New technology empowers water conservancy construction (deep reading)
In late July, Typhoon "Fireworks" landed in Zhejiang, and nearly 100 hydrological monitoring points in Deqing County captured data.
The automatic rainfall observation instrument "watches" the changes, and every 0.5 mm of accumulated rainfall, the funnel will tip over, trigger the circuit, and transmit a signal.
The rainfall is turned into continuously updated figures and displayed in the rainwater regime remote measurement system of the Water Resources Bureau of Deqing County, Zhejiang Province.
"In the past, manual measurement, recording, and calculations took an hour to a trip, but now it only takes 5 minutes to collect all the data." said Cheng Kaiyu, head of the Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Section of the Deqing County Water Resources Bureau.
Water conservancy is well-known, and water control is wise.
Hydrological automatic forecasting, data running ahead; automatic early warning platform, gaining time for the masses to move and avoid danger... The use of new technologies has continuously improved the ability to prevent floods and droughts.
In recent years, the Ministry of Water Resources has vigorously promoted the construction of smart water conservancy, and strengthened the deep integration of 5G, Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence and other water conservancy work.
At present, the pilot pilot work of smart water conservancy has been fully launched. From 2020, the Ministry of Water Resources will select 11 pilot pilot units and plan to implement 36 pilot pilot tasks in two years to promote new technologies in flood control and drought relief, river basins. Application in the fields of management, water conservancy project operation management, etc.
From a picture to a net
River basin management is more refined
Rolling out a river basin map is a common scene on the front line of flood prevention.
Nowadays, digital technology has enabled Jianghe to appear online, making it possible to simulate floods.
"Amplify the heavy rain in the Huaihe River Basin in 2007 by 10%"... Recently, a rehearsal of floods in the Huaihe River was carried out at the Huaihe River Water Conservancy Commission.
When will Wangjiaba gate open?
How to start the flood storage and detention area?
On the digital map, the main stream of the Huai River, the Mengwa flood storage and detention area, and the Wangjiaba sluice are clearly visible. Rainfalls of different intensities and various water conservancy project joint scheduling schemes are drilled in sequence.
Prior to this, the Huaihe River Water Conservancy Commission used helicopter-loaded lidar surveying and mapping methods to accurately survey the Huaihe River and carried out laser scanning for important flood control projects in Wangjiaba and Linhuaigang.
What effect can "digital + big rivers" produce?
Liu Zhiyu, deputy director of the Information Center of the Ministry of Water Resources, introduced that the digital twin technology combines the natural geographical conditions of the river, historical data, and water conservancy models to construct a digital scene. On this basis, flood forecasting and dispatching plan deduction are carried out to provide forecasts, early warnings, and warnings for flood control in the river basin. Rehearsal and plan support.
Digitization can improve river management in all aspects.
Illegal sand mining is a problem that needs to be solved in the Yangtze River Basin.
How to supervise the numerous sand mining vessels?
How to trace the source of sand and gravel?
At the beginning of this year, in the Lujiazui mining area in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission issued the first electronic sand and gravel mining management sheet on the mainstream of the Yangtze River.
Functions such as online billing, online verification, and volume control are handled in one network, allowing law enforcement personnel to implement the entire chain of supervision of "purchasing, transportation, and sales".
At present, the construction of smart watersheds is constantly advancing.
The Yellow River Basin strengthens the construction of a water safety monitoring system, builds an intelligent hub for the Yellow River, builds intelligent business applications, and enhances scientific and accurate decision-making support capabilities.
The Pearl River Water Conservancy Commission has built a smart supervision platform to achieve full coverage of online monitoring of national key water-monitoring units in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.
From crowd tactics to data running
Water conservancy engineering services are more accurate
There are more than 98,000 reservoirs, more than 100,000 sluices, and 9.31 million rural water supply projects across the country. The number is large and scattered. New technologies can effectively strengthen the operation and management of water conservancy projects.
In the past, he ate brackish and salty water, but now he drinks water from the Yellow River.
The construction of rural drinking water projects allowed people in Shanghe County, Jinan City, Shandong Province to drink assured water, but new problems followed.
"The county's tap water pipe network is more than 2,100 kilometers, many of which are buried underground, dripping and leaking, and the water pressure is unstable." said Li Zhao, director of the Shanghe County Urban and Rural Water Supply Service Center.
