The State Council on Printing and Distributing Carbon Peak by 2030
Notice of action plan
State Development (2021) No. 23
The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, all ministries and commissions of the State Council, and all directly affiliated institutions:
The "Carbon Peaking Action Plan by 2030" is now issued to you, please implement it carefully.
State Council
October 24, 2021
(This article has been deleted)
Carbon Peak Action Plan by 2030
In order to thoroughly implement the major strategic decisions of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and solidly promote the carbon peaking action, this plan is formulated.
1. General requirements
(1) Guiding ideology.
Guided by Xi Jinping’s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, thoroughly implement Xi Jinping’s Ecological Civilization Thought, based on the new development stage, complete, Accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, adhere to the system concept, handle the relationship between development and emission reduction, overall and partial, short-term and medium-term and long-term, coordinate and stabilize growth and adjust structure, and carbon peak and carbon neutral Incorporate into the overall economic and social development, adhere to the general policy of "national coordination, saving priority, two-wheel drive, smooth internal and external, and risk prevention", effectively and orderly and effectively do the carbon peak work, and clarify the goals and tasks of each region, field, and industry , Accelerate the realization of green changes in production and lifestyles, promote economic and social development based on efficient use of resources and green and low-carbon development, and ensure that the carbon peak goal by 2030 is achieved on schedule.
(2) Working principles.
——Overall deployment and classified policies.
Persist in a national game of chess, strengthen top-level design and coordination of all parties.
Each region, field, and industry will implement policies in accordance with local conditions and categorize policies to clarify the goals and tasks that meet their own reality and meet the overall requirements.
——System advancement and key breakthroughs.
Comprehensively and accurately understand the far-reaching impact of the carbon peaking action on economic and social development, and strengthen the system and coordination of policies.
Grasp the main contradictions and the main aspects of the contradictions, and promote key areas, key industries and places where conditions permit to take the lead in reaching their peaks.
——Two-wheel drive, two-handed force.
Give better play to the role of the government, build a new nationwide system, give full play to the role of market mechanisms, vigorously promote green and low-carbon technological innovation, deepen reforms in energy and related fields, and form an effective incentive and restraint mechanism.
-Steady, orderly and safe carbon reduction.
Based on China’s energy resource endowment, which is rich in coal, poor in oil, and less gas, insists on first standing and then breaking, stabilizing the stock, expanding the increase, and ensuring the national energy security and economic development as the bottom line, striving for time to realize the gradual replacement of new energy and promoting low energy A smooth transition of the carbon transition will ensure the country’s energy security, industrial chain and supply chain security, food security, and the normal production and life of the people, focus on resolving various hidden risks, prevent over-reaction, and promote the carbon peaking action in a steady, orderly and gradual manner to ensure safe degradation. carbon.
2. Main goals
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, significant progress has been made in the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure and energy structure, the energy utilization efficiency of key industries has been greatly improved, the growth of coal consumption has been strictly controlled, the construction of new power systems has been accelerated, and the development, promotion and application of green and low-carbon technologies have made new progress. , Green production and lifestyle have been widely promoted, and the policy system conducive to the development of green and low-carbon recycling has been further improved.
By 2025, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will reach about 20%, energy consumption per unit of GDP will be reduced by 13.5% from 2020, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be reduced by 18% from 2020, laying a solid foundation for achieving carbon peaks .
During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, significant progress has been made in industrial restructuring, a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system has been initially established, a low-carbon development model in key areas has basically taken shape, the energy utilization efficiency of key energy-consuming industries has reached the international advanced level, and non-fossil energy consumption The proportion has further increased, coal consumption has gradually decreased, key breakthroughs have been made in green and low-carbon technologies, a green lifestyle has become a conscious choice of the public, and the green and low-carbon circular development policy system is basically sound.
By 2030, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will reach about 25%, and the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be reduced by more than 65% compared with 2005, and the goal of peaking carbon before 2030 will be successfully achieved.
3. Key tasks
Carbon peaking runs through the whole process and all aspects of economic and social development, focusing on the implementation of energy green and low-carbon transformation actions, energy saving and carbon reduction and efficiency enhancement actions, industrial carbon peaking actions, urban and rural construction carbon peaking actions, and green and low-carbon transportation Actions, circular economy help carbon reduction action, green and low-carbon technological innovation action, carbon sink capacity consolidation and improvement action, green and low-carbon national action, and orderly carbon peaking actions in various regions, such as the "Top Ten Carbon Peaking Actions".
(1) Energy green and low-carbon transition actions.
Energy is an important material basis for economic and social development and the most important source of carbon emissions.
We must adhere to safe carbon reduction, vigorously implement renewable energy substitution under the premise of ensuring energy security, and accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system.
1. Promote the substitution, transformation and upgrading of coal consumption.
Speed up the pace of coal reduction, strictly and rationally control the growth of coal consumption during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, and gradually reduce it during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
Strictly control new coal-fired power projects, the coal consumption standards of newly-built units have reached the international advanced level, orderly eliminate outdated coal power production capacity, speed up energy-saving upgrades and flexible transformations of active units, actively promote heating reforms, and promote coal-fired power to the basic security and system Regulative power supply is equally important for transformation.
Strictly control the scale of cross-regional renewable energy power supporting coal power, and the proportion of renewable energy power in newly built channels shall not be less than 50% in principle.
Promote the reduction of coal in key coal-using industries.
We will vigorously promote the clean utilization of coal, reasonably delimit areas where scattered burning is prohibited, take multiple measures simultaneously, actively and orderly promote the replacement of scattered coal, and gradually reduce until the scattered burning of coal is prohibited.
