Strive to become the world's major science center and innovation highland
Xi Jinping
Since the beginning of the 21st century, global technological innovation has entered an unprecedentedly intensive and active period. A new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is reconstructing the global innovation landscape and reshaping the global economic structure.
The new generation of information technology represented by artificial intelligence, quantum information, mobile communications, Internet of Things, and blockchain accelerates breakthrough applications, and the life sciences represented by synthetic biology, gene editing, brain science, and regenerative medicine have nurtured new Revolution, advanced manufacturing technology integrating robotics, digitization, and new materials is accelerating the transformation of manufacturing to intelligent, service-oriented, and green manufacturing. Accelerated development of energy technology with the goal of clean, efficient and sustainable will trigger a global energy revolution, space and ocean Technology is expanding the territory of human survival and development.
In short, original breakthroughs in information, life, manufacturing, energy, space, oceans, etc. provide more innovative sources for cutting-edge technologies and disruptive technologies, between disciplines, between science and technology, between technologies, between natural sciences and humanities and society. Science is increasingly showing a trend of cross-integration. Science and technology have never had such a profound impact on the future and destiny of a country, and have never had such a profound impact on people's lives and well-being.
At present, there are still some outstanding problems in the field of science and technology that need to be solved urgently. In particular, compared with the new tasks and requirements put forward by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, there are many problems in the field of science and technology in my country in terms of vision, innovation capabilities, resource allocation, and institutional policies. Place to adapt.
The shortcomings of basic scientific research in our country are still outstanding. Enterprises do not pay enough attention to basic research, lack of major original results, insufficient underlying basic technology and basic process capabilities, industrial host computers, high-end chips, basic software and hardware, development platforms, basic algorithms, and basic components Bottlenecks such as, basic materials, etc. are still prominent, and the situation where key core technologies are constrained by others has not been fundamentally changed.
The bottleneck and demand of my country's technological R&D focus on industrial development are not enough, and it is not enough to plan technological open cooperation with a global perspective, and the ability to transform scientific and technological achievements is not strong.
my country's talent development system is not perfect, the incentive mechanism to stimulate talent innovation and creativity is not perfect, and top talents and teams are relatively lacking.
my country's science and technology management system cannot fully meet the needs of building a world's science and technology power. Many major decisions in the reform of the science and technology system have not yet formed a joint force. The integration of science and technology innovation policies with economic and industrial policies is not enough. The whole society encourages innovation and tolerates innovation. And the environment needs to be optimized.
On May 28, 2018, the 19th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the 14th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Engineering were grandly opened in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission attended the meeting and delivered an important speech.
Xinhua News Agency reporter Ju Peng/photo
For China to prosper and rejuvenate, it must vigorously develop science and technology and strive to become the world's major science center and innovation highland.
We are closer to the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history, and we need to build a world scientific and technological power more than at any time in history!
Now, we are welcoming a new round of historical convergence between the world's technological revolution and industrial transformation and my country's transformation of development mode. We are faced with a rare historical opportunity as well as a severe challenge of widening the gap.
We must be soberly aware that some historical exchange periods may produce resonance at the same frequency, and some historical exchange periods may also pass by.
The situation is pressing, the challenge is pressing, and the mission is pressing.
The vast number of scientific and technological workers in our country must grasp the general trend, seize the opportunity, face the problems directly, rise to the difficulties, aim at the frontier of world science and technology, lead the direction of scientific and technological development, shoulder the heavy responsibility given by history, and be the vanguard of scientific and technological innovation in the new era.
First, fully understand that innovation is the first driving force, provide high-quality scientific and technological supplies, and focus on supporting the construction of a modern economic system.
In the Mojing, it is stated that “force is the reason why form is vigorous”, which means that power is the cause of the movement of objects.
It is necessary to focus on improving the quality and efficiency of development, to support the supply-side structural reform as the main line, and to improve the quality of the supply system as the main direction to promote economic development quality reforms, efficiency reforms, and power reforms, and significantly enhance my country's economic quality advantages.
It is necessary to make up for shortcomings, tap potential, and increase advantages to promote the efficient flow of resource elements and the optimal allocation of resources, promote the reengineering of the industrial chain and the upgrading of the value chain, meet effective demand and potential demand, achieve supply-demand matching and dynamic balanced development, and improve market development expectations , Boosting confidence in the development of the real economy.
The world is entering a period of economic development dominated by the information industry.
We must grasp the opportunity of the integration and development of digitization, networking, and intelligence, and use information and intelligence as levers to cultivate new kinetic energy.
It is necessary to highlight the leadingness and pillars, give priority to cultivating and vigorously develop a number of strategic emerging industrial clusters, and build new pillars of the industrial system.
It is necessary to promote the deep integration of the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence with the real economy to make the digital economy bigger and stronger.
