A comprehensive understanding of the environmental problems of air pollution in key regions of my country
This year's tackling actions to ensure that the polluted weather and PM2.5 concentration achieve both declines
As of this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has carried out air pollution supervision and assistance in autumn and winter for five consecutive years.
In five years, a total of 284,000 problems have been found in localities, and the environmental problems of air pollution in key areas have been fully understood, and the goal of pollution prevention and control in the "13th Five-Year Plan" has been fully guaranteed.
□ Our reporter Yan Jianrong
With the recent issuance and implementation of the "Autumn and Winter Air Pollution Comprehensive Control Plan for 2021-2022" (hereinafter referred to as the "Action Plan"), the autumn and winter air pollution prevention and control actions in key areas from 2021 to 2022 are in full swing.
According to the requirements of the Action Plan, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will continue to carry out atmospheric supervision and assistance in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas to ensure both heavy pollution weather and PM2.5 concentration reduction.
According to Li Tianwei, Inspector of the Eco-Environmental Enforcement Bureau of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, as of this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has carried out autumn and winter air pollution supervision and assistance for five consecutive years.
In five years, a total of 284,000 problems have been found in localities, and the environmental problems of air pollution in key areas have been fully understood, and the goal of pollution prevention and control in the "13th Five-Year Plan" has been fully guaranteed.
Li Tianwei pointed out that this autumn and winter, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will send professional supervision and assistance teams to strengthen supervision and law enforcement in key areas such as automatic monitoring and pollutant discharge permits, so as to deal with law-abiding persons without incident and carry out precise strikes against law-breakers.
284,000 problems found in 5 years
Suzhou Wanshen Noodle Products Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Wanshen Company), located in Dongshili Circular Economy Park, Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, mainly produces starch and has a 60t/h coal-fired boiler.
In accordance with the requirements of the environmental assessment, Wanshen's boiler exhaust gas needs to be treated by an integrated device of SNCR denitrification, bag dust removal, and desulfurization wet electric dust removal, and then discharged through a new chimney equipped with automatic monitoring equipment.
However, in September this year, the law enforcement officers of the key area air quality improvement supervision and assistance working group sent by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment found that some of the waste gas of Wanshen Company was not processed by the integrated desulfurization, wet and electric dust removal device, but passed through the Discarded old chimneys with automatic monitoring equipment are directly discharged.
This behavior of Wanshen Company is typical of polluting the environment by discharging air pollutants in a way that evades supervision.
Coincidentally.
At the same time, Fuxin City Liaoning Zhonghui Biological Technology Co., Ltd. secretly discharged air pollutants through emergency pipelines, Jinzhong City Shanxi Deshengda Chemical Co., Ltd. shut down pollution control facilities without authorization, and air pollutants were discharged directly, Tangshan City, Hebei Province A number of problems such as the emission of air pollutants by the Yijiao Coking and Gas Co., Ltd. have been investigated.
In order to promote the continuous improvement of air quality in key areas, in early September, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment sent 16 professional groups and 46 regular groups to carry out air quality improvement supervision and assistance work in key areas.
Including Wanshen Company, Fuxin Zhonghui Biology, Jinzhong Deshengda, Tangshan Rongyi and other enterprises' illegal problems were discovered on the spot during this supervision and assistance.
According to Li Tianwei, the atmospheric supervision and assistance organized by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment began as early as 2017, and it has lasted for 5 years this year.
"Since 2017, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has coordinated the entire system of ecological environment law enforcement teams and backbone forces, and creatively organized and implemented atmospheric supervision and assistance work in key areas." Li Tianwei said, through more than 40 key special task investigations, a total of help The localities discovered 284,000 problems, fully understood the air pollution and environmental problems in key areas, and identified the gaps and problems between the "first mile" in the formulation of policies, regulations and standards and the "last mile" in the implementation of tasks and measures, and a large number of them have been resolved. Environmental issues related to gas.
According to Li Tianwei, since entering the "14th Five-Year Plan", the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has optimized and adjusted the supervision and assistance mechanism.
This summer, this new mechanism was applied to the summer ozone pollution prevention and control supervision and assistance work, focusing on key regional cities such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, and the Fenwei Plain, and digging in key industries such as steel, coking, petrochemical, chemical, and building materials. A close investigation revealed a large number of prominent problems such as bypasses secretly discharged, excessive discharge, failure to install or abnormally operate pollution control facilities, abnormal operation of automatic monitoring, or fraudulent practices. More than 10,000 various local gas-related environmental problems have been assigned. The expected goal of the new mechanism.
According to Wu Xianfeng, deputy director of the Department of Atmospheric Environment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, since 2017, air quality in key areas has been continuously improved through the implementation of atmospheric toughening actions in autumn and winter.
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In the autumn and winter of 2020, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas, and the Fenwei Plain have respectively reduced PM2.5 concentrations by 37.5% and 35.1% compared with the same period in 2016. The number of days of heavy pollution has dropped by 70% and 65% respectively. The Yangtze River Delta has basically eliminated heavy pollution.
