The Xinjiang Practice of China's Ethnic Regional Autonomy: A Historical Solution to Absolute Poverty in the Millennium

　　China News Service, Urumqi, March 13th, title:

(The 100th Anniversary of the Communist Party of China) Xinjiang Practice of China's Ethnic Regional Autonomy: A Historical Solution to the Absolute Poverty of the Thousand Years

　　Author Gou Jipeng

　　"Xinjiang implements a system of ethnic regional autonomy, which guarantees the rights of the people of all ethnic groups to be the masters of the country. It is an important cornerstone of Xinjiang's economic and social development. For more than 60 years, Xinjiang has undergone earth-shaking changes." Recently, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Party Committee Party History Research Office The former deputy editor Wang Chunya said.

　　In 1949, Xinjiang declared its peaceful liberation. Under the leadership of the Xinjiang Branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Xinjiang established the Preparatory Committee for Regional Ethnic Autonomy in 1952 to promote the work of regional ethnic autonomy in Xinjiang.

　　"At that time, Xinjiang was implementing regional ethnic autonomy and faced many difficulties." Wang Chunya said that Xinjiang had just been peacefully liberated and lacked the basis for people's work, and ethnic minorities did not know enough about the party's ethnic work policies.

"Therefore, at that time, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly instructed the Xinjiang Branch to promote the work of regional ethnic autonomy in Xinjiang and we must adhere to the policy of cautious and steady progress.

　　On October 1, 1955, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was formally established, and the ethnic regional autonomy system was fully implemented in Xinjiang.

Before and after, Xinjiang has also established 5 autonomous prefectures of 4 ethnic groups including Kazakh, Hui, Kirgiz, and Mongolian, and 6 autonomous counties of 5 ethnic groups including Kazak, Hui, Mongolian, Tajik and Xibe.

　　Before the founding of New China, Xinjiang's economic and social development was seriously lagging behind, and people of all ethnic groups lived in poverty and could not enjoy basic human rights at all.

"At that time, in Xiaheleke Township, Moyu County, Hotan Prefecture, the feudal manor system still existed. The cruel oppression and exploitation of the manor owners left the majority of ethnic minorities with nothing. After liberation, through rent reduction and anti-hegemony movement and land reform, etc., The feudal serfdom system in Xiahelake Township was completely abolished." Wang Chunya said.

　　The abolition of the serf system in Xiahelake Township was only a microcosm of the various democratic reforms carried out in Xinjiang after the founding of New China.

The abolition of feudal land ownership in Xinjiang allowed landless and landless peasants to be allocated land, which fundamentally changed the historical situation of oppression and exploitation of the working people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang.

　　The story of Uncle Kurban wanting to ride a donkey to Beijing is well-known today.

Uncle Kurban was born in 1883. He lost his parents since he was a child. He slept in the big landlord’s cattle pen at night, and ran sheep in the Gobi Desert during the day. All his belongings were just a torn blanket, a broken copper pot and a heavy debt.

After the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang in 1949, Uncle Kurban was given 14 acres of land and a new house in the land reform. He thanked Chairman Mao Zedong and the Communist Party in his heart.

　　"At that time, many people, like my great-grandfather, owned their own land and turned over and became masters. They thanked the party from the bottom of their hearts." Many years later, the descendants of Uncle Kurban, such as Kyamu Matisse, owned much land. I am a retired female soldier on the Liaoning, China’s first aircraft carrier, a representative of the Xinjiang People’s Congress and a representative of the National People’s Congress.

　　As Keyamu Matisse said, in 2020, Tian Wanfang Airport will be completed and open to navigation, and local people will no longer have to travel more than 200 kilometers to Hotan City to catch a plane.

This year the two sessions of the country were held, and for the first time she took a plane from her hometown to Beijing.

　　"Today, my hometown, Yutian County, has been alleviated from poverty. The adobe houses of farmers and herdsmen have become brick houses. Every family has running water. The asphalt road leads directly to the door. Many people have cars. Life has changed a lot.” Such as Keyamu Matissei described the changes in Uncle Kurban’s hometown.

　　Over the years, Xinjiang has implemented the basic strategy of targeted poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation, implemented relocation projects for poverty alleviation, enrichment and housing, and solved the problem of safe drinking water for the poor, which has changed the old appearance of the north and south of Tianshan Mountains.

　　In the past five years, the entire region has made decisive achievements in poverty alleviation. Under the current standards in Xinjiang, 3.0649 million rural poor people have been lifted out of poverty, 3,666 poor villages have been withdrawn, and all 35 poor counties have been removed. Xinjiang’s millennial absolute poverty problem has been historically resolved.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Xinjiang continued to explore the "relay" of rural revitalization to fight poverty and lead people of all ethnic groups to a well-off road.

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