(Authorized to issue) Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Optimizing Fertility Policies to Promote Long-term and Balanced Population Development
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 20th
CPC Central Committee and State Council
About optimizing the fertility policy
The decision to promote the long-term balanced development of the population
(June 26, 2021)
Population development is a major issue related to the development of the Chinese nation.
In order to implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and promote the long-term balanced development of the population, the birth policy is now optimized, and the policy that a couple can have three children is implemented and cancelled Restrictive measures such as social support, clean up and abolish relevant penalties, and implement active childbirth support measures (hereinafter referred to as the implementation of the three-child childbirth policy and supporting support measures), and the following decisions are made.
1. Fully understand the significance of optimizing the birth policy and promoting the long-term balanced development of the population
The party and the state have always adhered to the comprehensive decision-making on population and development, scientifically grasped the laws of population development, and adhered to the basic national policy of family planning, which effectively promoted economic development and social progress and laid a solid foundation for building a well-off society in an all-round way.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has attached great importance to the population issue. According to the situation of my country's population development, it has made major decisions to gradually adjust and improve the fertility policy and promote the long-term balanced development of the population. The work has achieved remarkable results.
At present, it is of great significance to further adapt to the new changes in the demographic situation and to promote the new requirements of high-quality development, and to implement the three-child policy and supporting measures.
(1) It is conducive to improving the population structure and implementing the national strategy to actively respond to the aging of the population.
Aging is a major global population development trend, and it is also a major challenge facing my country's development.
It is expected that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, my country's population will enter a moderately aging stage and a severely aging stage around 2035, which will have a profound impact on all areas of economic operation, all aspects of social construction, and social culture.
The implementation of the three-child birth policy and supporting measures will help release the potential for reproduction, slow down the process of population aging, promote intergenerational harmony, and enhance the overall vitality of society.
(2) Conducive to maintaining the advantages of human resource endowment and coping with major changes unseen in the world in a century.
Population is the main body of social development and a key variable that affects sustainable economic development.
The implementation of the three-child birth policy and supporting support measures will help maintain a moderate population and labor force in the future, better play the fundamental, overall and strategic role of demographic factors, and provide effective human capital support and domestic demand support for high-quality development .
(3) Conducive to smoothing the downward trend of total fertility rate and promoting the realization of an appropriate fertility level.
The concept of fertility among the masses has generally shifted to fewer births and better childbirth. Economic burdens, child care, and women’s concerns about career development have become the main factors restricting fertility.
The implementation of the three-child policy and supporting measures to promote the fertility policy and related economic and social policies will help meet the willingness of more families to reproduce and boost the fertility level.
(4) It is conducive to consolidating the achievements of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and promoting the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.
For a period to come, the basic national conditions of my country's large population will not change, the population and the carrying capacity of resources and the environment will still be in a tight balance, and the contradictions between population and development will still be prominent in poverty-stricken areas and some ecologically fragile and resource-poor areas.
The implementation of the three-child policy and supporting measures will help further consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation and build a well-off society in an all-round way, guide the rational distribution of population in regions, and promote the coordinated and sustainable development of population and economy, society, resources and environment.
2. Guiding ideology, main principles and goals
(5) Guiding ideology.
Adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, based on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, implement the national strategy to actively respond to the aging of the population, implement the three-child policy and supporting measures, and reform service management System, improve family development capabilities, promote the realization of a moderate fertility level, promote long-term balanced population development, and provide a solid foundation and lasting impetus for building a prosperous, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful modern socialist country and realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
(6) Main principles
-Focus on the people.
Conform to the expectations of the people, actively and steadily advance the optimization of the fertility policy, promote the coordination and fairness of the fertility policy, meet the diversified fertility needs of the people, consider marriage, childbirth, parenting, and education, and effectively solve the people's worries, release the fertility potential, and promote family harmony happy.
-Take balance as the main line.
Put the promotion of long-term and balanced population development in the overall situation of the party and the country's work and the overall modernization construction, take into account multiple policy goals, and make overall consideration of population size, quality, structure, and distribution, and promote the coordination of population and economy, society, resources, and environment Sustainable development promotes the all-round development of people.
-Taking reform as the driving force.
