Chinanews.com Beijing client, March 11 (Peng Ningling) The kidney plays an important role as a "purification factory" in the human body.
In recent years, the incidence of chronic kidney disease has increased.
Because the onset is hidden and the awareness rate is low, most patients are often diagnosed at a later stage, causing irreversible damage to the body.
March 11 this year is the 16th World Kidney Day. Do you know your kidneys?
How to detect, prevent and delay chronic kidney disease in time?
Data map: The Student Union of Chengdu Medical College organizes a graffiti activity to "change up" the campus manhole cover. The picture shows the very suffocated "kidney".
Do you understand your kidneys?
Filter blood, regulate blood pressure...Kidneys are "busy"
In recent years, the incidence of chronic kidney disease has increased. Some experts said that chronic kidney disease has become one of the important causes that affect life expectancy, bringing a heavy burden to families and society.
So, do you understand your kidneys?
Do you know what role it plays in our body?
"The primary role of the kidney is the'purification factory' of the human body." According to Chen Gang, the chief physician of the Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, the kidney is located on both sides of the back spine, shaped like a broad bean, accounting for only about 0.5% of the body's mass.
Small size and weight, but withstand a lot of work.
Healthy kidneys work 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, open throughout the year.
When blood flows through the kidneys, metabolic waste, excess salt and water in the blood will form urine and be excreted from the body.
"In terms of quantity, the kidney can be said to be the'wonder flower' in the abdominal organs." Chen Gang said, intuitively speaking, the reason why people have two kidneys is because the kidneys are "very busy", except for their job of purifying water. In addition, there are several "part-time jobs."
On the one hand, it regulates the balance of water and salt and controls the body's capacity to maintain normal blood pressure. On the other hand, it releases a blood vessel-constricting hormone to raise blood pressure to ensure that blood is supplied to all corners of the body to regulate blood pressure.
In addition, the kidneys also help the body to make blood and maintain the health and growth of teeth and bones.
Chen Gang, the attending physician of the Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, is visiting.
For picture
Darkening of urine, increased nocturia, itchy skin...
The performance of chronic kidney disease is not obvious. Pay attention to these symptoms!
At present, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in adults worldwide is as high as about 10%.
In 2010, 2.6 million people worldwide depended on dialysis or kidney transplantation to maintain their lives; by 2030, this number is expected to increase to 5.4 million.
The so-called chronic kidney disease is a serious progressive decline in renal function (marked by decreased glomerular filtration rate or kidney damage or both and lasts for more than three months).
Li Xuemei, director of the Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, pointed out that in the traditional diagnosis and treatment of chronic kidney disease, due to the hidden onset and low awareness rate, most patients with chronic kidney disease are often diagnosed at a later stage, causing irreversible damage to the body.
"In reality, many patients don't even notice physical discomfort until the uremia stage." Li Xuemei said that although most chronic kidney diseases are incurable, they can be prevented and delayed.
Experts believe that if there are symptoms that may be related to kidney disease, such as eyelid or lower limb edema, foamy urine, dark urine, increased nocturia, skin itching, low back pain, young people with high blood pressure or blood pressure difficult to control, you should see a doctor as soon as possible.
In addition, considering that the manifestations of chronic kidney disease are often not obvious, it is necessary to conduct kidney-related physical examinations for the general population every year.
"Especially people with diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity or a family history of kidney disease." According to experts, positive urine occult blood is the most common abnormality in kidney-related tests. There are many reasons for a positive test. After finding a positive urine occult blood, The urine routine should be reviewed, and urine sediment should be checked to determine the number and shape of red blood cells.
In addition to the examination results of urine occult blood, other relevant examination items on the physical examination report should also be noted, including the results of blood pressure, urine protein, blood creatinine, and urological imaging.
Li Xuemei, director of the Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, is visiting.
For picture
How to protect the kidneys and prevent kidney disease?
Expert: Adhere to a healthy lifestyle and monitor regularly
So, how to protect the kidneys and prevent kidney disease?
"The first key to protecting the kidneys: Don't make the kidneys'thirsty'." Chen Gang said, "The industrious kidney is not afraid of working too much. Soaking in water is fine. If you don't water it for a long time, it will wilt."
Li Xuemei further pointed out that in daily life, by adhering to a healthy lifestyle, improving metabolic abnormalities, and strengthening regular monitoring can prevent and delay the occurrence of kidney disease.
Experts say that a healthy life requires a low-salt and low-fat diet. Adults should consume no more than 6 grams of salt per day.
"For patients with renal impairment, the amount of salt should be controlled. In different stages of chronic kidney disease, the protein intake should be adjusted under the guidance of the doctor." Experts said that in addition, do not smoke and exercise every week. , Encourage aerobic exercise-based way.
Drinking habit is very important. It is recommended to drink boiled water or tea, and drink less sugary drinks.
Secondly, blood glucose needs to be monitored.
“Diabetes is likely to gradually become the first cause of chronic kidney disease in my country in the future. Controlling blood sugar is a very effective treatment for diabetes and nephropathy.” Li Xuemei said that patients with existing diabetes should be monitored closely to control glycosylated hemoglobin. Within 7%.
According to experts, long-term uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to renal arteriole sclerosis, cause increased nocturia, and further lead to renal damage, which in turn will aggravate high blood pressure and cause a vicious circle.
Malignant hypertension can occur in severe cases, and the appearance of this state will aggravate renal failure.
"It is necessary to control blood pressure and cut off the vicious circle between blood pressure and kidney disease."
Finally, drugs should be used with caution.
"Drugs are the primary cause of interstitial nephritis. Common drugs include proton pump inhibitors, painkillers, antibiotics, and Chinese medicines containing aristolochic acid that are commonly used to treat gastrointestinal discomfort. Avoid long-term use of drugs without the guidance of a doctor. Or health products." The expert said.
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