New career stage (Sankei Observation)
The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security recently announced the fourth batch of new occupations since the promulgation of the "Occupation Classification Ceremony of the People's Republic of China (2015 Edition)", including used car brokers, service robot application technicians, food safety managers, integrated circuit engineers and technicians, and barter , Carbon Emission Manager, Pipe Gallery Operation and Maintenance Officer and other 18 new professions are among them.
The release of new occupations is of great significance to promoting employment and entrepreneurship, leading the reform of vocational education and training, and promoting industrial development.
This issue of the Sankei edition launches a report on the "New Career Stage" to allow readers to better understand some new careers.
--editor
Carbon Emission Manager Hu Yongfei——
Make a "clear account" for carbon emission reduction
Our reporter Qiu Chaoyi
After my country put forward the carbon peak and carbon neutral targets, reform measures have been implemented one after another.
This year, the national carbon emission rights trading market will be launched for online trading.
To put it simply, the relevant government departments will allocate carbon emission allowances to the company according to the prescribed calculation method. If the company's emissions exceed the standard, it needs to go to the carbon market to purchase the excess emissions quota. If the company's emissions do not exceed the standard, it can sell the surplus allowances. income.
Such a market mechanism will better encourage companies to take the initiative to reduce emissions.
The reason is easy to understand, but this carbon emission is invisible and intangible. How can we measure how much the company has emitted?
Who will account for emissions?
A brand new profession-carbon emission manager, came into being.
Put on your safety helmet and mask. At 8 o'clock in the morning, the reporter followed Hu Yongfei, the carbon emission manager of China National Energy Group Longyuan (Beijing) Carbon Asset Management Technology Co., Ltd., and walked into a thermal power plant in Jiangsu.
"I invite you to come here because I want to give the factory a "clear account" to see if it will exceed the standard." The director of the equipment department of the thermal power plant is straight to the point.
"Okay, hurry up and meet." Hu Yongfei walked into the factory office, and more than 20 department heads in charge of production, operation, operation, testing, fuel, and finance were all here.
"In order to calculate carbon emissions, I need the laboratory team to provide the original records of coal quality testing, the fuel department to provide coal purchase and sales records, the operation department to provide monthly production reports, and the finance department to provide purchase invoices..." After assigning the work to everyone, Hu Yongfei turned The head told reporters that carbon emission management is a delicate task. It is necessary to understand the production and operation of various departments. Many data are related to emissions and directly affect the efficiency of the company.
"Monthly and daily data must not be leaked, and the baht must be compared!"
Hu Yongfei looked at his watch, and it was already 10 o'clock in the morning.
"Go, go to each department and go around." Walking into the equipment department, there was a thick pile of reports on the desk. He picked up a pile and looked at it page by page.
"Lack of last October?" "Yes, we are looking for it." The equipment department staff replied.
"You can't miss a copy of the report. Send me the electronic version first." He warned.
After taking the data from the equipment department, Hu Yongfei rushed to the fuel department non-stop: "I see your purchase, sales and inventory records. You purchased 600,000 tons of coal last month. Why did the operation department provide a coal inventory report of 590,000 tons, a difference of 10,000 tons?" After a while, he came to the laboratory to spot check the test data, and used his mobile phone to take photos for evidence.
"In order to ensure that each data is complete and accurate, sometimes it is necessary to cross-check." Hu Yongfei said, "The production and operation data is varied. Without learning various professional knowledge, it is difficult to understand and find out. Carbon emission management is a technical task."
To become a qualified carbon emission manager, you must not only be familiar with policies on carbon emissions, carbon trading, etc., but also learn professional knowledge of engineering thermodynamics, thermal energy and power engineering. After the company’s system training, you must exercise for at least 1 year before you can be independent. Induction.
After all the departments were transferred, another 2 hours passed.
Ignoring lunch, Hu Yongfei walked into the factory to check the monitoring equipment.
Passing through the rumbling generator set and entering the electronic equipment room, he recorded the meter number, accuracy and power generation one by one; then he walked into the fuel control center to check the value of the coal conveyor belt scale; walked into the boiler oil tank area to check Flow meter, calculating oil inventory... Hu Yongfei shuttled back and forth, upstairs and downstairs, the number of steps in his mobile phone went up, and soon exceeded 10,000 steps.
"Carbon emission management is also individual work!"
When all kinds of data were imported into the computer, Hu Yongfei quickly figured out the power supply emission intensity of thermal power plants.
As a 1000 MW ultra-supercritical pure condensing unit, the conventional carbon emission intensity in the industry is about 0.8 tons/MWh. The emission intensity of this thermal power plant is lower than this value, which means that the power plant’s quota will be surplus and it can be used in the future. Sell it on the market to get a profit.
What did this thermal power plant do right?