2. Vigorously develop new energy.
Comprehensively promote the large-scale development and high-quality development of wind power and solar power, adhere to the simultaneous development of centralized and distributed, and accelerate the construction of wind power and photovoltaic power generation bases.
Accelerate the innovation and upgrading of the smart photovoltaic industry and special applications, innovate the "photovoltaic +" model, and promote the diversified layout of photovoltaic power generation.
Adhere to both land and sea, promote the coordinated and rapid development of wind power, improve the offshore wind power industry chain, and encourage the construction of offshore wind power bases.
Actively develop solar thermal power generation and promote the establishment of a wind-solar and thermal comprehensive renewable energy power generation base with complementary adjustments of solar thermal power generation, photovoltaic power generation, and wind power.
Develop biomass power generation, biomass clean heating and bio-natural gas in accordance with local conditions.
Explore and deepen the development and utilization of new marine energy such as geothermal energy, wave energy, tidal energy, and temperature difference energy.
Further improve the guarantee mechanism for the consumption of renewable energy power.
By 2030, the total installed capacity of wind power and solar power will reach over 1.2 billion kilowatts.
3. Develop hydropower according to local conditions.
Actively promote the construction of hydropower bases, promote the start of construction of hydropower projects in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River, the upper reaches of the Lancang River, the middle reaches of the Yalong River, and the upper reaches of the Yellow River that have been included in the plan and meet the requirements of ecological protection.
Promote the synergy and complementarity of hydropower, wind power, and solar power generation in the Southwest.
Coordinate hydropower development and ecological protection, and explore the establishment of a compensation mechanism for hydropower resource development and ecological protection.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" and "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the newly added hydropower installed capacity was about 40 million kilowatts, and a renewable energy system based on hydropower was basically established in the southwest.
4. Actively develop nuclear power in a safe and orderly manner.
Reasonably determine the layout and development timing of nuclear power plants, develop nuclear power in an orderly manner under the premise of ensuring safety, and maintain a steady pace of construction.
Actively promote advanced reactor-type demonstration projects such as high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, fast reactors, modular small-scale reactors, and offshore floating reactors, and carry out demonstrations on the comprehensive utilization of nuclear energy.
Increase nuclear power standardization and autonomy, speed up research on key technologies and equipment, and cultivate high-end nuclear power equipment manufacturing industry clusters.
Implement the most stringent safety standards and strictest supervision, and continue to improve nuclear safety supervision capabilities.
5. Reasonably regulate oil and gas consumption.
Keep oil consumption in a reasonable range, gradually adjust the scale of gasoline consumption, vigorously promote the replacement of traditional fuels such as advanced bio-liquid fuels and sustainable aviation fuels, and improve the energy efficiency of terminal fuel products.
Accelerate the large-scale development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas, coalbed methane, and tight oil (gas).
Guide natural gas consumption in an orderly manner, optimize the utilization structure, give priority to the protection of residential gas, vigorously promote the integrated development of natural gas and multiple energy sources, build natural gas peak-shaving power stations based on local conditions, and rationally guide the use of industrial gas and chemical raw materials.
Support vehicles and ships to use liquefied natural gas as fuel.
6. Speed up the construction of a new power system.
Build a new type of power system with a gradual increase in the proportion of new energy sources, and promote the large-scale optimization of clean power resources.
Vigorously improve the comprehensive regulation capability of the power system, accelerate the construction of flexible regulation power, guide self-supplied power plants, traditional high-energy industrial loads, industrial and commercial interruptible loads, electric vehicle charging networks, virtual power plants, etc. to participate in system regulation, build a strong smart grid, and improve the grid Security level.
Actively develop "new energy + energy storage", source-network-load-storage integration and multi-energy complementarity, and support the rational allocation of energy storage systems for distributed new energy sources.
Formulate a new round of medium- and long-term development plans for pumped storage power plants, and improve the policy mechanism for promoting the development of pumped storage power plants.
Speed up the demonstration and application of new energy storage.
Deepen the reform of the power system and accelerate the construction of a unified national power market system.
By 2025, the installed capacity of new energy storage will reach more than 30 million kilowatts.
By 2030, the installed capacity of pumped storage power plants will reach about 120 million kilowatts, and the provincial power grid will basically have a peak load response capability of more than 5%.
(2) Energy-saving, carbon-reduction and efficiency-increasing actions.
Implement the priority policy of conservation, improve the dual control system of energy consumption intensity and total volume, strictly control energy consumption intensity, rationally control total energy consumption, promote the energy consumption revolution, and build an energy-saving society.
1. Comprehensively improve energy-saving management capabilities.
Promote energy budget management, strengthen energy-saving review of fixed asset investment projects, conduct a comprehensive evaluation of project energy use and carbon emissions, and promote energy-saving and carbon-reduction from the source.
Improve the informatization level of energy-saving management, improve the online monitoring system for energy consumption of key energy-consuming units, establish a national and industry-based energy-saving technology promotion service platform, and encourage high-energy-consuming enterprises to establish energy management centers.
Improve the energy measurement system and encourage the use of certification methods to improve the level of energy-saving management.
Strengthen the construction of energy-saving supervision capacity, improve the provincial, municipal, and county-level energy-saving supervision system, establish a cross-departmental linkage mechanism, and comprehensively use administrative penalties, credit supervision, green electricity prices and other means to strengthen the binding force of energy-saving supervision.
2. Implement key projects for energy conservation and carbon reduction.
Implement urban energy-saving and carbon-reduction projects, carry out energy-saving upgrading and transformation of infrastructure, such as buildings, transportation, lighting, and heating, promote the demonstration and application of advanced green building technologies, and promote the improvement of urban comprehensive energy efficiency.
