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The "grain" behind the abundance of abundance is painstakingly diligent——Explore the special scenery painted in the Chinese granary
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 16th. Topic: The "grain" behind the abundance of abundance is painstaking and diligent-exploring the special scenery painted in the Chinese granary
Xinhua News Agency reporters Han Yu, Guan Jiantao, Wang Jian, Yang Zhe
The people are the foundation of the country, and the valley is the life of the people.
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that the Chinese people’s job must be firmly in their hands at all times.
In the golden autumn of October, the harvested land is busy.
On the occasion of the 41st World Food Day, reporters from Xinhua News Agency went deep into the main grain-producing areas, and together with the farmers who rushed to harvest the grain, they enjoyed the joy of the harvest and the prosperous days, and felt the freshness of China's granary.
[Lens 1] Return to the warehouse
At 19:00 on the 14th, it was dark.
In the corn field of Sun Bo, a large grain grower in Xinglong Town, Bayan County, Heilongjiang Province, a corn harvester is still operating, and the lights on the vehicle light up the field.
Bayan County is the focus area of the recent new crown pneumonia epidemic in Heilongjiang Province, and it has just returned to low risk globally on the 14th.
"We have to take back the time that was delayed by the epidemic, and harvest it day and night, and people will not rest the machine." Sun Bo said that in a few days, 5000 acres of corn will be harvested.
Autumn harvest scene of Xinhua Branch of Heilongjiang Beidahuang Agricultural Co., Ltd.
Interviewee provides
The black land in the northeast is fertile for thousands of miles, suitable for large-scale machinery harvesting.
In the soybean field of Jiaxing Modern Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Heihe City, Heilongjiang Province, many large harvesters are rushing to harvest.
Rows of soybean stalks full of pods are rolled into the machine, threshing, crushing and returning the straw to the field in one go.
"Each machine can harvest hundreds of acres a day. The output has exceeded previous years, and we have to grab early to avoid the golden period." said Gai Yongfeng, the chairman of the cooperative.
The autumn harvest is full of "technological style".
In the fourth management area of Beidahuang Group 850 Farm Co., Ltd., an unmanned harvester operates according to the prescribed trajectory, and the remote staff Li Yunxiang can complete rice harvesting and rice loading through mobile phones. The charm of smart agriculture appears .
Li Yunxiang, a staff member of Beidahuang Group 850 Farm Co., Ltd., uses his mobile phone to control the unmanned harvester.
Interviewee provides
"By installing Beidou satellite receiving antennas and sensors, unmanned operation is realized, which not only improves harvesting accuracy, but also reduces food loss during harvesting," said Li Yunxiang.
Heilongjiang Province is China's largest grain-producing province. This year's grain planting area exceeds 200 million mu, and grain output is expected to reach a new high and achieve the "18 consecutive harvests".
Rice harvesting site of Qixing Branch of Heilongjiang Beidahuang Agricultural Co., Ltd.
Interviewee provides
[Voiceover] Autumn grain accounts for three-quarters of China's annual grain production, and is the top priority of annual grain production.
At present, more than 60% of the national autumn crop has been harvested.
Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued a notice to re-mobilize and deploy the "Three Autumn" production. By accelerating the progress of the autumn harvest, implementing the area of autumn sowing, and improving the quality of sowing, experts and agricultural technicians were organized to go deep into the fields to ensure that the autumn grain should be collected. The particles are returned to the warehouse.
[Lens two] Seek quality
On the 15th, it was drizzling in Tandu Town, Linxiang City, Hunan Province. Li Yuwu's 1,335 acres of organic rice had just been harvested. The joy of the harvest filled his face, "The yield is good, and the price is good."
In a warehouse not far away, rice was piled into a hill.
Recalling the path of organic planting, Li Yuwu said: “In the past few years, many relatives and friends in the city asked me about good-quality rice, but the ordinary rice I grew had a mediocre taste.”
Li Yuwu's organic rice base transplants seedlings.
Interviewee provides
In 2019, Li Yuwu officially "made a march into" organic rice.
In order to ensure that the whole planting process is organic, he hired a local senior agronomist as a production technical consultant.
Li Yuwu installed 60 solar energy frequency vibration insecticidal lamps in his rice fields to trap and kill field pests.
In order to avoid the use of herbicides, he spent a lot of effort to control weeds: in winter, deep water soaks the fields; in late spring and early summer, he cultivated crayfish in the paddy fields so that the crayfish can eat the weeds and loosen the soil.
"My family said that I take care of rice more carefully than taking care of children." Li Yuwu said that in 2020 he participated in the National Green Food Expo, and the rice he brought with him was favored by many customers.
Li Yuwu's organic rice production base.
Interviewee provides
Li Wei, deputy director of the Office of the Leading Group for Rural Affairs of the Linxiang Municipal Party Committee, said that Li Yuwu's planting of organic rice meets the requirements of the structural reforms on the agricultural supply side.
[Voiceover] In August this year, the "Fourteenth Five-Year National Agricultural Green Development Plan" issued by the six national departments proposed that by 2025, the number of green, organic, and geographical indication agricultural products will reach 60,000, and the quality and safety of agricultural products will be routinely monitored. The overall pass rate reached 98%.
