The Yangtze River, flowing down from Tanggula Mountain, not only gave birth to a long-standing Chinese civilization, but also gave birth to a vast economic belt in the hinterland.
The rapid economic and social development of the Yangtze River Basin has become an important support for China's economy.
However, the long-term extensive development has also made the Yangtze River overwhelmed.
"We must not allow the ecological environment of the Yangtze River to continue to deteriorate in the hands of our generation. We must leave a clean and beautiful Yangtze River for future generations!" Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has made a scientific plan. Deploy and implement the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
In 2014, the "Guiding Opinions on Relying on the Golden Waterway to Promote the Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt" was officially released; in 2016, in Chongqing, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the symposium on promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, "Together to protect and not to develop" ; In 2018, Wuhan, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that “promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a major decision made by the Party Central Committee and a major strategy related to the overall development of the country.” In 2020, Nanjing, General Secretary Xi Jinping presided over the comprehensive promotion of the Yangtze River Economic Belt Development Symposium; On March 1, 2021, the Yangtze River Protection Law was formally implemented.
Nowadays, the river is shining and several finless porpoises jump out of the water to play; the "golden waterway" of the Yangtze River is getting busier and smoother, and a river of clear water is flowing eastward...
Breaking the Dilemma: Restoring the Ecological Environment and Cure the "Yangtze River Disease"
Ascending the river, to the first-level tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River-Tuojiang, Huang Shugao is conducting daily patrolling tasks to check for garbage, sewage discharge and floating debris along the line.
This river chief from the south section of Dongbin Road, Shehongba Street, Jianyang City, Sichuan Province, has guarded the two-kilometer section of the Tuojiang River for more than 1,000 days.
Starting from the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Tuojiang River flows through Sichuan Deyang, Chengdu, Ziyang, Neijiang and other cities, with more than 60 large and small tributaries. With 3.5% of the province’s water resources, it carries nearly one-third of the province’s total economic output. A quarter of the population.
It is also precisely because of the large carrying capacity, and in the past "sing their own tunes and blowing their own trumpets", most of the time along the main stream of the Tuojiang River was inferior to Grade 5 water quality. The local people joked that "the fish are all stunned."
In the past, Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake, the "double kidneys" of the Yangtze River, had frequently bottomed out due to frequent droughts. Nearly 30% of important lakes and reservoirs were in a state of eutrophication. The biological integrity index of the Yangtze River reached the worst "fish-free" level...Mother River "disease" ", and he’s not too ill.
In order to cure the "Yangtze River Disease", General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the symposium on promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt held in Chongqing in January 2016 that the restoration of the Yangtze River's ecological environment must be placed in an overwhelming position at present and for a long period of time in the future. We must pay attention to major protection and not engage in major development.
Facing the problem of ecological protection in the Yangtze River Basin, Sichuan has established more than 10,000 river leaders at the five levels of provinces, cities, counties, townships, and villages, and improved the working mechanisms of river leaders’ meetings, information sharing, and river inspections, so as to achieve various types of rivers and lakes Long-term seamless connection and grid management, and the water quality compliance path of the river basin is clear by year and by unit, so that the management and protection tasks of rivers and lakes can be implemented and effective.
Since 2017, Sichuan has invested a total of 40 billion yuan in the construction of river basin environmental infrastructure and the improvement of black and odorous water bodies.
Huang Shugao witnessed the improvement of the ecological environment of the Tuojiang River.
Today's Tuojiang River has clear waters and green banks and beautiful scenery. The monitoring section has been stable above the third-class water quality throughout the year. The dragon boat race, which has not been seen for many years, has returned to the Tuojiang River.
The rectification of the black and odorous water bodies in 105 cities in Sichuan Province has been completed. The water quality of centralized drinking water sources in cities in the Yangtze River Basin and above is 100% of Grade III or better, realizing a sustainable and long flow of clear water.
From Bashan Shushui to Jiangnan Water Village, for more than five years, provinces and cities along the Yangtze River have always placed the restoration of the Yangtze River's ecological environment in an overwhelming position, which has brought about a turning point in the ecological and environmental protection of the Yangtze River Economic Zone.
Located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Jiangsu insists on focusing on restoring the ecology of the Yangtze River. The “Ten-Year Ban Fishing” on the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River has been fully implemented. 596 coastline projects have been cleaned up. The proportion of ecological coastlines has increased to 62.1% and 20 features along the river. The demonstration section covers 157.4 kilometers of the coastline of the Yangtze River. The water quality of the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River is stable and excellent, and the ecology along the river has reached its best level in many years.
Promote collaboration: establish a long-term mechanism to stimulate the vitality of the mother river
"Which pollutants are polluting the waters of the Tuojiang River? How to reduce emissions and prevent them?" Every once in a while, the Sichuan Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment will convene experts for consultation.
This is one of a series of measures taken by Sichuan to establish and improve a scientific and technological support system based on precise pollution control.
After the establishment of the Tuojiang River Governance Expert Advisory Group and the River Basin Environmental Research Institute, Sichuan has convened 14 expert consultations and added 59 national, provincial, and municipal water quality automatic monitoring stations. It is the first in the country to achieve 48-hour forecast and early warning for scientific water treatment and pollution control in the river basin. Provides a strong guarantee.