Heavy pollution weather still occurs from time to time
The Action Plan jointly issued by 10 ministries and commissions including the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the governments of 7 provinces (cities) including Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province shows that in the autumn and winter of 2020, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, and the Fenwei Plain The concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) showed a downward trend compared with the same period in 2016, and the people's sense of blue sky and happiness increased significantly.
The "Action Plan" also pointed out that although positive results have been achieved in the autumn and winter tackling difficulties, the results of air quality improvement are still not stable. The health of the people also directly affects the completion of the air quality improvement goals and tasks during the 14th Five-Year Plan.
Liu Bingjiang, director of the Department of Atmospheric Environment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that although my country’s atmospheric environment is showing continuous and rapid improvement, there is still a gap between the people’s expectations for the blue sky, white clouds and the twinkling of stars, and the goal of building a beautiful China.
At present, PM2.5 pollution has not been fundamentally controlled; the ozone concentration is slowly increasing, and it has become an important factor affecting air quality second only to PM2.5.
Under adverse weather conditions, heavy pollution weather processes still occur from time to time.
In addition, although the structural adjustment has made positive progress, the industrial structure dominated by heavy chemical industry, the energy structure dominated by coal, and the transportation structure dominated by roads have not been fundamentally changed. The long-term and complex atmospheric environmental problems , Arduousness still exists.
This year is the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan".
The "Action Plan" pointed out that in the first half of this year, the product output and coal consumption of the "two highs" industries rebounded significantly, and the pressure on the continuous improvement of atmospheric environmental quality has increased.
According to Wu Xianfeng, the main goals of this year’s tackling actions are to reduce heavy pollution weather and reduce PM2.5 concentrations. On the basis of inheriting the effective work in the past, we will adhere to the same direction and strength; adhere to precise pollution control and scientific governance. To prevent and control pollution according to law, further optimize and adjust the scope and measures of tackling tough problems; adhere to both the symptoms and the root causes, and promote the adjustment of industry, energy, and transportation structures, while strengthening regional joint prevention and control, and actively respond to heavy pollution weather; at the same time, scientific Reasonably set targets for the average concentration of PM2.5 in autumn and winter and the number of days of heavy pollution in relevant cities; while tackling difficult atmospheric governance, coordinate the stable operation of the society and the people's livelihood, and focus on ensuring the supply of coal, electricity and other energy sources and ensuring the warmth through the winter.
Wu Xianfeng said that in 2021, the Central Air Pollution Prevention and Control Fund has specially arranged clean heating operation subsidies, which have all been distributed to localities to ensure that the people stay warm through the winter.
Investigated and handled nearly 200,000 illegal cases
According to Li Tianwei, from 2016 to 2020, a total of 193,300 gas-related environmental violations were investigated and handled nationwide, with a total fine of 14.05 billion yuan.
In the past five years, the number of gas-related administrative penalties and the amount of fines have increased year by year. Among them, the proportion of gas-related administrative penalties in all administrative penalties has increased from 11.7% in 2016 to 2020. The amount of fines increased from 22.9% to 30.0%. In particular, the number of outstanding cases such as seizures and seizures, production restrictions, administrative detentions, and suspected crimes has increased significantly, and the ability and level of law enforcement involving atmospheric ecological environment has been significantly improved.
"Today, the autumn and winter atmospheric supervision and assistance will coordinate the two tasks." Li Tianwei said, one is to promote the autumn and winter air pollution control tasks to be effective; the other is to carry out emergency emission reductions in a timely manner based on heavy pollution weather forecasts and warnings. Check the implementation of the measures, and promote the "peak reduction and frequency reduction" of heavy polluted weather in autumn and winter.
Li Tianwei also revealed that while organizing a national eco-environmental law enforcement team at the ministerial level to directly carry out on-site investigations, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment is also deepening the application of "clairvoyance" remote monitoring of the atmospheric environment.
"Analyze areas with high concentrations of fine particles and ozone, identify straw burning fires and dust sources, and push these alarm information to the local government. Local ecological and environmental departments will organize inspections, give full play to local enthusiasm, and implement territorial supervision responsibilities." Li Tianwei Said that "Clairvoyance" uses satellite remote sensing, ground micro-stations, big data and other comprehensive methods to divide 428,000 square kilometers of 39 cities in key areas into 60,000 3km×3km grids, and select 5,000 PM2.5 from them. Hot grids with higher concentrations are monitored at the "kilometer level", and 1,000 small grids of 500m×500m are further accurately identified and monitored at the "hundred-meter level".
According to Li Tianwei, since 2018, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has sent a total of 65,000 pieces of environmental anomaly information to 39 urban eco-environmental departments in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas, and the Fenwei Plain, and guided local eco-environmental departments to investigate 75,000 enterprises and found various types of information. There were 51,000 gas-related environmental issues.
Li Tianwei pointed out that in the autumn and winter of this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will continue to stick to the same direction and efforts, anchor air quality improvement goals, especially the goal of basically eliminating heavy pollution weather, and continue to organize supervision and assistance work in key areas to promote " The air pollution prevention and control in key areas during the 14th Five-Year Plan has made a good start.