At present, people pay more attention to how to eat more nutritiously and healthily. One square farmland meets people's more life needs and expectations.
[Lens 3] Rehabilitation
In the past few years, in Damujia Town, Gaomi City, Shandong Province, a large agricultural farmer Wang Cuifen was particularly dependent on chemical fertilizers for farming. However, she gradually discovered that more chemical fertilizers were used, soil compaction and airtightness were serious, and food production decreased.
Under the guidance of the local agricultural department, Wang Cuifen used fermented organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer.
"The crop seedlings are all strong and the soil conditions are constantly improving." Wang Cuifen said.
In order to provide a better growing environment for crops, Wang Cuifen also explored agricultural water use.
The local rainfall is low, agricultural water consumption is large, and the groundwater level drops, which affects food production.
She purchased self-propelled reel-type sprinkler irrigation equipment, which has obvious water-saving effects.
Self-propelled sprinkler irrigation equipment used in Wang Cuifen's field.
Interviewee provides
Take wheat as an example. With this reel-type sprinkler irrigation equipment, 2.5 acres of land can be irrigated in one hour, and only 30 cubic meters of water is required.
However, it takes two hours and 60 cubic meters of water to irrigate 1 mu of land with diesel pumps.
Dongxiaotun Village, Wucheng Town, Wucheng County, Dezhou City, Shandong Province, planted 1,500 acres of land for the civilian grain and cotton planting farmers' professional cooperative. Li Qingshuang, the chairman of the cooperative, purchased 3 horizontal self-propelled sprinkler irrigation machines.
"This equipment not only saves labor and efficiency, but also saves 60% of water and realizes the integration of water and fertilizer." Li Qingshuang said.
Dong Jun, director of the Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Wucheng County, said that “smart weather” will be introduced in the next step, and 60 automatic weather stations will be set up throughout the county to monitor 10 meteorological elements such as wind speed, rainfall, temperature, and humidity, as well as soil moisture. Improve agricultural production efficiency and disaster prevention, mitigation and disaster relief capabilities.
In August this year, Shandong Province proposed that it will further implement the action of reducing the amount of pesticides and fertilizers and increasing the efficiency. By 2025, the amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides per unit of arable land will be reduced by 6% and 10% respectively compared with 2020.
[Voiceover] Eco-environmental problems such as farmland degradation, groundwater overexploitation, and soil pollution are being accelerated to lay the foundation for stabilizing food production capacity and increasing farmers’ income.
In recent years, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in conjunction with relevant state departments, has promoted the construction of high-standard farmland, soil improvement, and efficient water-saving irrigation in the eight aspects of field, soil, water, road, forest, electricity, technology, and management of high-standard farmland construction. Promote the storage of grain on the ground.
[Lens 4] Xingnong
"It's a great harvest year!" Changtu County in Liaoning Province is a major grain-producing county in the country. Wu Yanliang, a major grain grower in this county, stood in a golden corn field and happily told reporters, "The yield per mu is more than 200 kilograms higher than usual. , And the food quality is good."
After the harvest, the peasants' pockets bulged.
Wu Yanliang calculated an account. This year, he planted 3000 acres of land, and one acre of corn can yield 1800 catties. The current tidal grain price is about 0.9 yuan per catty, and the gross income is more than 1,600 yuan, deducting 1,400 yuan for land transfer fees, seeds, fertilizers, and management costs. This year, I can earn more than 600,000 yuan in total.
"People work hard, God helps, the good days are yet to come." Wu Yanliang said.
"There are both good years and good money." This is the feeling of many big grain growers in Panjin City, Liaoning Province, the hometown of rice.
Duan Biao, a large grain grower in Liujia Village, Hujia Town, Panshan County, Panjin City, has transferred more than 800 acres of rice to the land and produced crab rice with high added value.
"The income of crab farming is considerable, plus the income from rice planting, you can make a net profit of four to five hundred yuan per mu." Duan Biao said.
Villagers drive a harvester to harvest rice in Zhangmeiwopeng Village, Xinglongtai Town, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City (photo by drone).
Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Qing
In recent years, more and more large grain growers have developed socialized services through land transfer, providing small farmers with substituting farming and planting, integrated control of diseases and insect pests, unified fertilizers and other services, reducing the overall cost of growing grains and increasing Growing grain income.
According to relevant personnel from the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Liaoning Province, this year's grain output in Liaoning Province is expected to exceed 50 billion jin, and the expected yield per mu is about 950 jin, which is more than 20 jin higher than the historical high.
[Voiceover] In recent years, the income of farmers in China has continued to grow rapidly, and their living standards have continued to improve.
For agricultural and rural work, one thousand words, ten thousand words, increasing farmers' income is the key.
In order for farmers to live a better life, it is necessary to continuously improve support policies and expand income-increasing channels, so that hundreds of millions of farmers can make strides forward on the road of common prosperity.
(Participating reporters: Zhou Nan, Zhang Zhilong, Zou Mingzhong)