Ensuring Food Security, Implementing Party and Government Responsibility The
Central Committee No. 1 document emphasizes firmly keeping the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land
Core reading
The reform of the homestead system involves the vital interests of farmers. It is very sensitive and complicated. It must be in accordance with the requirements of the central government to maintain sufficient historical patience and adhere to the three bottom lines of not changing the nature of public land ownership, not breaking through the red line of cultivated land, and not damaging the interests of farmers.
□ Our reporter Hou Jianbin
At the beginning of the New Year, the broad masses of farmers ushered in the "Policy Gift Package" for the New Year of the Ox.
The "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting Rural Revitalization and Accelerating Agricultural and Rural Modernization" (hereinafter referred to as the Central Document No. 1) was officially announced. This is the 18th No. 1 document issued by the central government that focuses on "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" in succession since the new century.
In 2020, agricultural and rural development will overcome the severe impact of the epidemic and maintain the momentum of steady progress and steady improvement. Agricultural production capacity will reach a new level. The comprehensive mechanization rate of farming and harvesting will reach 71%; farmers' income has increased for 11 consecutive years. Faster than urban residents; the rural living environment has improved significantly, and infrastructure and public services have highlighted shortcomings to make up for quickly... New historical achievements have been made in the development of agriculture and rural areas, laying a solid foundation for building a well-off society in an all-round way as scheduled.
This year's No. 1 Central Document has focused on comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and has made comprehensive arrangements for the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.
Tang Renjian, director of the Central Agriculture Office and Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, emphasized that this year’s Central Document No. 1 is based on the current situation, highlights annuality and timeliness, and arranges the tasks that must be completed this year. It is to manage this year’s "mission book"; Focusing on the beginning of the "14th Five-Year Plan", highlighting the strategic and directionality, and clarifying the working ideas and key measures during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, it is also the "construction drawing" for five years.
Take the implementation of rural construction as a starting point
This year's Central No. 1 document includes 5 parts and a total of 26 articles.
Tang Renjian said that the main content can be summarized as "two must not be, two start well, and one comprehensively strengthen."
"Two must not" means to consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation, and there must be no problems with food security.
Emphasize the establishment of a transitional period to achieve an effective connection between the consolidation and expansion of the results of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and to ensure that the bottom line of no large-scale return to poverty is maintained.
It is clearly required that all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) during the "14th Five-Year Plan" should stabilize the sown area of grain, increase the yield per unit area, and ensure that the grain output is stable at more than 1.3 trillion catties.
"Two good starts and a good start" means that both agricultural modernization and rural modernization must have a good start.
In terms of agricultural modernization, Tang Renjian said, highlighting the deployment of solutions to the two key issues of seed and arable land, strengthening the support of modern agricultural technology and material equipment, focusing on building a modern rural industrial system and a modern agricultural management system, and promoting green agricultural development.
In terms of rural modernization, with the implementation of rural construction activities as the starting point, a number of key projects and actions in rural human settlements, infrastructure and public services, rural consumption, and urban-rural integrated development within counties have been deployed.
"One comprehensive strengthening" is to strengthen the party's overall leadership over the "three rural" work.
Tang Renjian pointed out that the Central Committee’s No. 1 document puts forward clear requirements for improving the party’s rural work leadership system and working mechanism, strengthening the party’s rural grassroots organization construction and rural governance, and emphasizes the need to strengthen the investment guarantee for the priority development of agriculture and rural areas.
Consolidate the Party Committee and Government’s Food Security Responsibilities
Everything is easy, eating is a big deal.
"Ensuring food security is an eternal topic." Tang Renjian believes that in response to the new crown pneumonia epidemic last year, grain and important agricultural and sideline products were produced, supplied, and sold well, and withstood a big test.
"It can be said that China's food security is completely guaranteed." But at the same time, it should be noted that my country's food supply and demand has always been in a tight balance.
Therefore, on the issue of food security, one cannot be taken lightly for a moment, and more food must be produced and stored as much as possible.
To ensure food security, the focus is to do a good job in "two Tibet", that is, "having grain in the ground and storing grain in technology."
"This is the material basis for ensuring the country's food security." Tang Renjian revealed that the next step will be to adopt hard measures to "grow teeth", implement the most stringent farmland protection system, and resolutely curb the "non-agriculturalization" of cultivated land and prevent the "non-graining" of cultivated land. "Huawei", firmly guarding the red line of 1.8 billion acres of arable land, while ensuring that 1.55 billion acres of permanent basic farmland is mainly planted with annual crops such as food, melons and vegetables.
