Chinanews.com, July 20. When will the three-child policy be implemented?
Is family planning cancelled?
Will social support fees be levied for those who have previously violated laws and regulations to give birth to three children?
The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Optimizing Fertility Policies to Promote Long-term and Balanced Population Development" was released, and the National Health Commission answered relevant questions.
1. What is the core content of optimizing the fertility policy?
Implement the policy that a couple can have three children, cancel social support and other restrictive measures, clean up and abolish relevant penalties, and implement active childbirth support measures, referred to as the implementation of the three-child policy and supporting support measures.
2. When did the three-child policy start to be implemented?
The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Optimizing Fertility Policies to Promote Long-term and Balanced Population Development" (hereinafter referred to as the Central "Decision") proposes to amend the Population and Family Planning Law, promote marriage and childbirth of the right age, prenatal and postnatal care, and implement the three-child policy.
At present, the State Council has submitted a proposal to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, suggesting that a couple can have three children in the Population and Family Planning Law.
After deliberation, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress will make a decision to amend the Population and Family Planning Law and make arrangements for the three-child policy.
All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) will also revise the population and family planning regulations, combine local conditions with laws and policies, and organize their implementation in accordance with the law.
The decision to amend the Population and Family Planning Law made by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress after deliberating and passing the "Decision" of the Central Committee at a meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee on May 31st may be recognized as having three children before the implementation of the revised law.
3. Is the implementation of the three-child policy abolishing family planning?
The implementation of the three-child policy and supporting measures is still family planning.
The Central "Decision" has given new connotations to family planning, namely, implementing the three-child policy and supporting support measures, reforming the service management system, improving family development capabilities, promoting the realization of an appropriate fertility level, and promoting long-term balanced population development.
4. Will there be any restrictive measures such as social support payments in the future?
The "Decision" of the central government proposes to abolish restrictive measures such as social maintenance fees, clean up and abolish relevant penalties, and completely decouple household entry, school enrollment, employment, etc. from the individual's fertility status.
5. For those who violated laws and regulations to give birth to three children in the past, should social support fees be levied?
If the expropriation decision has been made in accordance with the law and the execution has been completed, it shall be maintained; if the expropriation decision has been made but the execution has not been completed, the expropriated part will not be refunded, and the expropriated part will not be expropriated; if the expropriation decision has not been investigated or the expropriation decision has not been made, no further ,deal with.
All localities must do a good job in policy convergence, strengthen publicity and interpretation, and promote the implementation of work in a steady and orderly manner.
6. How to establish and improve the population service system?
Focusing on "one old and one small", establish and improve a population service system covering the entire life cycle.
Strengthen the grassroots service management system and capacity building, and enhance the function of caring for children and providing for the aged.
Implement the birth registration system and do a good job of giving birth consultation and guidance.
Promote the joint operation of birth medical certificates, child vaccinations, household registration, medical insurance participation, and social security card application.
7. How to apply for birth registration?
Couples who give birth to children shall implement birth registration and enjoy services such as maternal and child health, prenatal and postnatal care in accordance with regulations.
Birth registration can be handled either at the place of household registration or at the place of residence.
Health departments at all levels should optimize the handling procedures, implement online handling and cross-provincial handling.
The implementation of the birth registration service system is the basic work for scientifically grasping the situation of the birth population and accurately providing services such as maternal and child health, prenatal and postnatal care.
8. What are the five systems of maternal and child safety?
The five systems of maternal and child safety include pregnancy risk screening and assessment, project management of high-risk pregnant and lying-in women, treatment of critical and critical illnesses, reporting of maternal death cases and interview notification systems.
The five systems run through the whole process of service and management during pregnancy and childbirth, focusing on "prevention, keeping the bottom line, and strong responsibility" to ensure the safety of pregnant and lying-in women systematically, and provide appropriate and targeted interventions for people at different risks service.
9. How to manage pregnancy risk classification and classification for pregnant women?
In accordance with the requirements of "Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Management Work Regulations", carry out pregnancy risk screening and assessment of pregnant women, carry out classification and classification management of pregnant women, and make clear marks in the "Mother and Child Health Handbook" and corresponding information systems.
For pregnant women whose pregnancy risk is classified as "yellow (general risk)", "orange (higher risk)", "red (high risk)" and "purple (infectious disease)", they should be recommended to be in a second-level or higher medical institution Receive health care services during pregnancy and childbirth and hospital delivery.
For pregnant women who have diseases that may be life-threatening and unsuitable for continued pregnancy, doctors with qualifications above the deputy director level will evaluate and confirm the diagnosis, inform them of the risk of continuing pregnancy, and provide scientific and rigorous medical advice.
10. What measures are taken to ensure the treatment of critically ill pregnant and lying-in women and newborns?
"Guidelines for the Construction and Management of Critical Maternal and Newborn Rescue Centers" (Guoweiban Fuyufa [2017] No. 40), for the regional organization and management, institutional internal management, business management and service capabilities of critically ill maternal and newborn treatment centers , Facilities and equipment, staffing and work system put forward clear requirements.
Efforts will be made to strengthen the construction and management of treatment centers for critically ill pregnant and lying-in women and newborns at all levels, form a regional emergency expert group, strengthen the protection of key links such as transport and blood use, unblock the green channels for referral and treatment, and improve clinical treatment capabilities.
11. How to ensure the safety of newborns?
Establish and complete a critically ill newborn treatment collaboration network, and complete a critically ill newborn treatment, consultation, and referral network with tiered responsibility, upper and lower linkages, orderly response, and efficient operation.