It is necessary to focus on intelligent manufacturing to promote industrial technological transformation and optimization and upgrading, to promote the fundamental transformation of the manufacturing industry model and corporate form, to promote the "innovation" with "innovation" to drive the "innovation", to drive the stock with increments, and to promote my country's industry towards global value High-end in the chain.
Second, we are determined to innovate independently, strengthen our confidence in innovation, and focus on enhancing our capacity for independent innovation.
Only a confident country and nation can move forward steadily on the road to the future.
The trees are tall and leafy, tied to deep roots.
Self-reliance is the basis for the struggle of the Chinese nation to stand on its own among the nations of the world, and independent innovation is the only way for us to climb the world's technological peaks.
"If I believe that it is feasible, it will be difficult to move mountains and fill the sea, and there will be a day of success; if I believe that it is not feasible, it will be easy to turn back and forth, and there will be no time to take effect." Innovation has always been a life of nine deaths, but We must have the pride of "being good at the heart, even though we die, we still have no regrets".
The vast number of scientific and technological workers in my country must have strong confidence and determination to innovate, neither arrogantly underestimate themselves, nor arrogantly arrogant, have the courage to overcome difficulties, pursue excellence, win victory, and actively seize the commanding heights of technological competition and future development.
Practice has repeatedly told us that key core technologies are not available, not bought, and not available for purchase.
Only by mastering key core technologies in our own hands can we fundamentally guarantee national economic security, national defense security, and other security.
It is necessary to strengthen the "four self-confidence", take key common technologies, cutting-edge leading technologies, modern engineering technology, and disruptive technological innovations as breakthrough points, dare to take the road that no one has traveled before, and strive to realize the independent control of key core technologies and take the initiative to innovate Rights and development initiative are firmly in their own hands.
To build a world power in science and technology, we must have landmark scientific and technological achievements.
It is necessary to strengthen strategic orientation and goal guidance, strengthen the ability of the scientific and technological innovation system, accelerate the construction of first-mover advantages that support high-end leadership, strengthen the research and deployment of fundamental and overall scientific issues, and make great efforts in key areas and areas where the neck is stuck. Elite forces, make strategic arrangements, make breakthroughs as soon as possible, and strive to realize the strategic transformation of my country's overall technological level from following to parallel and leading, becoming a leader in important scientific and technological fields, becoming a pioneer in emerging frontier cross-fields, and creating more Competitive advantages.
To satisfy the people's yearning for a better life as the foothold of technological innovation, and to benefit, benefit, enrich, and improve people's livelihood is an important direction of technological innovation.
From February 3 to 5, 2021, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission came to Guizhou for investigation and research, visited and condoned cadres and masses of all ethnic groups, and extended a beautiful New Year blessing to the people of all ethnic groups across the country.
It was the morning of the 5th. Xi Jinping watched the "China Sky Eye" scene through video, had cordial exchanges with representatives of scientific and technological workers in the general control room, and paid New Year's greetings to the vast number of scientific and technological workers across the country.
Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xueren/photo
Basic research is the source of the entire scientific system.
We must aim at the forefront of world science and technology, grasp the general trend, play "first move", lay a good foundation, reserve long-term, be willing to sit on the bench, dare to be a planter and well digger, and achieve forward-looking basic research and leading original results Major breakthroughs will lay a solid foundation for building a world power in science and technology.
It is necessary to increase the intensity of applied basic research, take the promotion of major scientific and technological projects as the starting point, open up the "last mile", remove the "fence wall" that hinders industrialization, clear the fast lane of applied basic research and industrialization, and promote the innovation chain and Accurate docking of the industrial chain, speed up the transformation of scientific research results from samples to products to commodities, and fully apply scientific and technological achievements to modernization.
Engineering technology is the engine of human progress and a powerful lever for industrial revolution, economic development, and social progress.
The majority of engineering science and technology workers must have the spirit of craftsmanship as well as the spirit of unity. Focusing on major national strategic needs, aiming at economic construction and major engineering science and technology issues related to national security, closely following the real needs of society and people’s livelihood in the new era and the needs of military-civilian integration. Accelerate the transformation and application of independent innovation achievements, and take the initiative in forward-looking and strategic areas.
On September 11, 2020, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission hosted a symposium of scientists in Beijing and delivered an important speech.
Xinhua News Agency reporter Yao Dawei/photo
Third, comprehensively deepen the reform of the science and technology system, improve the efficiency of the innovation system, and focus on stimulating the vitality of innovation.
Innovation will win the future, and reform is vital to the nation’s fortunes.
The field of science and technology is the most in need of continuous reform.
On June 9, 2014, I emphasized in my speech at the Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Sciences that the most urgent thing to promote independent innovation is to break the barriers of the system and mechanism, and to maximize the liberation and stimulation of the huge potential of science and technology as the primary productive force.