Implement park energy-saving and carbon-reduction projects, focusing on parks with high concentration of high-energy-consumption and high-emission projects (hereinafter referred to as "two highs" projects), promote energy system optimization and cascade utilization, and create a group of energy-saving and low-carbon energy-saving and low-carbon projects that reach the international advanced level Park.
Implement energy-saving and carbon-reduction projects in key industries, and promote energy-saving and carbon-reduction transformations in the power, steel, non-ferrous metals, building materials, petrochemical and chemical industries, and improve the efficiency of energy resource utilization.
Implement major energy-saving and carbon-reduction technology demonstration projects, and support the industrialization demonstration and application of key green and low-carbon technologies that have achieved breakthroughs.
3. Promote energy conservation and efficiency enhancement of key energy-using equipment.
Focus on equipment such as motors, fans, pumps, compressors, transformers, heat exchangers, and industrial boilers to comprehensively improve energy efficiency standards.
Establish an energy efficiency-oriented incentive and restraint mechanism, promote advanced and efficient products and equipment, and accelerate the elimination of backward and inefficient equipment.
Strengthen the energy-saving review and daily supervision of key energy-using equipment, strengthen the management of the entire chain of production, operation, sales, use, and scrap, severely crack down on violations of laws and regulations, and ensure that energy efficiency standards and energy-saving requirements are fully implemented.
4. Strengthen the energy saving and carbon reduction of new infrastructure.
Optimize the spatial layout of new infrastructures, make overall plans, and scientifically configure data centers and other new infrastructures to avoid low-level redundant construction.
Optimize the energy consumption structure of new infrastructure, adopt DC power supply, distributed energy storage, "photovoltaic + energy storage" and other modes, explore diversified energy supply, and increase the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption.
Comparing to the international advanced level, we will accelerate the improvement of the energy efficiency standards for equipment such as communications, computing, storage, and transmission, raise the barriers to entry, and eliminate outdated equipment and technologies.
Strengthen the management of energy consumption for new infrastructure, include all data centers with annual comprehensive energy consumption exceeding 10,000 tons of standard coal into the online monitoring system for energy consumption of key energy consumption units, and carry out energy measurement reviews.
Promote the green upgrading and transformation of existing facilities, and actively promote the use of technologies such as high-efficiency refrigeration, advanced ventilation, waste heat utilization, and intelligent energy control to improve the energy efficiency of facilities.
(3) The carbon peaking action in the industrial sector.
Industry is one of the main areas that generate carbon emissions and has an important impact on the country's overall achievement of carbon peaks.
The industrial sector should accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation and high-quality development, and strive to be the first to achieve carbon peaks.
1. Promote green and low-carbon development in the industrial sector.
Optimize the industrial structure, accelerate the withdrawal of backward production capacity, vigorously develop strategic emerging industries, and accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of traditional industries.
Promote low-carbon industrial energy consumption, promote clean and efficient use of fossil energy, increase the proportion of renewable energy applications, strengthen power demand-side management, and improve the level of industrial electrification.
Deeply implement green manufacturing projects, vigorously promote green design, improve the green manufacturing system, and build green factories and green industrial parks.
Promote the integrated development of digital, intelligent, and green in the industrial field, and strengthen technological transformation in key industries and fields.
2. Promote the carbon peak of the steel industry.
Deepen the supply-side structural reform of the steel industry, strictly implement capacity replacement, strictly prohibit new capacity, promote inventory optimization, and eliminate outdated capacity.
Promote cross-regional and cross-ownership mergers and reorganizations of iron and steel enterprises to increase industry concentration.
Optimize the layout of productivity, focus on Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, and continue to reduce steel production capacity.
Promote structural optimization and clean energy replacement of the steel industry, vigorously promote the demonstration of non-blast furnace ironmaking technology, improve the level of recycling and utilization of scrap steel resources, and promote the all-scrap electric furnace process.
Promote advanced and applicable technologies, tap the potential for energy saving and carbon reduction, encourage co-production of steel and steel, explore and carry out pilot demonstrations such as hydrogen metallurgy and integration of carbon dioxide capture and utilization, and promote the development of low-grade waste heat heating.
3. Promote carbon peaks in the non-ferrous metal industry.
Consolidate the achievements in resolving excess capacity of electrolytic aluminum, strictly implement capacity replacement, and strictly control new capacity.
Promote the replacement of clean energy and increase the proportion of hydropower, wind power, and solar power applications.
Speed up the development of the recycled non-ferrous metal industry, improve the recycling, sorting and processing network of waste non-ferrous metal resources, and increase the output of recycled non-ferrous metals.
Accelerate the promotion and application of advanced and applicable green and low-carbon technologies, improve the level of waste heat recovery during the production of non-ferrous metals, and promote continuous decline in energy consumption per unit of product.
4. Promote the carbon peak in the building materials industry.
Strengthen the supervision of production capacity replacement, accelerate the exit of inefficient production capacity, prohibit additional cement clinker and flat glass production capacity, and guide the building materials industry to lighten, intensive, and productize.
Promote the normalization of cement staggered production and reasonably shorten the operation time of cement clinker equipment.
Utilize renewable energy such as wind and solar energy in accordance with local conditions to gradually increase the proportion of electricity and natural gas applications.
Encourage building materials companies to use fly ash, industrial waste slag, tailings slag, etc. as raw materials or cement mixtures.
Accelerate the promotion of certification and application promotion of green building materials, and strengthen the research and development and application of new cementitious materials, low-carbon concrete, wood and bamboo building materials and other low-carbon building materials.
Promote energy-saving technology and equipment, carry out the construction of an energy management system, and achieve energy-saving and efficiency-increasing.
5. Promote the peak of carbon in the petrochemical and chemical industry.
Optimize the scale and layout of production capacity, increase the elimination of backward production capacity, and effectively resolve the contradiction of structural surplus.