Focusing on the prominent contradictions and problems facing my country's population development, focusing on the strategic arrangements for modernization, deepening reforms, removing the ideological concepts, policies, regulations, and institutional mechanisms that affect the long-term balanced development of the population, and improving the ability and level of population governance.
——Guaranteed by the rule of law.
Insist that major reforms are well-founded and implemented in accordance with the law, and transform the long-standing innovative ideas, reform results, and practical experience of the party leading the people in the overall solution of population problems into laws to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people and ensure that the population work in the new era is stable and far-reaching , To ensure the smooth realization of the population development strategy goals.
(7) Main goals
By 2025, the active childbearing support policy system will be basically established, the service management system will be basically complete, the level of prenatal and postnatal care services will be significantly improved, the construction of the inclusive childcare service system will be accelerated, the cost of childbirth, parenting, and education will be significantly reduced, the fertility level will be appropriately improved, and the birth population The sex ratio tends to be normal, the population structure is gradually optimized, and the population quality is further improved.
By 2035, the policy and regulation system for promoting the long-term balanced development of the population will be more complete, the service management mechanism will operate efficiently, the fertility level will be more appropriate, and the population structure will be further improved.
The service level of prenatal and postnatal care and childcare is in line with the needs of the people for a better life, the family development ability has been significantly improved, and the overall development of people has made more obvious substantive progress.
3. Organize and implement the three-child policy
(8) Implement the three-child policy in accordance with the law.
Amend the "Population and Family Planning Law of the People's Republic of China", promote marriage and childbirth of the right age, prenatal and postnatal care, and implement the three-child policy.
All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) comprehensively consider the population development situation, work foundation and policy implementation risks in their respective regions, do a good job of policy linkage, and organize implementation in accordance with the law.
(9) Cancel restrictive measures such as social support payments.
Abolish social support payments, clean up and abolish relevant penalties.
Completely decouple entry, enrollment, employment, etc. from the personal fertility status.
Properly handle issues left over from history in accordance with laws and regulations.
In areas where population development and economic, social, resource, and environmental conflicts are more prominent, strengthen publicity and advocacy, promote the effective connection of relevant welfare policies and fertility policies, and provide precise management services.
(10) Establish a sound population service system.
Focusing on "one old and one small", establish and improve a population service system covering the entire life cycle.
Strengthen the grass-roots service management system and capacity building, and enhance the function of caring for children and providing for the aged.
Implement the birth registration system and do a good job of giving birth consultation and guidance.
Promote the joint operation of birth medical certificates, child vaccinations, household registration, medical insurance participation, and social security card application.
(11) Strengthen population monitoring and situation research and judgment.
Improve the national life registration management system, improve the population monitoring system covering the entire population and the entire life cycle, and closely monitor the fertility situation and population change trends.
Relying on platforms such as the National Population Basic Information Database, realize the integration, sharing and dynamic update of basic information on population services such as education, public security, civil affairs, health, medical insurance, and social insurance.
Establish an indicator system for the long-term balanced development of the population, and improve the population forecast and early warning system.
Fourth, improve the service level of prenatal and postnatal care
(12) Guarantee the health of pregnant women and children.
Fully implement the five systems of maternal and child safety including screening and evaluation of pregnancy risks, project management of high-risk pregnant and lying-in women, treatment of critically ill cases, report of maternal death cases, and notification of interviews.
Implement the maternal and child health protection project, accelerate the standardized construction and standardized management of maternal and child health institutions at all levels, strengthen the capacity for treatment of critically ill pregnant women and newborns and the construction of pediatrics, consolidate the county and village three-level grassroots network, and speed up the shortcomings of public services related to childbirth.
Promote the integration of reproductive health services into the whole process of women's health management.
Strengthen the standardization and standardization of children's health care clinics, and strengthen the screening, diagnosis, and intervention of risk factors and diseases such as myopia, imbalanced nutrition, and dental caries in children and adolescents.
Do a good job in ensuring basic medical care for children.
(13) Comprehensive prevention and treatment of birth defects.
Improve the birth defect prevention network and implement three-level preventive measures.
Strengthen the popularization of relevant knowledge and consultation on the prevention and control of birth defects, strengthen pre-marital health care, promote pre-pregnancy eugenic health check, strengthen pre-natal screening and diagnosis, and promote integrated management services and multidisciplinary collaboration during peri-pregnancy, pre- and post-natal and post-natal periods.