"I think it is due to the fact that companies have strictly carried out the actual measurement of coal-burning elements in the coal-burning test. Some power plants do not pay attention to this work, resulting in data exceeding the standard, and the emission intensity may be 30% higher." Hu Yongfei said that relevant companies should pay attention Regarding carbon emissions, ensure that the measured data is accurate, otherwise you will pay a high cost of carbon emissions.
It's 5 o'clock in the afternoon when we walk through the factory door.
In the next week, Hu Yongfei will write a detailed analysis report to provide a scientific reference for enterprises to adjust their strategies and save energy and reduce emissions.
Although there is no rest at the end of the day, he is still very motivated: "The big goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality must be achieved, and accurate emission data is the basis. With us, we will consolidate the foundation and have the executor, and the pace of green development will be talented. Step forward more solidly."
Service Robot Application Technician Zheng Yue——
Make robots more "smart"
Our reporter Han Xin
"Little Leopard Little Leopard, please take me to the gift shop." As soon as the voice fell, a robot with a square head and big eyes greeted him, introducing himself and slowly leading the way.
After arriving at the end, it stopped to explain carefully, guiding tourists to listen and watch, attracting a burst of praise.
The special "interpreter" in front of me is a service robot recently put into operation in a museum in Beijing.
"This'smart' robot is not born so'multi-talented'. How to make the robot'open up' is our job." said Zheng Yue, a service robot application technician at Cheetah Mobile.
"Let the robot'open up'" in Zheng Yue's mouth is to guide them to work smoothly in specific application scenarios by adapting, installing and debugging the robot's environment perception, motion control, human-computer interaction and other functions. "In a word, Robots serve people, and we serve robots."
Before Zheng Yue starts work, he must fully understand the needs of customers.
"Whether it is configured on the same floor?" "Where is the reception point set?" "What functions do you want to achieve"... "Communicate clearly in advance and deploy on site to get twice the result with half the effort." Zheng Yue gives an example, some customers want to modify the robot appearance. However, radar and infrared sensing systems are distributed on the surface of the robot, which requires timely feedback of customer needs to the product development team to complete personalized customization without affecting the use of the equipment.
As a communication bridge between customers and R&D, a qualified service robot application technician must be familiar with product performance.
"Cheetah Mobile's service robot's "legs" uses a self-developed indoor navigation system, which can optimize routes and actively avoid obstacles, but the climbing slope cannot be higher than 8 degrees, which has certain constraints on the scene and terrain." And product characteristics, Zheng Yue is as precious as every family.
In response to the battery life issues that customers care about, he can always respond in time, "The robot can work at least 8 hours a day, and by setting automatic recharging, it can achieve full-day battery life."
The key to service robots is application.
"After the robot enters the venue, it is the time for us to really show our skills." Zheng Yue opened the Orion Intelligent Robot Cloud Platform on the tablet. "After binding the corresponding account, the museum wants to realize the introduction of the venue, human-computer interaction and map guidance. Major functions such as viewing can be realized here."
Through the visual recognition system, as long as it senses someone coming oncoming, the service robot will automatically wake up. At this time, it needs to activate its first main function-human-computer interaction.
I saw Zheng Yue click on the question and answer corpus on the platform and quickly input the question and answer materials prepared in advance by the museum.
"It is necessary to'feed' the various questions that may be collected to the robot, and let it learn the corresponding relationship in the question and answer according to the algorithm, in order to avoid the situation where the answer is not the question."
"Little Leopard Little Leopard, introduce the museum." Zheng Yue clicked "Publish" on the platform, and the robot on the side spoke in a cute childlike voice and explained fluently.
"The current corpus cannot exhaust all the questioning methods of tourists, but it will learn deeply and continuously optimize in practice, and become more'smart'." Zheng Yue laughed, "This is called'the master leads the door, and the practice lies in the individual. '!"
For museums, smart guided tours are essential.
"To let the robot lead the way, you must first teach it to recognize the way." With that, Zheng Yue turned on the robot's radar system and guided it around in the passable area. Through its "eyes", a complete topographic map of the museum gradually appeared. In the cloud platform.
"After the map is completed, the map must be edited a second time and the restricted area is set to ensure the robot's "regular walking"."
"A competent service robot application technician should be a trainer of robots, not only to help it "enlighten", but also to help its progress." More than 5 years in the industry, Zheng Yue has witnessed the progress of service robots-from the beginning of face recognition It is not accurate enough to accurately distinguish gender and age in the crowd; from the weak obstacle avoidance function in the early stage to now being able to shuttle freely in the flow of people... Behind this is the repeated demand feedback and auxiliary optimization of application technicians.
Reduce manual settings, automatic map switching... In Zheng Yue's work log, the new needs of customers are recorded.
"Only when service robots are more'smart' and can be applied to more scenarios can they bring more convenience to people's lives. This is our direction." Zheng Yue is optimistic about his career prospects.