Focusing on these key tasks, we have vigorously promoted the reform of the science and technology system over the years. The reform of the science and technology system has made full efforts, made multiple breakthroughs, and developed in-depth. The main structure of the reform of the science and technology system has been established, and substantial breakthroughs have been made in reforms in important areas and key links.
In August 2015, the Party Central Committee and the State Council issued the "Implementation Plan for Deepening the Reform of the Science and Technology System", which deployed 143 reform tasks to be completed by 2020, and more than 110 reform tasks have been completed.
We have all made substantial breakthroughs in the problems that have existed in the field of science and technology that we have been trying to solve but have not been able to solve for many years.
At the same time, there are still some outstanding problems to be solved in the reform of the science and technology system. The main reason is that the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system is not strong, and the problems of fragmentation, duplication, and inefficiency of science and technology innovation resources have not been fundamentally solved. "There are many projects and many hats." The phenomenon of “multiple brands” is still prominent, the output efficiency of scientific and technological inputs is not high, the ability to transfer and transform scientific and technological achievements, realize industrialization, and create market value is insufficient, and scientific research institutes are reformed, and the mechanism of combining science and technology with finance is established and innovative. The progress in areas such as personnel training lags behind the overall progress, and the enthusiasm of scientific researchers to carry out original scientific and technological innovation has not been fully stimulated, and so on.
This year marks the 40th anniversary of my country's reform and opening up.
The determination to comprehensively deepen reform in the new era cannot be shaken, and courage cannot be weakened.
The reform of the scientific and technological system must dare to gnaw hard bones, dare to venture into dangerous beaches, overcome difficulties, and remove all ideological and institutional barriers that restrict scientific and technological innovation.
We must adhere to the "two-wheel drive" of technological innovation and institutional innovation, be problem-oriented, demand-driven, work hard on practical carriers, institutional arrangements, policy guarantees, and environment creation, and focus on innovation subjects, innovation foundations, innovation resources, and innovation environments. Continued efforts in other areas to strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength and enhance the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system.
It is necessary to optimize and strengthen the top-level design of the technological innovation system, clarify the functional positioning of the innovation entities of enterprises, universities, and research institutes in different links of the innovation chain, and stimulate the innovation passion and vitality of various entities.
It is necessary to accelerate the transformation of the government's scientific and technological management functions and give full play to organizational advantages.
The enterprise is the main body of innovation and the new force that promotes innovation and creation.
As Engels said: "Once society has technical needs, this need will push science forward more than ten universities." To promote enterprises to become the main body of technological innovation decision-making, R&D investment, scientific research organization and achievement transformation , To cultivate a group of innovative leading enterprises with outstanding core technical capabilities and strong integrated innovation capabilities.
It is necessary to give play to the market's guiding role in the direction of technology research and development, route selection, factor prices, and allocation of various innovative factors, so that the market truly plays a decisive role in the allocation of innovative resources.
It is necessary to improve long-term mechanisms such as policy support, factor input, incentive guarantees, and service supervision to promote the vigorous development of new technologies, new products, and new business formats.
It is necessary to speed up the transformation and application of innovative achievements, thoroughly clear the barriers, and break the bottleneck of the "one-stop" transformation of technological breakthroughs, product manufacturing, market models, and industrial development.
It is necessary to build national laboratories with high standards, and promote the overall arrangement and optimization of large science plans, large science projects, large science centers, and international scientific and technological innovation bases.
It is necessary to accelerate the establishment of a scientific and technological decision-making mechanism for scientific and technological consultation to support administrative decision-making, pay attention to the role of think tanks and professional research institutions, improve the scientific and technological decision-making mechanism, and improve scientific decision-making capabilities.
It is necessary to accelerate the construction of a military-civilian integration development system, improve the organization and management system, work operation system, and policy system of military-civilian integration, and remove obstacles to "civilian participation in the military" and "military-civilian conversion".
It is necessary to increase the enforcement of intellectual property protection and improve the intellectual property service system.
On May 30, 2016, I emphasized in my speeches at the National Conference on Science and Technology Innovation, the Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ninth National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology that we must focus on reforming and innovating the use and management of scientific research funding, so that funding is human. Creative activities serve, but not allow people’s creative activities to serve funds; it is necessary to reform the science and technology evaluation system, establish a classification evaluation system oriented on the quality, contribution, and performance of scientific and technological innovation, and correctly evaluate the scientific value, technological value, and economic value of scientific and technological innovation results Value, social value, cultural value.
We have successively introduced several important reform plans, including the "Plan on Deepening the Reform of the Management of Central Fiscal Science and Technology Programs (Special Projects, Funds, etc.)", "Several Opinions on Further Improving the Fund Management of Central Fiscal Research Projects", and "Regarding Implementation Several Opinions on the Distribution Policy Oriented to Increase the Value of Knowledge, the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform of the Talent Evaluation Mechanism by Classification, and the Plan on Deepening the Reform of the Science and Technology Reward System have been warmly welcomed by the majority of scientific and technological workers.