The fundamental way to increase grain output is to rely on science and technology for yields and benefits, insist on self-reliance and self-reliance in agricultural science and technology, and resolve to fight a turnaround in the seed industry, and use modern agricultural technology and material equipment to strengthen food security support.
In addition, the establishment of a "two supplements" mechanism guarantee, "supplied with benefits and supplemented with justice."
Tang Renjian said, “Supplement with benefits” means that farmers should make more money and more profit from growing grain. In terms of policy measures, it is necessary to adhere to and improve agricultural price and subsidy policies; “supplement with righteousness” means to consolidate Obligations and responsibilities of local party committees and governments on food security.
Different from the previous emphasis on the provincial governor’s responsibility system, both the Central Rural Work Conference and the Central Committee’s No. 1 Document have made it clear that the Party and the government must share responsibility for food security.
Tang Renjian pointed out that these efforts are intended to ensure that the sown area and output of grain in various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) can remain stable, and continue to increase if conditions permit.
Steadily advance the reform of rural homesteads
The No. 1 document of the central government proposes to strengthen the management of homesteads, prudently promote the reform of the rural homestead system, and explore effective ways to realize the separation of ownership, qualification rights, and use rights of homesteads.
"In recent years, the central government has issued a series of policies to strengthen the management of rural homesteads in accordance with the law. The overall goal is to prudently advance the reform of the rural homestead system to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers." said Wu Hongyao, a member of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Secretary of the Central Agricultural Office. Last year, the Central Agriculture Office and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, together with relevant departments, launched a new round of pilot reforms of the rural homestead system in 104 counties, municipalities, and 3 prefecture-level cities across the country.
Wu Hongyao pointed out that the core of the pilot program is to explore the ways to realize the separation of ownership, qualification, and use rights of homesteads.
"In the pilot program, we will focus on protecting the rights and interests of farmers’ homesteads that have settled in cities. We must explore the guarantee mechanism for farmers’ homestead qualification rights. At the same time, we will increase the number of farmers by exploring the transfer, mortgage, voluntary and paid withdrawal, and paid use of homestead use rights. Property income."
Wu Hongyao emphasized, "The reform of the homestead system involves the vital interests of farmers, which is very sensitive and complicated. It must be in accordance with the requirements of the central government, must maintain sufficient historical patience, and adhere to the fact that the nature of public land ownership will not change, the red line of cultivated land will not be broken, and the interests of farmers will not be damaged. Three bottom lines.” At the same time, it is also necessary to make it clear that it is strictly forbidden for urbanites to go to the countryside to use rural homesteads to build villas and private halls, etc., and it is not possible to force farmers to withdraw from their homes and "upstairs" under various names. Reform has always been moving in the right direction.
Accelerate the reform of key areas and key links
Wu Hongyao said, "In the new development stage, we must comprehensively promote rural revitalization and accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. It is still necessary to stimulate the vitality of rural resource elements by accelerating reforms in key areas and key links, and further strengthen the element support for rural revitalization."
"It is necessary to consolidate and improve the basic rural management system." Wu Hongyao pointed out that after several years of hard work, the registration and issuance of rights to rural contracted land has been basically completed. Now 1.5 billion mu of contracted land has been confirmed to households, and more than 200 million farmers have received it. certificate.
In the next step, it is necessary to consolidate and make good use of the results of the determination, steadily carry out the second round of land contracting and extend the pilot for another 30 years, and keep the land contracting relationship stable and lasting unchanged.
At the same time, deepen the reform of the rural land system.
The Central Government’s No. 1 document clearly requires that the policy of revitalizing the stock of rural construction land should be improved, and the negative list management should be implemented, and priority should be given to ensuring the development of rural industries and rural construction land.
According to the actual needs of the decentralized layout of rural leisure and tourism industries, explore flexible and diverse new methods of land supply, and solve the problem of difficult land use in rural revitalization.
Wu Hongyao said that the legal barriers to the entry of rural collective operating construction land into the market have been removed, but further clarification is needed in terms of transaction requirements and procedures, improvement of powers and capabilities, and income distribution.
Wu Hongyao pointed out, "In addition, establish an investment guarantee mechanism for the development of agriculture and rural areas." The key to comprehensively promoting rural revitalization is to implement the requirements for the development of agriculture and rural areas.
The No. 1 Central Document also put forward clear requirements on strengthening the investment guarantee mechanism, and introduced a series of policy measures with high gold content.
Cartography/Li Xiaojun