Strict access to projects, rationally arrange construction schedules, strictly control new oil refining and traditional coal chemical production capacity, and develop modern coal chemical industries in a steady and orderly manner.
Guide enterprises to change their energy use methods and encourage the substitution of electricity and natural gas for coal.
Adjust the raw material structure, control the use of coal for new raw materials, expand the source of imports of hydrogen-rich raw materials, and promote the lightening of petrochemical and chemical raw materials.
Optimize the product structure, promote the coordinated development of petrochemical and coal mining, metallurgy, building materials, chemical fiber and other industries, and strengthen the efficient use of by-product gases such as dry gas and liquefied gas in refineries.
Encourage enterprises to energy-saving upgrading and transformation, and promote energy cascade utilization and material recycling.
By 2025, the domestic crude oil processing capacity will be controlled within 1 billion tons, and the capacity utilization rate of major products will increase to more than 80%.
6. Resolutely curb the blind development of the "two highs" project.
Take strong measures to implement inventory management, classified disposal, and dynamic monitoring of the "two highs" projects.
Comprehensively investigate the projects under construction, and if the energy efficiency level is lower than the entry value of the energy consumption limit of the industry, stop work for rectification in accordance with the relevant regulations, and promote the energy efficiency level should be raised as much as possible, and strive to fully reach the domestic and international advanced level.
Scientifically evaluate the proposed projects, and reduce production capacity in accordance with the principle of "reduction and substitution" for industries with saturated production capacity; for industries that have not yet saturated production capacity, in accordance with the requirements of national layout and approval filing, raise the entry barrier to the international advanced level; For emerging industries with large energy consumption, support and guide enterprises to apply green and low-carbon technologies to improve energy efficiency.
Deepen the potential of existing projects, accelerate the elimination of outdated production capacity, and tap the potential for energy conservation and emission reduction through transformation and upgrading.
Strengthen normalized supervision and resolutely win the “two highs” projects that do not meet the requirements.
(4) Carbon peaking in urban and rural construction.
Accelerate the promotion of green and low-carbon development in urban and rural construction, and both urban renewal and rural revitalization must implement green and low-carbon requirements.
1. Promote the green and low-carbon transformation of urban and rural construction.
Promote the development of urban clusters, scientifically determine the scale of construction, and control the excessive growth of new construction land.
Advocate the concept of green and low-carbon planning and design, enhance urban and rural climate resilience, and build sponge cities.
Promote green low-carbon building materials and green construction methods, accelerate the industrialization of new types of buildings, vigorously develop prefabricated buildings, promote steel structure housing, promote recycling of building materials, and strengthen green design and green construction management.
Strengthen the development of green and low-carbon county towns.
Promote the establishment of a green and low-carbon-oriented urban and rural planning and construction management mechanism, formulate building demolition management measures, and put an end to major demolition and construction.
Build green towns and communities.
2. Accelerate the improvement of building energy efficiency.
Accelerate the update of standards for building energy efficiency and municipal infrastructure, and raise energy-saving and carbon-reduction requirements.
Strengthen the research and development and promotion of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies suitable for different climate zones and different building types, and promote the large-scale development of ultra-low-energy buildings and low-carbon buildings.
Accelerate the energy-saving transformation of residential and public buildings, and continue to promote the energy-saving and carbon-reduction transformation of municipal infrastructure such as old heating pipe networks.
Improve the intelligent level of operation and management of urban buildings and infrastructure, accelerate the promotion of heating metering and charging and contract energy management, and gradually implement energy consumption quota management for public buildings.
By 2025, green building standards will be fully implemented for new buildings in cities and towns.
3. Speed up the optimization of building energy structure.
Deepen the application of renewable energy in buildings and promote the integrated application of photovoltaic power generation and buildings.
Actively promote clean heating in severe cold and cold areas, promote central heating by combined heat and power, accelerate the large-scale application of industrial waste heat heating, actively and steadily carry out nuclear heating demonstrations, and implement clean and low-carbon heating such as heat pumps, biomass energy, geothermal energy, and solar energy according to local conditions.
Guide scientific heating in hot summer and cold winter areas, and adopt clean and efficient heating methods according to local conditions.
Improve the electrification level of the building terminal, and build a "optical storage, direct and flexible" building integrating photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, DC power distribution, and flexible power use.
By 2025, the replacement rate of renewable energy in urban buildings will reach 8%, and the roof photovoltaic coverage rate of new public institutions and new factory buildings will reach 50%.
4. Promote low-carbon transformation of rural construction and energy use.
Promote the construction of green farm houses and speed up the energy-saving renovation of farm houses.
Continue to promote clean heating in rural areas, and choose appropriate heating methods in accordance with local conditions.
Develop energy-saving and low-carbon agricultural greenhouses.
Promote energy-saving and environmentally-friendly cooking appliances, electric agricultural vehicles, energy-saving and environmentally-friendly agricultural machinery and fishing boats.
Speed up the application of renewable energy such as biomass energy and solar energy in agricultural production and rural life.
Strengthen the construction of rural power grids and improve the electrification level of rural energy consumption.
(5) Green and low-carbon transportation actions.
Accelerate the formation of green and low-carbon transportation methods to ensure that the growth of carbon emissions in the transportation sector remains within a reasonable range.
1. Promote the low-carbon transformation of transportation equipment.
Actively expand the application of new energy and clean energy such as electric power, hydrogen energy, natural gas, and advanced bio-liquid fuels in the transportation field.
Vigorously promote new energy vehicles, gradually reduce the proportion of traditional fuel vehicles in the production and sales of new vehicles and vehicle ownership, promote the electrification of urban public service vehicles, and promote heavy-duty freight vehicles powered by electricity, hydrogen fuel and LNG.
