News 1+1丨After the "cosmic stunning", what other missions will the astronauts have?
Yesterday (22nd), the astronauts of Shenzhou 12 completed their second outing. The photo of Nie Haisheng with the earth was amazing.
What specific tasks were performed in this outing activity?
What is the process and what are the highlights?
What work does the three astronauts have to do next?
"News 1+1" connects with Wang Chunhui, deputy chief designer of the astronaut system of China Astronaut Center, and pays close attention to: What are the astronauts' tasks after the second exit?
During the replay process, where did the anxiety and excitement come from?
Wang Chunhui: Today’s outing activities went very smoothly and it was perfect. After watching the performance of the three heroes, I was also very excited.
But in the process of watching them perform their tasks, there are also some places of anxiety and anxiety in their hearts.
For example, when the cabin is just out of the cabin, because there is no fixed place for the feet of the astronauts at the cabin door, some skills and skills are needed, including the upper and lower robotic arms.
Because the astronauts have to install foot stoppers on the robotic arm, this process is invisible and can only be operated blindly.
In addition, there are many safety cords on the astronaut, and we are afraid that he will be entangled and interfere with his upper and lower robotic arms.
It also includes Liu Boming's hooks must be hung up during the crawling process, and some obstacles must be avoided to ensure his safety.
But in general, the whole mission still made me excited, and the degree of perfection exceeded my expectations.
In space, if safety measures are not taken, will astronauts float away?
Wang Chunhui: If the hook is not hung up when exiting the cabin, there is a possibility of floating away in space.
Therefore, whether we are in task design, product design, or process planning, safety measures are our top priority.
We also emphasized during astronaut training and communication that the operation of safety hooks is always the most important thing before the mission.
You must first ensure that you have a stable and reliable bondage before you can start the mission.
Give a point to the astronaut's "flying shirt"?
120 points!
Wang Chunhui: The extravehicular spacesuit developed by the Astronaut Center team is equivalent to a miniature spacecraft. It has undergone technological upgrades and improvements. I think from the performance of these two missions, I gave it a score of 120, which is very good. Perfect.
The extravehicular space suit can guarantee the survival and work of people in the vacuum environment of space. Its design standard is "7+1" hours. It seems that there may be no problem in 8 hours. So I think our outer suit has done a very good job. .
2 sets of space suits, 3 astronauts, different in height and weight, how to adjust?
Bai Yansong: The first time was for Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo to leave the cabin. The second time was for Nie Haisheng and Liu Boming to get out of the cabin. Three astronauts, two missions, although only two people went out of the cabin each time, after all, everyone’s height The weight is different, how to adjust the extravehicular spacesuit?
Wang Chunhui: The design method of our country’s extravehicular space suit adopts an integrated structure of helmet and torso. The limbs can be adjusted. It can meet the needs of aerospace people from 1.62 meters to 1.80 meters. It can be adjusted to adapt to different heights and weights. Human body parameters, good fit.
Nie Haisheng, who performed the second outing of the cabin, wore the outer suit Liu Boming wore last time, and this time Liu Boming wore the outer suit Tang Hongbo wore last time.
After the exit mission is completed, how do the astronauts maintain the exit suit?
Wang Chunhui: According to the design standards of extravehicular spacesuits, it is necessary to guarantee three years of in-orbit operation, and to ensure 15 exits by astronauts.
The astronauts wearing extravehicular suits may come from different crews. This time it is the astronauts of the Shenzhou 12 crew, and the astronauts of the Shenzhou 13 crew will be ushered in the next wave.
And every time the extravehicular suits are used after they are taken out of the cabin, the astronauts must carry out very comprehensive and detailed maintenance and maintenance work on the extravehicular suits.
Including ventilation, purification, drying, including the treatment of some microorganisms, the replacement statistics of some consumables, and so on.
A series of measures are to ensure the reliability of the outer cabin service that can work effectively in orbit for three years and use 15 times.
Why did the astronauts get out of the capsule and raise the panoramic camera?
Wang Chunhui: The extravehicular camera has many functions. For example, it is used to observe the extravehicular equipment of the space station, the movement of the robotic arm, and the astronauts’ exit activities. They are the “eyes” of the space station. Field" is very important for the safety and security of these jobs.
What tasks will the astronauts have after they leave the cabin twice?
Wang Chunhui said that there are mainly these three tasks↓↓
Do the finishing touches
After successfully completing the second exit activity, the astronauts still have some finishing work, such as maintaining the exit suit.
Hurry up and exercise
The trio of space travel went home in mid-September.
Next, the astronauts have to hurry up and do some physical exercises to make some adaptive adjustments to return to Earth. Our astronaut center also has a weightless physiological effect protection team. According to the astronaut’s current physical condition, the muscles, bones, and heart For blood vessel and other aspects, make adaptive exercise programs to ensure that they can better recover after returning to the earth. Every day, they will provide "exercise prescriptions" to adjust them according to their conditions.
Prepare for Shenzhou 13
Next, the astronauts have to sort out and count some of the materials and items in the station, and then this will facilitate the next wave of crew to easily find where the things are.
In addition, some equipment needs to be transferred and arranged from the cargo ship, and various functions of the space station must be set up to prepare the Chinese space station for the arrival of the next wave of crew.
In fact, during today’s exit mission, the astronauts put both foot limiters on the extravehicular toolbox, which is also to prepare for the astronaut’s follow-up work.
At the same time, I saw reports in the news today, including before returning, the Shenzhou spacecraft will conduct circumnavigation and radial rendezvous tests, which may also be in preparation for the Shenzhou 13 mission.
Astronauts have been working and living in orbit for two months. How has the regenerative life support technology been verified?
Wang Chunhui: The regenerative life support system is related to the sustainable operation of the Chinese space station in the future, and it is a very critical technology for the real operation of the space station in orbit.
"Renewable Life Insurance" actually covers five major aspects, one is electrolysis oxygen production, which is oxygen production from water.
There are also the removal of carbon dioxide, the removal of trace harmful gases, the regeneration of urine to produce water, water treatment, the reduction of carbon dioxide, and so on.
This time, the regenerative life insurance team of the Astronaut Center has done a great job.
Judging from the operation for one month, the three astronauts need approximately 11 to 12 liters of water per day. At present, 9 kg of water can be guaranteed by the regeneration system, so that the degree of water closure has reached 80%. With the addition of water produced by the reduction of carbon dioxide, the degree of closure can be increased to more than 90%.
Previously, the environmental control and life insurance team also helped me calculate an account. If we do not use our current "regeneration life insurance" system, if three astronauts are in orbit for a year, 83 oxygen cylinders, weighing 2.2 tons, are needed. 130 carbon dioxide purifiers are needed, and the weight is 2.2 tons. The purification of trace harmful gases is also 63 kg, so 3 tons are needed and 47 water tanks are needed.
In total, if three people are in orbit for a year, the amount of materials involved is close to 7.5 tons.
However, the quantity of materials in the regenerative life support system will drop to 1.1 tons.
It can be seen that the regenerative life support system is very important for the long-term operation of the entire space station, and our technology is still very good after it has passed the on-orbit verification.