How to make up for the lack of old-age security and incomplete service facilities in rural old-age care

　　The population base is larger, the degree of aging is deeper, and the elderly in difficulties are more. The old life of the rural elderly attracts attention; the family's ability to provide for the elderly is weak, the elderly security is inadequate, and the elderly service facilities are not perfect. How to make up for the shortcomings of the rural elderly?

"News 1+1" dialogue with Lu Jiehua, professor of the Department of Sociology of Peking University and Vice President of the Chinese Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics, with

What are the current characteristics of rural aging?

Lu Jiehua, Professor of the Department of Sociology, Peking University:

Rural aging currently presents the following characteristics:

　　(1) The population base is large. There are 120 million people aged 60 and over living in rural areas.

　　(2) The rural aging rate is fast.

According to the data of the seventh census, the proportion of rural population over 60 years old reached 23.81%, which was 7.9% higher than that of urban areas and much higher than the national average of 18.7%.

23.81% means that the rural areas have entered a moderate aging,

its impact is far-reaching, and it will pose a very important challenge to the entire aging system in the rural areas.

After all, there was a gap in the old-age care service system between urban and rural areas in the past, and rural areas lag behind those of urban areas.

The empty nest is serious, what do you rely on for the elderly in rural areas?

Lu Jiehua, Professor of the Department of Sociology, Peking University:

The empty nest, solitary, and aging population of rural aging have highlighted that we must pay attention to the construction of the rural elderly care service system.

In rural areas, relying on home for the elderly, what does it depend on if the child is not there?

It is very important to rely on socialized elderly care, because the socialized elderly care service system in rural areas lags behind that in cities. Through the construction of some socialized elderly care service systems, we can provide the empty-nest elderly with necessary meals, medical assistance, and entertainment. Bathing, to a certain extent, can increase the demand for elderly care services for the elderly in rural areas, and it also requires the whole society to pay attention to the urgency and importance of the construction of the rural elderly care service system.

The weight of rural elderly care institutions is more important

Lu Jiehua, Professor of the Department of Sociology, Peking University:

In terms of the number of elderly care service institutions, there are more rural areas than cities. We not only need to see the difference in the quantity of the elderly care service system in urban and rural areas, but also the quality of it.

Although there are many rural elderly service institutions, their vacancy rate is also relatively high.

According to data from previous years, almost 48% of rural elderly care institutions are vacant.

On the one hand, there are many elderly people in rural areas who need to take care of them. On the other hand, the number of elderly care institutions is relatively large, but they are still vacant. The imbalance between supply and demand needs to be resolved.

The difference between urban and rural pensions is about 22 times, and the basic old-age security for the elderly in rural areas needs to be improved

Lu Jiehua, professor of the Department of Sociology, Peking University:

In terms of pensions, the gap between urban and rural areas is quite obvious.

A few years ago, we found through research that

and

cities is much higher than that in rural areas.

I think this shortcoming is difficult to make up in a short time, but we can reduce it so that the elderly in rural areas can gradually improve their quality of life and meet their needs.

　　I agree that if we want to increase the rural pension, it must be at a certain age, such as 60 years old, or the men and women have different ages, and the retirement system can be implemented.

But I think the retirement system is very important. It is the most important condition to increase his pension by a large margin.

Can land become a guarantee for the elderly in rural areas?

Lu Jiehua, Professor of the Department of Sociology, Peking University:

Land is also an important part of old-age security. In fact, in the whole country, some areas use land to circulate, especially to revitalize the land, give him a certain amount of management, and then give some benefits to the elderly.

However, from a national perspective, it is not particularly realistic to rely on land to provide for the elderly, because most of these areas that have done a good job are in the suburbs, and urbanization is relatively recent.

But in the west, in poor areas, this is not particularly realistic.

How to make rural elderly people grow old healthily?

Lu Jiehua, Professor of the Department of Sociology, Peking University: A

healthy China should be said to be the dream of every Chinese, and it is also the dream of the elderly in rural areas.

The countryside is a disadvantaged, and the overall health status is worse than that of the cities.

It is relatively poor in terms of medical insurance and medical conditions.

There is a saying that with health, advanced age is not a problem, and without health, younger age is also a problem.

　　① It is necessary to improve the health literacy of the elderly in rural areas, in terms of life cycle.

　　② To strengthen the management of chronic diseases in rural areas, public health must keep up, and grassroots public health must keep up.

　　③The rural health service system should also focus on the chronic diseases of the elderly, focusing on the entire rehabilitation treatment, so that the elderly in the rural areas can have a happy old age.