Improve the electrification level of the railway system.
Speed up the renewal and transformation of old ships, develop electric and liquefied natural gas-powered ships, further promote the use of shore power by ships in ports, and launch demonstration applications of coastal and inland green smart ships based on local conditions.
Improve the electrification and intelligence level of airport operations and develop new energy aircraft.
By 2030, the proportion of new energy and clean energy-powered vehicles will reach about 40% that year, and the carbon emission intensity of operating vehicles will be reduced by about 9.5% compared to 2020. The national railway unit's comprehensive energy consumption ratio Decrease by 10% in 2020.
Oil consumption by land transportation strives to reach its peak by 2030.
2. Build a green and efficient transportation system.
Develop intelligent transportation, promote the rational division of labor and effective connection of different modes of transportation, and reduce the empty-load rate and unreasonable passenger and freight turnover.
Vigorously develop multimodal transportation with railways and waterways as the backbone, promote the construction of special railway lines for industrial and mining enterprises, ports, and logistics parks, accelerate the construction of high-grade inland waterway networks, and accelerate the transportation of bulk cargo and medium and long distance cargoes Water revolution".
Accelerate the application of advanced and applicable technologies, improve the efficiency of civil aviation operations and management, guide aviation companies to strengthen smart operations, and achieve systematic energy conservation and carbon reduction.
Speed up the construction of urban and rural logistics and distribution systems, and innovate green, low-carbon, intensive and efficient distribution models.
Create an efficient, connected, fast and comfortable public transportation service system, and actively guide the public to choose green and low-carbon transportation methods.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the combined transportation volume of containerized iron and water increased by more than 15% annually.
By 2030, the proportion of green travel in cities with a permanent population of more than 1 million in urban areas will not be less than 70%.
3. Speed up the construction of green transportation infrastructure.
The concept of green and low-carbon runs through the entire process of transportation infrastructure planning, construction, operation and maintenance to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions throughout the life cycle.
Carry out the green upgrade and transformation of transportation infrastructure, coordinate the utilization of resources such as the location of comprehensive transportation channels, land, and airspace, increase the integration of resources such as shorelines and anchorages, and improve utilization efficiency.
Promote the construction of infrastructure such as charging piles, supporting power grids, refueling (gas) stations, and hydrogen refueling stations in an orderly manner to improve the level of urban public transportation infrastructure.
By 2030, the vehicles and equipment in the civil transportation airport shall strive to achieve full electrification.
(6) Circular economy facilitates carbon reduction actions.
Grasp the source of resource utilization, vigorously develop circular economy, comprehensively improve resource utilization efficiency, and give full play to the synergistic effect of reducing resource consumption and carbon reduction.
1. Promote the circular development of industrial parks.
Aiming to improve the resource output rate and recycling utilization rate as the goal, optimize the space layout of the park and carry out the recycling transformation of the park.
Promote the circular production and industrial circular combination of enterprises in the park, organize enterprises to implement cleaner production transformation, promote comprehensive utilization of waste, energy cascade utilization, and water recycling utilization, promote industrial waste heat, waste gas, waste liquid and waste residue resource utilization, and actively promote centralized Air supply and heat supply.
Build a sharing platform for infrastructure and public services, and strengthen the management of material flow in the park.
By 2030, all key industrial parks at or above the provincial level will be cyclically transformed.
2. Strengthen the comprehensive utilization of bulk solid waste.
Improve the comprehensive development and utilization level and utilization of mineral resources, focusing on bulk solid waste such as coal gangue, fly ash, tailings, co-associated mines, smelting slag, industrial by-product gypsum, construction waste, crop straws, etc., and support large-scale mixing High-volume, large-scale, and high-value utilization are encouraged to be used to replace primary non-metallic minerals, sand and gravel and other resources.
Under the premise of ensuring safety and environmental protection, explore the application of phosphogypsum to soil improvement, underground filling, and roadbed construction.
Promote the resource utilization of construction waste and promote the in-situ recycling of waste pavement materials.
Accelerate the high-value utilization of straw, improve the collection, storage and transportation system, and strictly prohibit burning control.
Speed up the demonstration construction of the comprehensive utilization of bulk solid waste.
By 2025, the annual utilization of bulk solid waste will reach about 4 billion tons; by 2030, the annual utilization will reach about 4.5 billion tons.
3. Improve the resource recycling system.
Improve the recycling network of waste materials, implement the "Internet +" recycling model, and achieve full collection of renewable resources.
Strengthen the standardized management of the comprehensive utilization of renewable resources and promote the development of industrial clusters.
Build a modern "urban mineral" base at a high level, and promote the standardized, large-scale and clean utilization of renewable resources.
Promote the recycling of waste from emerging industries such as decommissioned power batteries, photovoltaic modules, and wind turbine blades.
Promote the high-quality development of remanufacturing industries such as auto parts, construction machinery, and cultural and office equipment.
Strengthen the promotion and application of renewable resources and remanufactured products.
By 2025, the recycling of 9 major renewable resources including scrap iron and steel, scrap copper, scrap aluminum, scrap lead, scrap zinc, waste paper, waste plastics, waste rubber, and waste glass will reach 450 million tons, and reach 510 million by 2030 Ton.
4. Vigorously promote the reduction of domestic waste into resources.
Solidly promote the classification of domestic waste, accelerate the establishment of a domestic waste collection, transportation and disposal system that covers the whole society, and fully realize classified release, classified collection, classified transportation, and classified treatment.
Strengthen the entire chain of plastic pollution control, rectify excessive packaging, and promote the reduction of domestic waste at the source.
Promote the incineration of domestic waste, reduce the proportion of landfills, and explore resource utilization technologies suitable for the characteristics of China's kitchen waste.