In November 2020, at the symposium on comprehensively promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt held in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that we must start from the integrity of the ecosystem and the system of the river basin, trace the source, and treat systematically to prevent headaches. Foot pain medical foot.
It is necessary to find the root cause of the problem and systematically carry out restoration and protection of the ecological environment from the source.
Chemical pollution is one of the main reasons for the increasingly serious environmental pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Zone.
The heavy chemical industry along the Yangtze River has a high-density layout and a large pollutant emission base. Wastewater, chemical oxygen demand, and ammonia nitrogen emissions account for 43%, 37%, and 43% of the country, respectively.
The Yangtze River traverses Jiangsu for 433 kilometers, with a total coastline of 1,169 kilometers. Eighty percent of the water used for production and living in the province comes from the Yangtze River. It was also one of the most obvious areas of "chemical encirclement of the river".
In order to further promote the pollution control of the whole chain, Jiangsu shut down 995 chemical enterprises, cancelled 11 chemical park positioning, and made breakthrough progress in cracking the "chemical encirclement of the river".
Under the premise of doing a good job in protection, Jiangsu strives to strengthen top-level design, simultaneously accelerate the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, optimize industrial layout, and enhance innovation capabilities. The output value of strategic emerging industries and high-tech industries account for 37.8 of the planned total industrial output value. % And 46.5%.
"The "color" of the Yangtze River has improved!" In recent years, Nanjing finless porpoise observation volunteer Yao Bin has often seen finless porpoises playing in the water.
He said: “The finless porpoise is an indicator species of the Yangtze River ecosystem. There are currently more than 50 wild finless porpoises in the Yangtze River section of Nanjing alone. The frequent appearance of the finless porpoise is a silent praise for vigorously rectifying the “chemical surrounding the river” and continuing to restore the ecology.”
Lixinye: Playing the "Concerto" for high-quality development
Yonglian Village, Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu Province, is close to the Yangtze River.
In the past, there was a group of villagers engaged in fishing in the village, and a professional fishing fleet for saury from the Yangtze River was established.
Facing the requirement of great protection of the Yangtze River, the fishermen did not hesitate at all. They decided to sail all the fishing boats from the Yangtze River into the inland river, and hand over the fishing gear and fishing boats to the village to thoroughly "wash their feet and go ashore."
In the early development of rural tourism in Yonglian Village, the slogan of "Eating Jiang Fresh to Yonglian" was put forward.
In the context of the sustainable development of the Yangtze River, the village changed its thinking: "We cancelled the Jiangxian Food Festival, which had been held for 9 consecutive years, and transformed the Jiangnan Agricultural Cultural Park into a theme park integrating cute pet paradise and workshop street." Wu Huifang, Secretary of the Party Committee of Yonglian Village, introduced.
“The ecological and environmental protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has undergone a turning point and historic achievements have been made in economic and social development. It has realized protection in development and development in protection.” General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that ecological environment protection and economic development are not contradictory relations. , But the relationship of dialectical unity.
Only by laying out the background of green development, will there be a triumphant progress in future development.
From Qinghai to Shanghai, provinces and cities along the Yangtze River continue to explore new paths for ecological priority and green development.
Farmers in Xingshan County, Yichang City, Hubei Province have served the "rice bowl" of green development.
"Since I have a new job, I am very motivated as a whole, and my mentality is different." The "new job" described by Zhong Jiaxi, a villager in Xiakou Township, Xingshan, is precisely a photovoltaic public welfare position.
In the depths of the Xiajiang River, the largest photovoltaic power station in Yichang-Pu'an photovoltaic power station is lined up.
From June 2018 to March 2021, the Pu'an Power Station generated 63.7 million kilowatt-hours of electricity, reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 66,200 tons, which is equivalent to the annual absorption of 27,100 mu of forest.
Through centralized construction, multi-village joint construction, and single-village construction, Xingshan has built 7 photovoltaic poverty alleviation power stations with a total installed capacity of 41.537 megawatts, and the income distribution is related to 5649 poor households in 94 villages.
Promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is not only a tough battle, but also a protracted battle.
In March of this year, with the completion of the plastic concrete pouring of the last section of the cutoff wall of the cofferdam, the lower impervious body of the cofferdam in the first diversion phase of the Hubei Hanjiang Xinji Hydropower Project was completed as scheduled.
After the project is completed, it will have an environmentally friendly superimposed effect with the 10-year ban on fishing on the Han River, effectively improving the ecological environment of the Xiangyang section of the Han River and promoting high-quality development.
The wind is moving, the turtles and snakes are quiet, and they are ambitious.
The magnificent blueprint has been drawn. The Yangtze River Economic Belt, which has entered a new stage of development, is becoming the main battlefield of my country's ecological priority green development, smoothing the domestic and international dual-cycle aorta, and leading the main force of high-quality economic development.
Thousands of miles of the Yangtze River rushes continuously. Standing at the forefront of the new era, it is even more necessary to strengthen the confidence in comprehensively promoting the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
(Our reporter Li Xiaodong, Zhou Hongshuang, Su Yan, Xia Jing, Zhang Rui, our reporter's trainee Chen Guanhe, our reporter's correspondent Wei Xiaofei)