Expand the scope of neonatal disease screening and promote early screening, diagnosis and treatment.
Do a good job in basic medical treatment and rehabilitation assistance for children with birth defects.
(14) Regulate the application of human assisted reproductive technology.
Strengthen planning and guidance, strict technical approvals, and build a human assisted reproductive technology service system with a balanced supply and demand and a reasonable layout.
Strengthen the supervision of human assisted reproductive technology services and strictly regulate the application of related technologies.
Carry out special researches to improve fertility capacity, and standardize infertility diagnosis and treatment services.
V. Develop an inclusive childcare service system
(15) Establish and improve supporting policies and standards and norms systems.
Incorporate care services for infants and young children into economic and social development plans, strengthen policy guidance, and guide social forces to actively participate by improving support policies such as land, housing, finance, finance, and talent.
Take municipal prefecture-level administrative regions as the unit to formulate overall solutions, establish working mechanisms, and promote the healthy development of childcare services.
Strengthen the training of professional talents, and gradually implement the professional qualification admission system for employees in accordance with the law.
Develop new business formats such as smart childcare, and cultivate national brands in such industries as childcare services, milk powder milk industry, animation design and production.
(16) Vigorously develop various forms of inclusive services.
Give full play to the guiding and leveraging role of investment in the central budget to promote the construction of a group of convenient and accessible, affordable, and quality-guaranteed nursery service institutions.
Support qualified employers to provide childcare services for their employees.
Encourage state-owned enterprises and other entities to actively participate in the construction of the inclusive childcare service system promoted by governments at all levels.
Strengthen the construction of community nursery service facilities, and improve the residential community's infant activity venues and service facilities.
Formulate family nursery school management methods.
Support care modes such as intergenerational care and family mutual assistance.
Support domestic enterprises to expand childcare services.
Encourage and support conditional kindergartens to recruit children aged 2 to 3 years.
(17) Strengthen comprehensive supervision.
Various institutions must comply with relevant national and local standards and regulations to provide infant and child care services, and take the main responsibility for the safety and health of infants and young children.
Local governments should assume responsibility for supervision, establish and improve registration and filing systems, information disclosure systems, and evaluation systems, strengthen dynamic management, and establish emergency response mechanisms for special circumstances such as institutional shutdowns.
Sixth, reduce the cost of childbirth, parenting, and education
(18) Improve the maternity leave and maternity insurance system.
Strictly implement maternity leave, breastfeeding leave and other systems.
Support places where conditions permit to carry out trials of parental leave for parents and improve the holiday labor cost sharing mechanism.
We will continue to ensure the maternity insurance for the insured female employees' maternity medical expenses, maternity allowances, etc., and guarantee the maternity medical expenses of urban and rural residents' medical insurance participants, so as to reduce the burden of maternity medical expenses.
(19) Strengthen supporting policies such as taxation and housing.
In conjunction with the next step to amend the personal income tax law, research and promote the inclusion of care expenses for infants and children under the age of 3 as a special additional deduction for personal income tax.
When the local government allocates public rental housing, it can give proper care to families that meet the local housing security conditions and have minor children in the selection of house types according to the number of minor children.
Local governments can study and formulate preferential policies for the implementation of differentiated leasing and housing purchases based on the burden of raising minor children.
(20) Promote educational equity and the supply of high-quality educational resources.
Promote the governance of supporting kindergartens in urban communities, continue to increase the coverage of inclusive kindergartens, and appropriately extend the length of stay in the kindergartens or provide custody services.
Promote the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education and the integration of urban and rural areas, and effectively solve the problem of "school choice fever".
Relying on school educational resources, and based on the principle of inclusive public welfare, comprehensively carry out after-school cultural and sports activities, social practice projects and custody services, and promote the connection between school hours and parents' off work hours.
Improve the teaching quality and education evaluation in schools, and incorporate the frequency and cost of extracurricular training of students into the education supervision system.
Balance the burden of family and school education, and strictly regulate off-campus training.
(21) Protect the legal rights and interests of women in employment.
Regulate the recruitment and recruitment behaviors of employers, enterprises and institutions, and promote equal employment for women.
Implement the "Special Provisions on Labor Protection for Female Employees" and regularly carry out special inspections on the protection of female employees' reproductive rights and interests.