Promote the utilization of sewage as a resource.
By 2025, the municipal solid waste classification system will be basically sound, and the resource utilization ratio of solid waste will increase to about 60%.
By 2030, complete coverage of the classification of urban domestic waste will be achieved, and the proportion of domestic waste resource utilization will increase to 65%.
(7) Green and low-carbon technological innovation actions.
Give play to the supporting and leading role of technological innovation, improve the technological innovation system and mechanism, strengthen innovation capabilities, and accelerate the green and low-carbon technological revolution.
1. Improve the innovation system and mechanism.
Develop scientific and technological support for carbon peak carbon neutrality action plans, set up key special projects such as research and demonstration of key carbon neutral technologies in the national key research and development plan, adopt the mechanism of “revealing the list”, and develop the key core of low-carbon, zero-carbon and negative carbon Technical research.
Incorporate the achievements of green and low-carbon technological innovation into relevant performance assessments of colleges and universities, scientific research units, and state-owned enterprises.
Strengthen the status of enterprises as the mainstay of innovation, support enterprises to undertake major national green and low-carbon scientific and technological projects, and encourage the open sharing of facilities, data and other resources.
Promote the construction of a national green technology trading center and accelerate the transformation of innovation results.
Strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights of green and low-carbon technologies and products.
Improve green and low-carbon technology and product testing, evaluation, and certification systems.
2. Strengthen the construction of innovation ability and talent training.
Establish carbon and carbon neutral related national laboratories, national key laboratories, and national technological innovation centers, appropriately advance the layout of major national scientific and technological infrastructures, and guide enterprises, colleges and universities, and research institutes to jointly build a batch of national green and low-carbon industry innovation centers .
Innovate talent training models, encourage colleges and universities to accelerate the development of disciplines and talents in new energy, energy storage, hydrogen energy, carbon emission reduction, carbon sinks, carbon emission rights trading, and build a batch of green and low-carbon future technology colleges and modern industry colleges And a demonstrative energy institute.
Deepen the integration of industry and education, encourage schools and enterprises to jointly carry out industry-university cooperation collaborative education projects, form a carbon peak carbon neutral industry-education integration development alliance, and build a batch of national energy storage technology industry-education integration innovation platforms.
3. Strengthen applied basic research.
Implement a batch of forward-looking and strategic national major cutting-edge science and technology projects, and promote breakthroughs in the research and development of low-carbon, zero-carbon and carbon-negative technology and equipment.
Focus on the green and intelligent development of fossil energy and clean and low-carbon utilization, large-scale utilization of renewable energy, new power systems, energy saving, hydrogen energy, energy storage, power batteries, carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage, etc., and deepen basic research on applications.
Actively research and develop advanced nuclear power technology, and strengthen research on cutting-edge disruptive technologies such as controllable nuclear fusion.
4. Accelerate the research and development, promotion and application of advanced and applicable technologies.
Concentrate on technical innovations such as safe and stable operation and control of complex large-scale power grids, large-capacity wind power, high-efficiency photovoltaics, high-power LNG engines, large-capacity energy storage, low-cost renewable energy hydrogen production, and low-cost carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage. Speed up the research and development of basic materials such as carbon fiber, aerogel, and special steel, and complement the shortcomings of key parts, components, and software.
Promote advanced and mature green and low-carbon technologies and carry out demonstration applications.
Build a full-process, integrated, and large-scale carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage demonstration project.
Promote the demonstration application of molten salt energy storage for heating and power generation.
Speed up the research and development and demonstration application of hydrogen energy technology, and explore large-scale applications in industry, transportation, construction and other fields.
(8) Consolidation and enhancement of carbon sink capacity.
Adhere to the system concept, promote the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grasses and sand, improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem, and increase the increase in ecosystem carbon sinks.
1. Consolidate the carbon sequestration effect of the ecosystem.
Combining with the preparation and implementation of territorial and spatial planning, a pattern of territorial and spatial development and protection conducive to carbon peaking and carbon neutrality will be constructed.
Strictly observe the red line of ecological protection, strictly control the occupation of ecological space, establish a natural protection system with national parks as the main body, and stabilize the existing forests, grasslands, wetlands, oceans, soils, frozen soils, karsts and other carbon sequestration effects.
Strictly implement land use standards, strengthen the evaluation of economical and intensive land use, and promote land-saving technologies and land-saving models.
2. Improve the carbon sink capacity of the ecosystem.
Implement major ecological protection and restoration projects.
Deepen the large-scale greening of the country, consolidate the results of returning farmland to forest and grassland, and expand the total amount of forest and grass resources.
Strengthen the protection of forest resources, implement the project of precision improvement of forest quality, and improve the quality and stability of forests.
Strengthen grassland ecological protection and restoration, and increase grassland comprehensive vegetation coverage.
Strengthen the protection and restoration of rivers, lakes and wetlands.
Promote the protection and restoration of marine ecosystems as a whole, and improve the carbon sequestration capacity of mangroves, seagrass beds, and salt marshes.
Strengthen the restoration and management of degraded land, carry out comprehensive management of desertification, rocky desertification, and soil erosion, and implement ecological restoration projects in historical mines.
By 2030, the national forest coverage rate will reach about 25%, and the forest stock will reach 19 billion cubic meters.
