
Keep warm in winter.
If the patient has symptoms of hypoxia, such as difficulty breathing, cyanosis of the lips, etc., oxygen can be given.
However, oxygen inhalation is not routine, and excessive oxygen inhalation is harmful.
If the patient has a history of coronary heart disease and suspected acute myocardial infarction, they can take nitroglycerin, aspirin and other drugs under the guidance of professionals.
But if there is no medical history or the patient’s condition is not clear, it is best not to give the patient casually.
If constipation occurs when a heart attack occurs, you must not force a bowel movement, and you should go to the hospital to follow professional treatment, otherwise it may directly cause the condition to worsen.
Mistake 4: It is very important to save the myocardium after myocardial infarction does not follow the doctor's arrangements and to designate the hospital according to personal wishes.
The key is to cooperate with the doctor.
The first aid capabilities of hospitals vary greatly, and each region has a hospital that specializes in treating acute myocardial infarction.
Be sure to follow the arrangements of emergency doctors and send them to a hospital capable of treating acute myocardial infarction.
Rather than appoint a hospital for treatment based on your own preferences.
Mistake 5: Hesitate, delay in signing the operation. Patients who are diagnosed with myocardial infarction should immediately undergo special treatments such as thrombolysis and catheterization.
However, in real life, many patients’ family members are often not cooperative. The doctor is very anxious, but the family members have not signed the operation agreement for a long time.
In other families, all relatives should be called over to discuss together and agree on how much money each family should pay before performing the operation, or in order to relieve the decision maker from the responsibility, leading to the wasted time of precious rescue.
Therefore, for the safety of the patient, family members must trust the doctor, cooperate with the doctor, sign as soon as possible, and carry out special treatment as soon as possible.
Text/Reporter Li Jie