The two men were arrested in connection with an operation in Stockholm and Eskilstuna last summer, the Public Prosecutor's Office states.
The operation was prompted by the police acting as infiltrators.
- Without the infiltration effort, the serious crime for which we have now been prosecuted would not have been discovered, says chamber prosecutor Emelie Källfelt, who is the head of the preliminary investigation.
In connection with a house search, the documents that now form the basis of the indictment were found.
According to the prosecutor, the two men must have had contact with each other via the internet, and Eskilstunabon is described as having a "high-ranking role" in various forums that deal with abuse.
The men are suspected, among other things, of several cases of aggravated rape of a child and aggravated sexual abuse of a child, stamping or attempted aggravated rape of a child.
Eskilstunabon is also charged with a serious child pornography offense.
The operation has also led to several other perpetrators being identified and some having been convicted of sexual offenses against children, according to the prosecutor.