Strengthen the protection of critically ill neonates' treatment capabilities, close cooperation in obstetrics and pediatrics, strengthen personnel training and training, and promote appropriate technologies such as early basic health care for newborns, kangaroo care for premature infants, and neonatal resuscitation.
Strengthen newborn health management, strengthen quality services during pregnancy, prenatal, during and postpartum periods, and protect the health of fetuses and newborns.
12. What measures are in place to prevent and treat birth defects?
Improve the birth defect prevention network and implement three-level preventive measures.
Strengthen the popularization of knowledge and consultation on the prevention and control of birth defects, strengthen pre-marital health care, promote pre-pregnancy health checkups, strengthen prenatal screening and diagnosis, and promote integrated management services and multidisciplinary collaboration during peri-pregnancy, pre- and post-natal periods.
Expand the scope of neonatal disease screening and promote early screening, diagnosis and treatment.
Do a good job in basic medical treatment and rehabilitation assistance for children with birth defects.
13. What measures are included in the third-level prevention of birth defects?
Primary prevention is to conduct health education, pre-marital health care, pre-pregnancy eugenic examination and consultation and guidance before marriage, pregnancy and early pregnancy to prevent and reduce the occurrence of birth defects.
Secondary prevention is to carry out prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis during pregnancy to reduce the birth of fatal and severely disabled children.
Tertiary prevention is the screening and diagnosis of congenital diseases of newborns, the treatment and rehabilitation of children with birth defects, and the prevention and reduction of children's disability.
14. What services does the pre-pregnancy eugenic health check include?
Since 2010, my country has initiated the implementation of the national free pre-pregnancy eugenic health check project, providing free health education, health check, risk assessment, counseling and guidance for rural couples planning to become pregnant with 19 pre-pregnancy eugenics services to prevent and reduce the risk of birth defects.
At present, the free pre-pregnancy eugenic health check has been included in the national basic public health service items, and it is widely implemented in all counties (cities, districts) across the country. All eligible couples who plan to become pregnant can enjoy free pre-pregnancy eugenic health check services.
15. What are the types of neonatal disease screening?
The "Administrative Measures for the Screening of Newborn Diseases" stipulate that the national screening for diseases of newborns includes congenital hypothyroidism, phenylketonuria and other genetic metabolic diseases of newborns and hearing disorders.
The health department adjusts the types of neonatal disease screening nationwide as needed.
The health administrative departments of the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may increase the types of neonatal disease screening in their respective administrative regions according to the actual conditions of the medical resources, the needs of the people, and the incidence of diseases in their respective administrative regions.
16. How to establish and improve childcare service support policies and standard and normative systems?
Incorporate care services for infants and young children aged 0 to 3 into the economic and social development plan, strengthen policy guidance, and guide social forces to actively participate by improving support policies such as land, housing, finance, finance, and talent.
Take municipal prefecture-level administrative regions as the unit to formulate overall solutions, establish working mechanisms, and promote the healthy development of childcare services.
Strengthen the training of professional talents, and gradually implement the professional qualification admission system for employees in accordance with the law.
Develop new business formats such as smart childcare, and cultivate national brands in such industries as childcare services, milk powder milk industry, animation design and production.
17. How to vigorously develop various forms of inclusive childcare services?
Give full play to the role of investment guidance and leverage in the central budget to promote the construction of a group of convenient and accessible, affordable, and quality-guaranteed childcare service institutions.
Support qualified employers to provide childcare services for their employees.
Encourage state-owned enterprises and other entities to actively participate in the construction of the inclusive education service system promoted by governments at all levels.
Strengthen the construction of community nursery service facilities, and improve the venues and service facilities for infants and young children in residential communities.
Formulate family nursery school management methods.
Support care modes such as intergenerational care and family mutual assistance.
Support domestic enterprises to expand childcare services.
Encourage and support conditional kindergartens to enroll children between 2 and 3 years old.
18. What is the goal for the construction of infant nurseries during the "14th Five-Year Plan"?
The "Outline" of the "14th Five-Year Plan" lists the number of nurseries as one of the 20 main indicators, and proposes that the number of nurseries for infants and young children under 3 years old per 1,000 population will be increased from the current 1.8 to 4.5 in 2025.
19. How many exemplary inclusive care places are expected to be added during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period?
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the construction of public nursery institutions and the expansion project of inclusive nursery services were implemented, and more than 500,000 new demonstrative inclusive nurseries were added to 150 cities.
20. What measures are there in terms of maternity leave and maternity insurance?
Strictly implement maternity leave, breastfeeding leave and other systems.
Support the places where conditions permit to carry out trials of parental leave for parents and improve the holiday labor cost sharing mechanism.
We will continue to ensure the maternity insurance for the insured female employees' maternity medical expenses, maternity allowances, etc., and ensure the maternity medical expenses of urban and rural residents medical insurance participants to reduce the burden of maternity medical expenses.
21. Can previous family planning families still enjoy the relevant treatment?
For the one-child families and rural family planning double-daughter families before the comprehensive two-child policy adjustment, the current incentive and assistance systems and preferential policies will continue to be implemented.
Explore the establishment of a parent care leave system for the only child.
22. How to adjust the special financial standard for family planning special family?
According to factors such as the level of economic and social development, a special assistance system will be implemented to dynamically adjust the assistance standards.
Since 2011, the subsidy standard has been increased four times. The current special subsidy standard for only-child disability and death is 350 yuan and 450 yuan per person per month, respectively.
23. How to construct a new marriage and childbirth culture?
Carry forward the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, attach importance to family building, pay attention to family, family education, family traditions, respect the social value of childbirth, advocate equality between men and women, marriage and childbirth of the right age, and eugenics, encourage couples to share parenting responsibilities, and eliminate stereotypes and bad habits such as high-priced gifts.