Build a "one piece of net" to solve the management and protection problems.
"Each house is equipped with a smart water meter, which transmits data through 4G remote ultrasonic transmission; installs video surveillance to realize automatic monitoring of reservoirs, water plants, pipe networks and end users." Li Zhao introduced.
There are 948 total village meters, 146,000 smart water meters, and 183 monitoring points to achieve full coverage of the "one network".
"Check the water quality, water quantity, and water bill on your mobile phone; if you have any problems, report on your mobile phone. Not only drink water, but also drink'understand water'." said Wang Jieshui, party branch secretary of Caojia Village, Xushang Sub-district.
"Internet + urban and rural water supply" solves the problem of follow-up management of drinking water projects.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Water Resources, in the past, drinking water projects were diverse and the management team was insufficient, which affected the continued performance of project benefits.
The use of big data, Internet and other technologies has realized the unification of the engineering network, water supply network and data network, and realized full-process management and precise services.
From physical strength to computational power
Disaster prevention and mitigation scheduling is more proactive
Astronomical tide, wind and rain tide, and typhoon.
At 2 o'clock in the morning on July 24, Typhoon Fireworks will land in Zhejiang.
The seawall with a total length of 2014 kilometers is the front line for preventing tides and waves. How to eliminate dangers and strengthen as soon as possible?
How to prevent waterlogging in coastal cities?
Which areas should transfer the masses in advance?
Time is tight and tasks are heavy.
In the conference room of the Water Resources Department of Zhejiang Province, the dense icons of coastlines, rivers, and reservoirs flicker; rainfall, water level, and flow are all beating one by one.
Risk warnings, early warnings and forecasts continue to spread: There are gaps in the 10 seawalls in Zhenhai District, Ningbo, and they must be sealed in advance; there is a risk of mountain torrents from the coast of eastern Zhejiang to the mountainous areas in the north-central part of the country. Please make preparations in advance for relevant villages and towns... Digital platforms play an important role.
"Hydrological sites summarize data, smart platform calculations and analysis, dispatchers make precise decisions. One plan was studied and judged in the past morning, and now more than 50 plans can be produced a day." said Chen Zhigang, the relevant person in charge of the Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Division of Zhejiang Water Resources Department.
One system integrates functions such as flood control maps, water regimes and rain conditions, flood forecasts, and early warning releases; one network runs through the five-level responsibility system of provinces, cities, counties, and villages.
"Forecast and early warning are at the forefront of the flood control chain. With accurate forecasts, subsequent reservoir operations can be more refined, mass transfers can be more timely, and casualties and property losses can be reduced." Liu Zhiyu introduced, hydrological monitoring, forecasting and early warning are natural collections. The process of processing and analyzing data.
Technologies such as the Internet of Things, remote sensing, and video systems can collect a larger amount of data with richer elements. Big data mining and forecasting and dispatching integration make flood forecasting more accurate.
Data runs faster, and joint reservoir dispatch is more accurate.
23,400 cubic meters per second!
At 0:00 on August 30, the Danjiangkou Reservoir located on the Han River had the largest flood peak flow into the reservoir.
The four reservoirs of Danjiangkou, Ankang, Pankou and Huanglongtan jointly blocked 1.953 billion cubic meters of floodwater, effectively lowering the water level of the middle and lower reaches of the Han River by 1.5-3.5 meters.
When to stop, how many to stop, and how the reservoirs coordinate with each other, it must be accurate to the minute.
The Yangtze River Smart Hydrological Monitoring System demonstrates its skills in actual combat, with three-dimensional visualization display, intelligent optimization of the water level-flow relationship, and real-time reporting of water regime information to provide support for the precise formulation of reservoir scheduling plans.
Since the flood season this year, water conservancy departments at all levels have closely monitored the rain and used the flash flood disaster monitoring and early warning system to send a total of more than 31 million early warning text messages to relevant flood control persons and 740 million early warning text messages to the public in threatened areas, which effectively protects the people. The safety of people's lives and property.
As of August 15th, 3103 sub-large and medium-sized reservoirs across the country have blocked 78.6 billion cubic meters of flood water, reduced inundation of cities and towns by 936 times, reduced inundation of 12.29 million mu of arable land, and avoided the transfer of 6.5 million people.
Our reporter Wang Hao