Provide re-employment training public services for women whose employment is interrupted by childbirth
Regarding childbirth-friendliness as an important aspect of employers’ social responsibilities, employers are encouraged to formulate measures that help employees balance work and family relationships, and negotiate and determine flexible leave and flexible working methods that are conducive to caring for infants and young children in accordance with the law.
The current policies and regulations on vacation and working hours shall be revised and improved accordingly.
7. Strengthen the orderly convergence of policy adjustments
(22) Safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of family planning families.
For the one-child families and rural family planning double-daughter families before the comprehensive two-child policy adjustment, the current incentive and assistance systems and preferential policies will continue to be implemented.
Explore the establishment of a parent care leave system for the only child.
Strengthen legislation to protect the legitimate rights and interests of families that respond to the call of the party and the state and implement family planning.
(23) Establish and improve an all-round support and guarantee system for special family planning families.
According to factors such as the level of economic and social development, a special assistance system will be implemented to dynamically adjust the assistance standards.
For eligible family members with special family planning, implement basic old-age care and basic medical security policies; prioritize admission to public old-age care institutions and provide free or low-cost care services; for housing difficulties, priority will be included in housing security.
Where conditions permit, nursing subsidies can be granted to elderly members of special family planning families who cannot take care of themselves for a long time and have financial difficulties.
The funds needed for assistance are well implemented. Where conditions permit, the establishment of public welfare funds or funds can be explored, focusing on helping special families with family planning.
(24) Establish and improve the support and care work mechanism led by the government and participated by social organizations.
Through open bidding, support qualified social organizations to accept the entrustment of family planning special families to provide services such as life care and spiritual comfort, and to handle matters such as admission to elderly care institutions and medical escort in accordance with the law.
Carry out "heart warming action" in depth.
Establish a regular inspection system, implement the "double post" contact system for special family planning families, and build a tight safety net for assistance.
8. Strengthen organization and implementation guarantee
(25) Strengthen the leadership of the party.
Party committees and governments at all levels should improve their political positions, strengthen national conditions and national policy awareness, insist on the top leaders personally grasp and take overall responsibility, adhere to and improve the target management responsibility system, strengthen overall planning, policy coordination and work implementation, and promote the introduction of active childbirth support measures , To ensure that the responsibility is in place, the measures are in place, the investment is in place, and the implementation is in place.
(26) Mobilize social forces.
Strengthen the coordinated governance of the government and society, and give full play to the important role of trade unions, the Communist Youth League, the Women's Federation and other groups in promoting population development, family building, and fertility support.
Actively play the role of family planning associations, strengthen grassroots capacity building, and do a good job in publicity and education, reproductive health consulting services, prenatal and postnatal care guidance, family planning family assistance, rights protection, family health promotion, etc.
Encourage social organizations to carry out public welfare activities such as the popularization of health knowledge and infant care services.
To meet the life needs of the elderly and create a healthy growth environment for infants and young children as a guide, carry out activities to create cities with vitality and development.
(27) Deepen strategic research.
Aiming at building a modern and powerful socialist country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we will continue to deepen the research on the national medium and long-term population development strategy and regional population development planning, improve the population spatial distribution, and optimize the allocation of human resources.
Strengthen the establishment of population disciplines and theoretical systems with Chinese characteristics in the new era, develop high-end population research think tanks, and promote international exchanges and cooperation.
(28) Do a good job of propaganda and guidance.
Strengthen policy publicity and interpretation, unify the ideological actions of various regions and departments and the whole society into the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, guide all sectors of society to correctly understand the structural changes in the population, promote the main theme, gather positive energy, and respond to social concerns in a timely and appropriate manner. Good atmosphere.
Carry forward the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, respect the social value of childbirth, promote marriage and childbirth of the right age, eugenics and childbearing, encourage couples to share the responsibility of childcare, get rid of high-priced gifts and other stereotypes and bad habits, and build a new culture of marriage and childbirth.
(Twenty-nine) strengthen work supervision.
All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) shall, in accordance with the requirements of this decision, formulate implementation plans, pay close attention to the implementation of tasks, and timely study and solve emerging and inclined problems to ensure that the optimization of fertility policies achieves positive results.
The party committees and governments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) report to the Party Central Committee and the State Council on the population work in their respective regions every year, and the central government will conduct supervision and inspections in due course.