3.加强生态系统碳汇基础支撑。依托和拓展自然资源调查监测体系，利用好国家林草生态综合监测评价成果，建立生态系统碳汇监测核算体系，开展森林、草原、湿地、海洋、土壤、冻土、岩溶等碳汇本底调查、碳储量评估、潜力分析，实施生态保护修复碳汇成效监测评估。加强陆地和海洋生态系统碳汇基础理论、基础方法、前沿颠覆性技术研究。建立健全能够体现碳汇价值的生态保护补偿机制，研究制定碳汇项目参与全国碳排放权交易相关规则。
4.推进农业农村减排固碳。大力发展绿色低碳循环农业，推进农光互补、“光伏+设施农业”、“海上风电+海洋牧场”等低碳农业模式。研发应用增汇型农业技术。开展耕地质量提升行动，实施国家黑土地保护工程，提升土壤有机碳储量。合理控制化肥、农药、地膜使用量，实施化肥农药减量替代计划，加强农作物秸秆综合利用和畜禽粪污资源化利用。
(九)绿色低碳全民行动。
增强全民节约意识、环保意识、生态意识，倡导简约适度、绿色低碳、文明健康的生活方式，把绿色理念转化为全体人民的自觉行动。
1.加强生态文明宣传教育。将生态文明教育纳入国民教育体系，开展多种形式的资源环境国情教育，普及碳达峰、碳中和基础知识。加强对公众的生态文明科普教育，将绿色低碳理念有机融入文艺作品，制作文创产品和公益广告，持续开展世界地球日、世界环境日、全国节能宣传周、全国低碳日等主题宣传活动，增强社会公众绿色低碳意识，推动生态文明理念更加深入人心。
2.推广绿色低碳生活方式。坚决遏制奢侈浪费和不合理消费，着力破除奢靡铺张的歪风陋习，坚决制止餐饮浪费行为。在全社会倡导节约用能，开展绿色低碳社会行动示范创建，深入推进绿色生活创建行动，评选宣传一批优秀示范典型，营造绿色低碳生活新风尚。大力发展绿色消费，推广绿色低碳产品，完善绿色产品认证与标识制度。提升绿色产品在政府采购中的比例。
3.引导企业履行社会责任。引导企业主动适应绿色低碳发展要求，强化环境责任意识，加强能源资源节约，提升绿色创新水平。重点领域国有企业特别是中央企业要制定实施企业碳达峰行动方案，发挥示范引领作用。重点用能单位要梳理核算自身碳排放情况，深入研究碳减排路径，“一企一策”制定专项工作方案，推进节能降碳。相关上市公司和发债企业要按照环境信息依法披露要求，定期公布企业碳排放信息。充分发挥行业协会等社会团体作用，督促企业自觉履行社会责任。
4.强化领导干部培训。将学习贯彻习近平生态文明思想作为干部教育培训的重要内容，各级党校(行政学院)要把碳达峰、碳中和相关内容列入教学计划，分阶段、多层次对各级领导干部开展培训，普及科学知识，宣讲政策要点，强化法治意识，深化各级领导干部对碳达峰、碳中和工作重要性、紧迫性、科学性、系统性的认识。从事绿色低碳发展相关工作的领导干部要尽快提升专业素养和业务能力，切实增强推动绿色低碳发展的本领。
(十)各地区梯次有序碳达峰行动。
各地区要准确把握自身发展定位，结合本地区经济社会发展实际和资源环境禀赋，坚持分类施策、因地制宜、上下联动，梯次有序推进碳达峰。
1.科学合理确定有序达峰目标。碳排放已经基本稳定的地区要巩固减排成果，在率先实现碳达峰的基础上进一步降低碳排放。产业结构较轻、能源结构较优的地区要坚持绿色低碳发展，坚决不走依靠“两高”项目拉动经济增长的老路，力争率先实现碳达峰。产业结构偏重、能源结构偏煤的地区和资源型地区要把节能降碳摆在突出位置，大力优化调整产业结构和能源结构，逐步实现碳排放增长与经济增长脱钩，力争与全国同步实现碳达峰。
2.因地制宜推进绿色低碳发展。各地区要结合区域重大战略、区域协调发展战略和主体功能区战略，从实际出发推进本地区绿色低碳发展。京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区等区域要发挥高质量发展动力源和增长极作用，率先推动经济社会发展全面绿色转型。长江经济带、黄河流域和国家生态文明试验区要严格落实生态优先、绿色发展战略导向，在绿色低碳发展方面走在全国前列。中西部和东北地区要着力优化能源结构，按照产业政策和能耗双控要求，有序推动高耗能行业向清洁能源优势地区集中，积极培育绿色发展动能。
3.上下联动制定地方达峰方案。各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府要按照国家总体部署，结合本地区资源环境禀赋、产业布局、发展阶段等，坚持全国一盘棋，不抢跑，科学制定本地区碳达峰行动方案，提出符合实际、切实可行的碳达峰时间表、路线图、施工图，避免“一刀切”限电限产或运动式“减碳”。各地区碳达峰行动方案经碳达峰碳中和工作领导小组综合平衡、审核通过后，由地方自行印发实施。
4.组织开展碳达峰试点建设。加大中央对地方推进碳达峰的支持力度，选择100个具有典型代表性的城市和园区开展碳达峰试点建设，在政策、资金、技术等方面对试点城市和园区给予支持，加快实现绿色低碳转型，为全国提供可操作、可复制、可推广的经验做法。
四、国际合作
(一)深度参与全球气候治理。大力宣传习近平生态文明思想，分享中国生态文明、绿色发展理念与实践经验，为建设清洁美丽世界贡献中国智慧、中国方案、中国力量，共同构建人与自然生命共同体。主动参与全球绿色治理体系建设，坚持共同但有区别的责任原则、公平原则和各自能力原则，坚持多边主义，维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，推动各方全面履行《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《巴黎协定》。积极参与国际航运、航空减排谈判。
(二)开展绿色经贸、技术与金融合作。优化贸易结构，大力发展高质量、高技术、高附加值绿色产品贸易。加强绿色标准国际合作，推动落实合格评定合作和互认机制，做好绿色贸易规则与进出口政策的衔接。加强节能环保产品和服务进出口。加大绿色技术合作力度，推动开展可再生能源、储能、氢能、二氧化碳捕集利用与封存等领域科研合作和技术交流，积极参与国际热核聚变实验堆计划等国际大科学工程。深化绿色金融国际合作，积极参与碳定价机制和绿色金融标准体系国际宏观协调，与有关各方共同推动绿色低碳转型。
(三)推进绿色“一带一路”建设。秉持共商共建共享原则，弘扬开放、绿色、廉洁理念，加强与共建“一带一路”国家的绿色基建、绿色能源、绿色金融等领域合作，提高境外项目环境可持续性，打造绿色、包容的“一带一路”能源合作伙伴关系，扩大新能源技术和产品出口。发挥“一带一路”绿色发展国际联盟等合作平台作用，推动实施《“一带一路”绿色投资原则》，推进“一带一路”应对气候变化南南合作计划和“一带一路”科技创新行动计划。
五、政策保障
(一)建立统一规范的碳排放统计核算体系。加强碳排放统计核算能力建设，深化核算方法研究，加快建立统一规范的碳排放统计核算体系。支持行业、企业依据自身特点开展碳排放核算方法学研究，建立健全碳排放计量体系。推进碳排放实测技术发展，加快遥感测量、大数据、云计算等新兴技术在碳排放实测技术领域的应用，提高统计核算水平。积极参与国际碳排放核算方法研究，推动建立更为公平合理的碳排放核算方法体系。
(二)健全法律法规标准。构建有利于绿色低碳发展的法律体系，推动能源法、节约能源法、电力法、煤炭法、可再生能源法、循环经济促进法、清洁生产促进法等制定修订。加快节能标准更新，修订一批能耗限额、产品设备能效强制性国家标准和工程建设标准，提高节能降碳要求。健全可再生能源标准体系，加快相关领域标准制定修订。建立健全氢制、储、输、用标准。完善工业绿色低碳标准体系。建立重点企业碳排放核算、报告、核查等标准，探索建立重点产品全生命周期碳足迹标准。积极参与国际能效、低碳等标准制定修订，加强国际标准协调。