Everyone reflects that these reforms still need to be improved, and some have not yet been fully implemented. The relevant departments must listen carefully to everyone’s opinions and suggestions, continue to resolutely advance, and remove people’s creative activities from unreasonable funding management, talent evaluation and other systems. Liberate.
Fourth, participate in global scientific and technological governance, contribute Chinese wisdom, and strive to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
Science and technology are global and contemporary, and the development of science and technology must have a global perspective.
Don't reject the crowds, and the rivers and the seas.
Independent innovation is an innovation in an open environment. It must not be done behind closed doors. Instead, it must gather the spirit of the world and borrow from all directions.
It is necessary to deepen international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation, promote independent innovation from a higher starting point, actively deploy and actively use international innovation resources, and strive to build a win-win partnership to jointly respond to future development, food security, energy security, human health, and climate change. Waiting for the common challenges of mankind, while achieving its own development, it will benefit more other countries and people, and promote balanced development on a global scale.
We must persist in planning and promoting scientific and technological innovation with a global perspective, strengthen international cooperation in scientific and technological innovation in an all-round way, actively integrate into the global scientific and technological innovation network, improve the level of opening up of national scientific and technological plans, actively participate in and lead international scientific plans and projects, and encourage Chinese scientists to initiate And organize international scientific and technological cooperation plans.
The “Belt and Road” should be built as a road to innovation, and cooperative construction of scientific and technological innovation alliances and scientific and technological innovation bases for countries along the route will create opportunities and platforms for the common development of all countries.
It is necessary to maximize the use of global innovation resources, comprehensively enhance my country's position in the global innovation landscape, and enhance my country's influence and rule-making capabilities in global scientific and technological governance.
Fifth, firmly establish the strategic position of talents leading development, gather talents in an all-round way, and strive to consolidate the foundation of innovative development of talents.
Achievement is achieved by merit, and talent is broad by karma.
People are the most precious of all things in the world, and all innovations are made by people.
Hard power and soft power, in the final analysis, depend on the strength of talents.
All the history of science and technology proves that whoever has first-class innovative talents and first-class scientists can gain an advantage in technological innovation.
At present, there is still a shortage of high-level innovative talents in my country, especially the shortage of leading talents in science and technology.
The talent evaluation system is unreasonable, and the phenomenon of only papers, titles, and academic qualifications is still serious. The various evaluations and evaluations make the scientific and technological workers overwhelmed, the talent "hats" are flying all over the sky, and the talent management system does not meet the requirements of scientific and technological innovation. law.
It is necessary to innovate the talent evaluation mechanism, establish and improve a scientific and technological talent evaluation system oriented by innovation ability, quality, and contribution, and form and implement an evaluation system that is conducive to the concentrated research and innovation of scientific and technological talents.
Pay attention to the combination of personal evaluation and team evaluation, and respect and recognize the actual contributions of all participants in the team.
It is necessary to improve the science and technology reward system, so that outstanding scientific and technological innovation talents can receive reasonable returns, and release the innovative vitality of all kinds of talents.
It is necessary to pass reforms to change the practice of labeling talents with "permanent cards" based on static evaluation results, and change the one-sided practice of using papers, patents, and the number of funds as talent evaluation criteria. Red tape should not be used to tie up scientists' hands and feet. Endless reports and approvals have delayed the scientists' energy!
From April 11 to 13, 2018, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, visited Hainan.
It was the afternoon of April 12th. Xi Jinping had a cordial conversation with academician Yuan Longping and other agricultural scientists and technicians at the National Southern Propagation Research and Breeding Base to learn about the development and promotion of the rice breeding industry.
Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xueren/photo
The way of innovation is to win people.
To obtain the needs of others, one must make a wide range of ways to save it.
It is necessary to create a good environment for innovation, accelerate the formation of a training mechanism that is conducive to the growth of talents, a use mechanism that is conducive to the use of talents, an incentive mechanism that is conducive to the growth of competition, and a competition mechanism that is conducive to all kinds of talents. Fertile soil makes the root system of talents more developed and grows vigorously one crop after another.
It is necessary to respect the law of talent growth, resolve the structural contradictions of the talent team, build a complete talent ladder structure, and cultivate a large number of international-level strategic scientific and technological talents, scientific and technological leaders, young scientific and technological talents and innovative teams.
It is necessary to strengthen talent investment, optimize talent policies, create a policy environment conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship, build an effective mechanism for attracting talents, and form an innovation situation where all talents gather in China and all kinds of frost and sky compete freely!
※This is a part of General Secretary Xi Jinping's speech at the 19th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the 14th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Engineering on May 28, 2018.