In recent years, as the aging of the population has continued to deepen, the working-age population has decreased and labor costs have risen, he has clearly felt that the demand for service robots in various industries has increased rapidly.
The smart education section of Cheetah Mobile is co-constructing with a number of colleges and universities, and is committed to delivering more professional and technical talents to the society. "I believe that more talents will join in soon." Zheng Yue said.
Liu Dongqi, the operation and maintenance staff of the pipe gallery——
Taking the pulse of the underground "lifeline"
Our reporter Ding Yiting
In early summer, do you still need to wear long trousers to work in Beijing?
"If you stay here for a day, you may feel warm in winter and cool in summer. In fact, it is very humid and shady here, and water drops on the top of the rainy season. Like our long-term inspections, we wear long trousers to protect joints. I took it off in July and August." Liu Dong, a pipe corridor operator, explained with a smile when he heard the reporter's question.
Liu Dongqi's inspection site is 18 meters underground, located in the underground comprehensive pipeline gallery of the Tongzhou Canal Business District in Beijing.
Don't care about the corridor hidden underground, but it is the "lifeline" of the city.
In this "underground city", there is a "big room" for water supply, power supply, communication, heat, and garbage pipes, which are arranged in order.
Speaking of the function of the underground pipe gallery, Liu Dongqi is very proud: "Because of the underground pipe gallery, we can't see the "cobwebs" that weave in the air in the past, and the opening and closing of the "road zipper"."
52-year-old Liu Dongqi, wearing a reflective vest and a white hard hat, told reporters about his personal tools: "Look, this is an electric pen, a cross knife, a flashlight, this is a wrench, a screwdriver... are all necessary during inspections. Indispensable."
The inspection officially began. The first entry was the water tank, which was about 2.8 meters high and 3 meters wide, with water pipes and reclaimed water pipes on both sides.
After walking forward for a while, an escalator appeared, and Liu Dong got up and climbed up, "This is the equipment mezzanine, where some ventilation and electrical equipment are arranged. Every time you need to climb up to see if it is operating normally." One time, he found an emergency lighting cabinet. The battery inside is overheated. Fortunately, it is handled in time to avoid potential safety hazards.
"In fact, our work is a bit like seeing, smelling, and eagerness in traditional Chinese medicine. The eyes, ears, and nose have to be highly sensitive." Liu Dongqi introduced, for example, whether there is an odor and whether there is any leakage. "In particular, pay attention to whether there is a pipeline. The sound of water leakage enters the flood season. Once water leakage occurs, it will seriously affect the safe use of equipment and pipelines in the pipe gallery."
Coming to the pneumatic garbage compartment, there is a blue pipe with a diameter of about 50 centimeters.
It was still very quiet. Suddenly, the voice of "swift..." came out, "Is there something abnormal in the pipeline?" He told reporters that this is actually the normal sound of the pneumatic garbage collection system conveying garbage, "When the garbage reaches the feeding port After a certain amount, the station fan generates negative pressure, and the waste will be sent to the treatment terminal through the blue pipe at a speed of 70 to 80 kilometers per hour. After full load operation, more than 20 tons of waste can be collected every day."
The pipeline of a cabin is about 1.9 kilometers long, and the inspection takes about 40 minutes.
"We carry out inspections, and we have to know a little about ventilation, drainage, electricity, fire protection and other majors." Liu Dongqi told reporters that they have to complete inspections of 5 cabins twice a week, which is about 20 kilometers, and they have to go every year. 1000 kilometers.
"The underground space is so closed, with 5 cabins going back and forth, except for pipes, which are equipment. Is it boring?" the reporter asked.
While checking the equipment, Master Liu replied, "I have a look every day, and I feel emotional, like a friend."
With the advancement of technology, there are now many intelligent equipment to assist operation and maintenance work.
For example, the temperature-sensing optical fiber arranged in the power cabin can sense the cabin temperature in real time, alarm when the temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, and activate the ultra-fine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing device in parallel to extinguish the fire.
Liu Dongqi said frankly that as the degree of intelligence increases, pipeline corridor operators must learn more new knowledge.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, my country has started construction of more than 5,000 kilometers of urban underground comprehensive pipeline corridors, and the demand for pipeline corridor operation and maintenance personnel is also increasing.
In March of this year, Guangzhou Guanggang Gold Industry Group initiated an application, and the pipeline corridor operation and maintenance staff was officially included in the professional ceremony as a new profession.
In this underground integrated pipe gallery, there are more than 30 people working on the pipe gallery operation and maintenance with Master Liu, the youngest in his 30s.
When the reporter asked what he thought about the new profession of pipe corridor operation and maintenance personnel, Liu Dongqi pursed his lips, and replied with some embarrassment: "In fact, it is to work hard, but the release of the official professional name makes us feel The recognition of the society also believes that this profession has greater development potential in the future."
Layout design: Shen Yiling