(三)完善经济政策。各级人民政府要加大对碳达峰、碳中和工作的支持力度。建立健全有利于绿色低碳发展的税收政策体系，落实和完善节能节水、资源综合利用等税收优惠政策，更好发挥税收对市场主体绿色低碳发展的促进作用。完善绿色电价政策，健全居民阶梯电价制度和分时电价政策，探索建立分时电价动态调整机制。完善绿色金融评价机制，建立健全绿色金融标准体系。大力发展绿色贷款、绿色股权、绿色债券、绿色保险、绿色基金等金融工具，设立碳减排支持工具，引导金融机构为绿色低碳项目提供长期限、低成本资金，鼓励开发性政策性金融机构按照市场化法治化原则为碳达峰行动提供长期稳定融资支持。拓展绿色债券市场的深度和广度，支持符合条件的绿色企业上市融资、挂牌融资和再融资。研究设立国家低碳转型基金，支持传统产业和资源富集地区绿色转型。鼓励社会资本以市场化方式设立绿色低碳产业投资基金。
(四)建立健全市场化机制。发挥全国碳排放权交易市场作用，进一步完善配套制度，逐步扩大交易行业范围。建设全国用能权交易市场，完善用能权有偿使用和交易制度，做好与能耗双控制度的衔接。统筹推进碳排放权、用能权、电力交易等市场建设，加强市场机制间的衔接与协调，将碳排放权、用能权交易纳入公共资源交易平台。积极推行合同能源管理，推广节能咨询、诊断、设计、融资、改造、托管等“一站式”综合服务模式。
六、组织实施
(1) Strengthen overall planning and coordination.
Strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee on carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. The carbon peaking and carbon neutralization work leading group will carry out overall deployment and systematic advancement of carbon peaking related work, and coordinate research on important issues and formulate major policies.
The member units of the Carbon Neutrality Leading Group should steadily advance relevant work in accordance with the Party Central Committee and the State Council’s decision and deployment and the work requirements of the leading group.
The Office of the Leading Group of Carbon Peak Carbon Neutrality should strengthen overall coordination, regularly schedule work progress in various regions, key areas and key industries, scientifically propose a timetable and roadmap for carbon peaks by steps, and urge the implementation of various goals. The task is fulfilled and detailed.
(2) Strengthen the implementation of responsibilities.
Relevant departments in all regions must have a deep understanding of the importance, urgency and complexity of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and earnestly shoulder their responsibilities. The "Opinions on Neutralization Work" and the main objectives and key tasks determined in this plan, focus on the implementation of various tasks, ensure that policies are in place, measures are in place, and effectiveness is in place, and the implementation is included in the central and provincial ecological environmental protection inspections.
All relevant units, people's organizations, and social organizations must actively play their role in accordance with relevant national arrangements to promote green and low-carbon development.
(3) Strict supervision and assessment.
Implement a system with carbon intensity control as the mainstay and total carbon emission control as a supplement, implement coordinated management, coordinated decomposition, and coordinated assessment of energy consumption and carbon emission indicators, and gradually establish a systematic and comprehensive carbon peak carbon neutral comprehensive evaluation and assessment system .
Strengthen the application of supervision and assessment results, give commendations and rewards to regions, units and individuals with outstanding carbon peaking work, and implement notifications, criticisms, and interviews and accountability for regions and departments that have not completed their target tasks in accordance with regulations and laws.
The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government should organize and carry out annual assessments of carbon peaking targets and tasks, and relevant work progress and major issues should be reported to the carbon peaking and carbon neutral work leading group in a timely manner.