National Development and Reform Commission: China's demographic dividend still exists, and the talent dividend will be developed later

　　China News Service, September 28. In the context of the accelerated growth of declining birthrate and aging population, can China continue to maintain a well-off society in an all-round way?

At a press conference of the State Council Information Office on the 28th, Ning Jizhe, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission and director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said that on the whole, China’s demographic dividend still exists. Building a modern socialist country still has a good guarantee of human resources.

　　The Information Office of the State Council held a press conference on the 28th to introduce the relevant situation of the white paper "China's Comprehensive Well-off Society".

A reporter asked at the meeting that in the context of China's accelerated growth of declining birthrate and aging population, some sources pointed out that it may also have an impact on China's future economic development.

Under such circumstances, can China continue to maintain a well-off society in an all-round way?

　　Ning Jizhe said that since the beginning of the new century, China's population structure and total population have undergone some new changes.

The seventh national census conducted in 2020 has fully investigated the number, structure, and distribution of my country’s population, and the results have been announced.

Although the growth rate of my country's total population has slowed down, the total fertility rate has declined, and the degree of aging has deepened, on the whole, the demographic dividend still exists, the advantage of the talent dividend is late, and the population health level continues to improve.

With the gradual improvement of the population policy, my country's economic development has been improving for a long time. On the basis of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, building a modern socialist country in an all-round way still has a good guarantee of human resources.

——Labor resources are still abundant, and the demographic dividend continues to exist.

my country is still the most populous country in the world, and the total population is still growing. The total working-age population is still huge. The working-age population of 16-59 in my country has reached 880 million, and there are more than 300 million women of childbearing age, which can maintain more than 1,000 each year. 10,000 births.

In 2020, the total number of migrant workers in my country will still reach 286 million.

The dividends generated by population growth still exist, and labor resources are still relatively abundant, providing demographic dividend support for sustained economic development.

——The quality of the population has improved significantly, and new advantages of the talent dividend have gradually emerged.

In the past ten years, the education level of the Chinese population has increased significantly. In 2020, the average number of years of education for the working-age population in my country will reach 10.75 years, an increase of 1.08 years from 9.67 in 2010.

Education has developed greatly in the past ten years. Among them, 208 million people have a college education level or above, accounting for 23.61% of the working-age population, which is 11.27 percentage points higher than that in 2010.

The proportion of talent scale has risen by more than 10%, nearly doubling.

This is conducive to accelerating the transformation of my country's economic development mode, optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure, and continuously improving total factor productivity, providing new talent bonus support for high-quality economic development.

——The health level of residents has been greatly improved, and the conditions of labor resources have been optimized.

Health is both well-being and productivity.

With the reform and development of medical and health services, the physical quality of our population has improved significantly.

In 2019, the life expectancy of the Chinese population reached 77.3 years, 2.47 years higher than in 2010, and this increase is also very large.

The physical condition of middle-aged and elderly people has improved overall. Although many people have reached old age, their physical fitness is still quite good.

In 2020, my country's infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate will also drop to 5.4‰ and 16.9/100,000, respectively. The physical fitness of the population at both ends has improved.

The health level of Chinese residents is generally better than the average level of middle- and high-income countries, and the achievements in health care have also provided effective labor input support for the sustainable development of the economy.

The same is the labor force, and the physical health has improved, which is conducive to the role of labor resources.

——The number and proportion of children's population is rising, and the new generation of labor resources is growing.

Since the implementation of the "two-child alone" and "two-child comprehensive" policy, the number of births in my country has clearly rebounded.

According to the seventh national census, the number of children aged 0-14 has increased by 30.92 million over 2010, and the proportion has risen by 1.35 percentage points.

The “second-child” fertility rate has increased significantly, and the proportion of the “second-child” in the birth population has risen from about 30% in 2013 to about 50% in 2017.

The implementation of the three-child policy and supporting measures this year will help promote the increase in the birth population, improve the age structure of the population, and achieve long-term balanced population development.